A novel, unique, truly-solid Li-ion cell structural design, based on LiFePO4/graphite electrodes and profoundly ionic conducting polymer electrolyte, is fabricated by exploiting, for the first time, ...carbonised cellulose nanofibrils as both the conductive binder and the current collector substrate. Moreover, cellulose nanofibrils are used as reinforcing additive for the preparation of the unconventional composite polymer electrolyte separator. The resulting solid polymeric lab-scale Li-ion cell, assembled in a “pouch cell” envelop, shows remarkably stable characteristics upon prolonged cycling at ambient temperature even at high current regimes. By the way, a simple procedure, easily scalable, is optimized for the spray coating and water-based papermaking. As a result, all components can be fully recovered at the end of the cell operational life by taking advantage of a simple water-based paper recycling technique, opening new horizons for the manufacture of sustainable electrochemical energy storage devices.
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•Processing of Li ion cell electrodes on a pilot paper machine by spray coating.•Use of microfibrillated cellulose in the formulation of the electrode slurry.•Electrodes displayed excellent ...mechanical properties and good cycling performances.•Pilot scale validation of new/high throughput technology for electrodes processing.
A new spray coating water-based process is here proposed for the rapid and reliable large-scale production of self-standing Li-ion battery electrodes using truly natural microfibrillated cellulose as binder. The graphite/carbon black microfibrillated cellulose slurry was spray coated on a wet paper substrate which, subsequently pressed and dried on a conventional pilot paper machine, led to the formation of a bilayered electrode with excellent mechanical properties, cycling performances vs Li metal comparable to those of anodes with standard composition, (i.e. Young Modulus of 2.5GPa and specific capacity of 350mAhg−1 at 0.1C) but a Coulombic efficiency (ca. 98% in the first 50 cycles) which needs to be improved to maintain good cycling performances in Li-ion systems.
This work demonstrated that well-established industrial papermaking techniques and materials can be adapted to the elaboration of well-functioning electrodes thus paving the way for the transfer the Li-ion battery industrial area of high-throughput paper production technologies.
Experimental and theoretical studies of direct photon production in hadronic collisions essentially expand our insights in multiparticle production mechanisms. These photons are useful probes to ...investigate nuclear matter at all stages of the interaction. Soft photons play a particular role in these studies. Until now we have no explanation for the experimentally observed excess of soft photons. These photons have low transverse momenta GeV/c, . In this domain their yield exceeds the theoretical estimates by 5-8 times. The registration of soft photons at Nuclotron (LHEP, JINR) has been carried out by the electromagnetic calorimeter built by the SVD-2 Collaboration. Soft photon electromagnetic calorimeter was tested at U-70, IHEP (Protvino). For the first time the soft photon yield at interactions of 3.5A GeV/c per nucleon deuterium and lithium beams has been measured. The obtained energy spectra confirm the increased yield of soft photons with their energy less than 50MeV (in the laboratory system) in comparison with theoretical predictions and agree with previous experiments at high-energy interactions. It is planned to continue soft photon study at the future accelerator complex NICA with heavy-ion beams.
Novel montmorillonite-based ceramic membrane (CM) has been prepared with poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropene) (PVdF-HFP) copolymer as binder. Physical properties such as surface morphology, ...porosity, liquid electrolyte uptake and thermal stability were analysed. The ceramic membrane was activated by soaking it in a non-aqueous liquid electrolyte (1.0 M LiPF
6
solution in 1/1
v
/
v
ethylene carbonate/diethyl carbonate mixture) for 10 min. The compatibility of the membrane with lithium metal anode as a function of storage time was analysed by assembling a Li/CM/Li symmetric cell. Finally, a lab-scale cell composed of Li/CM/LiFePO
4
is assembled and its cycling performance analysed at different C-rates. Although the ceramic membrane is not flexible, it shows high thermal stability and stable interfacial properties when in contact with the lithium metal anode. A stable cycling behaviour is demonstrated even at 1C-rate with limited fade in capacity.
New data on the tensor analyzing power Ayy of the 9Be(d,p)X reaction at an initial deuteron momentum of 5 GeV/c and a proton detection angle of 178 mr have been obtained at the JINR Synchrophasotron. ...The data obtained are compared with the relativistic calculations of the deuteron breakup process made in the framework of the light-front dynamics. We have managed to explain the new data with Karmanov's relativistic deuteron wave function without invoking degrees of freedom additional to nucleon ones.
.
Experimental and theoretical studies of direct photon production in hadronic collisions essentially expand our insights in multiparticle production mechanisms. These photons are useful probes to ...investigate nuclear matter at all stages of the interaction. Soft photons play a particular role in these studies. Until now we have no explanation for the experimentally observed excess of soft photons. These photons have low transverse momenta
GeV/
c
,
. In this domain their yield exceeds the theoretical estimates by 5-8 times. The registration of soft photons at Nuclotron (LHEP, JINR) has been carried out by the electromagnetic calorimeter built by the SVD-2 Collaboration. Soft photon electromagnetic calorimeter was tested at U-70, IHEP (Protvino). For the first time the soft photon yield at interactions of 3.5
A
GeV/
c
per nucleon deuterium and lithium beams has been measured. The obtained energy spectra confirm the increased yield of soft photons with their energy less than 50MeV (in the laboratory system) in comparison with theoretical predictions and agree with previous experiments at high-energy interactions. It is planned to continue soft photon study at the future accelerator complex NICA with heavy-ion beams.
A study of spin effects at fragmentation of 9 GeV polarized deuterons into high momentum pions
dA → π (θ) X
was for the first time performed at Dubna polarized deuteron facility. Large
D-state ...effects were observed at fragmentation of tensor polarized deuterons into cumulative pions at non-zero emission angles.
The light radiation from various internal targets at the nuclotron can be utilized for the operative control and time optimization of the interaction intensity of the beam. The examples presented in ...the paper illustrate information about the space characteristics of the circulating beam during one cycle of the accelerator run at the stages of injection, acceleration and during the physical experiments, respectively.
Experimental results concerning the kaon yield in the reaction
d
+ Be →
K
±
(0°) +
X
for values of the cumulative variable
x
c
in the range between 0.88 and 1.37 are presented. Values in the region ...of
x
c
≥ 1 correspond to short nucleon-nucleon distances (deuteron-core region) at which nucleon wave functions begin overlapping each other, forming a cluster (flucton) where the hadron-matter density is higher than the average matter density in the nucleus. The behavior of the
K
+
/
K
−
yield ratio in this region may be interpreted within the hypothesis that the quark sea in nuclei becomes harder because of the presence of a flucton component in nuclear matter.
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