A two-dimensional second-order topological superconductor exhibits a finite gap in both bulk and edges, with the nontrivial topology manifesting itself through Majorana zero modes localized at the ...corners, i.e., Majorana corner states. We investigate a time-reversal-invariant topological superconductor in two dimensions and demonstrate that an in-plane magnetic field could transform it into a second-order topological superconductor. A detailed analysis reveals that the magnetic field gives rise to mass terms which take distinct values among the edges, and Majorana corner states naturally emerge at the intersection of two adjacent edges with opposite masses. With the rotation of the magnetic field, Majorana corner states localized around the boundary may hop from one corner to a neighboring one and eventually make a full circle around the system when the field rotates by 2π. In the end, we briefly discuss physical realizations of this system.
The oilfield has entered the ultra-high water cut period, the distribution of remaining oil is scattered, and it is difficult to tap the potential. On the plane, affected by sand body distribution ...and well pattern production objects, sand body perforation does not correspond to each other, forming residual oil with imperfect injection production relationship; The residual oil formed in the retention area at the edge of the fault due to the influence of fault shielding. Vertically, affected by the heterogeneity, interlayer and rhythm in the layer, the bottom of the thick oil layer is strongly washed, the middle is moderately strongly washed, and the top is weak and not washed. The production difference is large, and the remaining oil mainly exists at the top of the oil layer. The remaining oil with imperfect injection production relationship and special parts is tapped through ultra short radius horizontal wells to improve oilfield development efficiency.
The modern society has been developing rapidly, and the Internet has become one of the most revolutionary development throughout the eras. Nowadays, people’s high reliance on the Internet inevitably ...leads to the development of diverse online products, one of which is the occurrence of the short video applications. A typical representation of a successfully runned short video platform is Douyin, which is the research objective of this paper. This research aims to investigate the strategic mechanisms utilized in the platform Douyin, in terms of both psychological and commercial aspects. This paper focuses specifically on how the use of strategies forms a habit-forming technological product which causes individual’s high addiction. To conclude, the hook model and recommendation algorithms can be the main mechanisms that cause user addiction to Douyin platform.
We show that a two-dimensional semiconductor with Rashba spin-orbit coupling could be driven into the second-order topological superconducting phase when a mixed-pairing state is introduced. The ...superconducting order we consider involves only even-parity components and meanwhile breaks time-reversal symmetry. As a result, each corner of a square-shaped Rashba semiconductor would host one single Majorana zero mode in the second-order nontrivial phase. Starting from edge physics, we are able to determine the phase boundaries accurately. A simple criterion for the second-order phase is further established, which concerns the relative position between Fermi surfaces and nodal points of the superconducting order parameter. In the end, we propose two setups that may bring this mixed-pairing state into the Rashba semiconductor, followed by a brief discussion on the experimental feasibility of the two platforms.
Genesis of Loess Particles on the Chinese Loess Plateau Zhu, Xiaoyu; Gray, Jessica; Gu, Ying ...
Geochemistry, geophysics, geosystems : G3,
July 2022, 2022-07-00, 20220701, 2022-07-01, Volume:
23, Issue:
7
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The sources of the sediments in distinct areas of the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) are still disputed, starting with the particle formation in the original desert areas, as well as the neighboring ...river systems. The formation of loess particles in the southern CLP was investigated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and combined material modal composite analysis. Here, we determined the mineralogy in the Duanjiapo (DJP) section on the southernmost CLP and the last glacial‐interglacial samples on the central and north CLP. The results reveal that the samples plot along the N‐S transect, which is very likely the result of differential weathering. The SEM observations of the internal textures of soil aggregates from DJP suggest that precipitation mediated dissolution led to the formation of the fine particle fraction (5–10 μm). The most dissolution was observed for the hornblende particles. The further evolution of these smaller particles followed a decrease (2.6–0 Ma) in the grain size up section. Our record of the changes in and trend of the hornblende concentrations suggests an imbalance in the budget of the hornblende influx via sub‐aerosol wind transport versus the mineral dissolution, which provides robust evidence for a sediment provenance in the deserts north and west of CLP. Understanding the sediment source is critical to trace Asian monsoon evolution. The hornblende record suggests a coeval change in the trends of the summer monsoon and winter monsoon, and this contemporaneous change may not support the recently proposed Pacific Walker Circulation mechanism in the interpretation of Asian monsoon.
Key Points
Based on mineralogy, the origin of the loess is the deserts; differential weathering led to stronger mineral dissolution in Duanjiapo site
The grain size of the hornblende particles decreases up‐section due to stronger dissolution, but the hornblende content increases upward
An imbalance was observed between hornblende influx via winter monsoon transport and the mineral dissolution flux caused by summer monsoon
Cellulose synthesis occurs exclusively at the plasma membrane by cellulose synthase complexes (CSCs). Therefore, delivery of CSCs to discrete sites at the plasma membrane is critical for cellulose ...synthesis. Despite their significance, the delivery of CSCs is poorly understood. Here we used proteomics approaches, functional genetics, and live cell imaging to show that the de novo secretion of CSCs is mediated by cooperation among cellulose synthase interactive 1 (CSI1), the plant-specific protein PATROL1, and exocyst complex in Arabidopsis thaliana. We propose that CSI1 plays a role in marking the docking site, which allows CSCs-containing vesicles access to the plasma membrane through its interaction with microtubules. PATROL1 assists in exocytosis by its interaction with multiple components, including CSI1, CSCs, and exocyst subunits. Both PATROL1 and the exocyst complex determine the rate of delivery of CSCs to the plasma membrane. By monitoring the exocyst complex, PATROL1, CSI1, and CSCs dynamics in real time, we present a timeline of events for exocytosis of CSCs. Our findings provide unique insights into the evolution of exocytosis in eukaryotes.
Mobile crowdsensing is an emerging paradigm that selects users to complete sensing tasks. Recently, mobile vehicles are adopted to perform sensing data collection tasks in the urban city due to their ...ubiquity and mobility. In this article, we study how mobile vehicles can be optimally selected in order to collect maximum data from the urban environment in a future period of tens of minutes. We formulate the recruitment of vehicles as a maximum data limited budget problem. The application scenario is generalized to a realistic online setting where vehicles are continuously moving in real-time and the data center decides to recruit a set of vehicles immediately. A deep learning-based scheme through mobile vehicles (DLMV) is proposed to collect sensing data in the urban environment. We first propose a deep learning-based offline algorithm to predict vehicle mobility in a future time period. Furthermore, we propose a greedy online algorithm to recruit a subset of vehicles with a limited budget for the NP-Complete problem. Extensive experimental evaluations are conducted on the real mobility dataset in Rome. The results have not only verified the efficiency of our proposed solution but also validated that DLMV can improve the quantity of collected sensing data compared with other algorithms.
Given the importance of trucking to the economic well being of a country and the safety concerns posed by the trucks, a study of large-truck crashes is critical. This paper contributes by undertaking ...an extensive analysis of the empirical factors affecting injury severity of large-truck crashes. Data from a recent, nationally representative sample of large-truck crashes are examined to determine the factors affecting the overall injury severity of these crashes. The explanatory factors include the characteristics of the crash, vehicle(s), and the driver(s). The injury severity was modeled using two measures. Several similarities and some differences were observed across the two models which underscore the need for improved accuracy in the assessment of injury severity of crashes. The estimated models capture the marginal effects of a variety of explanatory factors simultaneously. In particular, the models indicate the impacts of several driver behavior variables on the severity of the crashes, after controlling for a variety of other factors. For example, driver distraction (truck drivers), alcohol use (car drivers), and emotional factors (car drivers) are found to be associated with higher severity crashes. A further interesting finding is the strong statistical significance of several dummy variables that indicate missing data – these reflect how the nature of the crash itself could affect the completeness of the data. Future efforts should seek to collect such data more comprehensively so that the true effects of these aspects on the crash severity can be determined.
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