The number of foreigners inItalyhas been steadily growing over the last decades. This trend is accompanied by a parallel increase of the number of new-borns who have foreign parents. The aim of the ...present study is to compare the access and the adequacy of antenatal care for both Italian and foreign women, by controlling for demographic and socio-economic characteristics. Our source is the Certificates of Healthcare at Delivery (2003). Three appropriate indicators of frequency and adequacy of antenatal care have been constructed: 1) time of first visit; 2) number of visits and 3) number of scans. The factors which influence Italian and foreign womens' access to antenatal care have been identified by using multinomial logistic regression models, in which time of the first visit is the dependent variable. Regarding healthcare received during the pregnancy, we show that strong inequalities in terms of both promptness and level of care persist between Italian and foreign women. Foreign women, particularly those without residency,- experience a delay in their first interaction with antenatal care services. The results of the present study prompt us to question the effectiveness of the policies for providing information to foreign women.
The present study addresses the issue of economic insecurity and its relationship with the reproductive plans of 5,358 Italian women in couples who have recently had their first child. Data were ...sourced from the ISTAT Sample Survey on Births, 2005 edition. This article's originality lies in the conceptualization of economic insecurity and the investigation of its effects on fertility intentions. We propose to capture economic insecurity by considering both the insecurity associated to the two partners' employment status and a variety of aspects that contribute to the household's ability to cope with possible unpredictable future events. Then, we investigate whether and how economic insecurity shapes the fertility intentions of women over their entire reproductive life span. With specific respect to women who intend to have one additional child only, we also observe the effect of economic insecurity on their intention to give birth sooner (i.e., within the next 3 years) or later. Our data show the existence of a critical factor in the passage from the generic fertility intentions to the contingent plan to have a child in the next 3 years: only half of women with one child who intend to follow the two-child family model feel ready to plan to have a second child in the next 3 years. The study also reinforces an argument that is frequently made: fertility intentions over the entire lifetime are less conditioned upon contingent constraints, and are often more closely related to individual traits and/or preferences.
analysis of the prevalence and factors of obesity among the adult population in Italy.
microdata from the Multipurpose Survey on Households "Aspects of daily life 2007", carried out by Istat on a ...sample of nearly 19 thousands households.
multiple logistic regression.
the risk of obesity is associated to individuals sociodemographic characteristics. Physical and cultural activity are negatively associated with obesity. The stratified analyses highlight differences by gender and age in the factors associated to higher risks of obesity.
the prevention and treatment of obesity require the cooperation of several specialists, not exclusively from the health-sector.
The Generations and Gender Survey (GGS) is one of the two pillars of the Generations and Gender Programme designed to improve understanding of demographic and social development and of the factors ...that influence these developments. This article describes how the theoretical perspectives applied in the survey, the survey design and the questionnaire are related to this objective.
The key features of the survey include panel design, multidisciplinarity, comparability, context-sensitivity, inter-generational and gender relationships. The survey applies the life course approach, focussing on the processes of childbearing, partnership dynamics, home leaving, and retiring. The selection of topics for data collection mainly follows the criterion of theoretically grounded relevance to explaining one or more of the mentioned processes. A large portion of the survey deals with economic aspects of life, such as economic activity, income, and economic well-being; a comparably large section is devoted to values and attitudes. Other domains covered by the survey include gender relationships, household composition and housing, residential mobility, social networks and private transfers, education, health, and public transfers. The third chapter of the article describes the motivations for their inclusion.
The GGS questionnaire is designed for a face-to-face interview. It includes the core that each participating country needs to implement in full, and four optional submodules on nationality and ethnicity, on previous partners, on intentions of breaking up, and on housing, respectively. The participating countries are encouraged to include also the optional sub-modules to facilitate comparative research on these topics.
The total fertility rate in Italy is well below replacement level but most women still plan to have two children. This gap between expressed fertility plans and observed reproductive behaviour ...warrants examination. The authors assess the correspondence between fertility intentions of women with one child and subsequent behaviour at micro level and highlight which characteristics affect both the formation of positive fertility intentions and their realization in the short run. Their analysis relies on an ad hoc dataset built by linking the 2002 edition of the Sample Survey on Births (where fertility intentions were asked) and the live births recorded in the Population Register from 2002 to 2008. The results clearly show that the fertility plans of women with one child play a crucial role in determining their subsequent reproductive behaviour. They tested the hypothesis that socioeconomic status and women's housework burden affects both the intentions to have another child and their realization among women with one child. Their findings suggest that socioeconomic status affects not so much the formation of positive fertility intentions but rather their realization, while women's housework burden does not display significant effects. En Italie, l'indice synthétique de fécondité est largement au-dessous du niveau de remplacement des générations, mais la plupart des femmes envisagent toujours d'avoir deux enfants. Il y a donc un décalage entre les intentions de fécondité et les comportements observés. Les auteures cherchent à évaluer, au niveau individuel, le degré de concordance entre les intentions de fécondité des mères d'un enfant et leur fécondité ultérieure, et à mettre en évidence quelles caractéristiques affectent à la fois les intentions positives de fécondité et leur réalisation à court terme. Cette analyse est élaborée à partir d'une base de données ad hocconstruite en reliant l'édition 2002 de l'Enquête par sondage sur les naissances (où étaient recueillies les intentions de fécondité des mères) aux naissances vivantes inscrites dans le Registre de la population entre 2002 et 2008. Les résultats montrent que les intentions de fécondité des mères d'un enfant ont une influence déterminante sur leur comportement reproductif futur. Les hypothèses de l'influence du statut socioéconomique de ces femmes et de la charge des tâches ménagères sur leur intention d'avoir un autre enfant et la réalisation de ce projet ont été testées : les auteures constatent que le statut socioéconomique affecte moins les intentions positives de fécondité que leur réalisation, et que la charge de travail domestique ne paraît pas avoir d'effet significatif. En Italia, el índice sintético de fecundidad es ampliamente inferior al nivel de reemplazo de las generaciones, pero la mayor parte de las mujeres proyecta todavía tener dos hijos. Hay pues un desfase entre las intenciones de fecundidad y los comportamientos observados. Las autoras intentan evaluar, a nivel individual, el grado de concordancia entre las intenciones de fecundidad de las madres de un hijo y su fecundidad ulterior, así como descubrir las características que afectan simultáneamente las intenciones positivas de fecundidad y su realización a corto plazo. Este análisis es elaborado a partir de una base de datos ad hocconstruida conectando la edición 2002 de la Encuesta por sondeo sobre los nacimientos (donde se recogían las intenciones de fecundidad de las madres) con los nacimientos inscritos en el Registro de población entre 2002 y 2008. Los resultados muestran que las intenciones de fecundidad de las madres de un hijo tienen una influencia determinante sobre su comportamiento reproductivo futuro. También se ha testado la influencia del estatuto socioeconómico y de la carga de trabajo doméstico sobre les intenciones de tener otro hijo y sobre la realización de ese proyecto: las autoras constatan que el estatuto afecta menos las intenciones positivas de fecundidad que su realización, y que la carga de trabajo doméstico no parece tener efectos significativos.
This study analyzes the sociodemographic factors at the root of the reduction in fertility in developed countries and the way in which these are correlated to the increase in levels of infertility. ...The postponement of marriage and of bearing the first child, the transition still underway toward nontraditional family forms and unfavorable economic and institutional factors explain a considerable part of the increase in levels of infertility.
RésuméEn Italie, l’indice synthétique de fécondité est largement au-dessous du niveau de remplacement des générations, mais la plupart des femmes envisagent toujours d’avoir deux enfants. Il y a donc ...un décalage entre les intentions de fécondité et les comportements observés. Les auteures cherchent à évaluer, au niveau individuel, le degré de concordance entre les intentions de fécondité des mères d’un enfant et leur fécondité ultérieure, et à mettre en évidence quelles caractéristiques affectent à la fois les intentions positives de fécondité et leur réalisation à court terme. Cette analyse est élaborée à partir d’une base de données ad hoc construite en reliant l’édition 2002 de l’Enquête par sondage sur les naissances (où étaient recueillies les intentions de fécondité des mères) aux naissances vivantes inscrites dans le Registre de la population entre 2002 et 2008. Les résultats montrent que les intentions de fécondité des mères d’un enfant ont une influence déterminante sur leur comportement reproductif futur. Les hypothèses de l’influence du statut socioéconomique de ces femmes et de la charge des tâches ménagères sur leur intention d’avoir un autre enfant et la réalisation de ce projet ont été testées : les auteures constatent que le statut socioéconomique affecte moins les intentions positives de fécondité que leur réalisation, et que la charge de travail domestique ne paraît pas avoir d’effet significatif.
The total fertility rate in Italy is well below replacement level but most women still plan to have two children. This gap between expressed fertility plans and observed reproductive behaviour ...warrants examination. The authors assess the correspondence between fertility intentions of women with one child and subsequent behaviour at micro level and highlight which characteristics affect both the formation of positive fertility intentions and their realization in the short run. Their analysis relies on an ad hoc dataset built by linking the 2002 edition of the Sample Survey on Births (where fertility intentions were asked) and the live births recorded in the Population Register from 2002 to 2008. The results clearly show that the fertility plans of women with one child play a crucial role in determining their subsequent reproductive behaviour. They tested the hypothesis that socioeconomic status and women's housework burden affects both the intentions to have another child and their realization among women with one child. Their findings suggest that socioeconomic status affects not so much the formation of positive fertility intentions but rather their realization, while women's housework burden does not display significant effects. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
En Italie, l'indice synthétique de fécondité est largement au-dessous du niveau de remplacement des générations, mais la plupart des femmes envisagent toujours d'avoir deux enfants. Il y a donc un ...décalage entre les intentions de fécondité et les comportements observés. Les auteures cherchent à évaluer, au niveau individuel, le degré de concordance entre les intentions de fécondité des mères d'un enfant et leur fécondité ultérieure, et à mettre en évidence quelles caractéristiques affectent à la fois les intentions positives de fécondité et leur réalisation à court terme. Cette analyse est élaborée à partir d'une base de données ad hoc construite en reliant l'édition 2002 de l'Enquête par sondage sur les naissances (où étaient recueillies les intentions de fécondité des mères) aux naissances vivantes inscrites dans le Registre de la population entre 2002 et 2008. Les résultats montrent que les intentions de fécondité des mères d'un enfant ont une influence déterminante sur leur comportement reproductif futur. Les hypothèses de l'influence du statut socioéconomique de ces femmes et de la charge des tâches ménagères sur leur intention d'avoir un autre enfant et la réalisation de ce projet ont été testées : les auteures constatent que le statut socioéconomique affecte moins les intentions positives de fécondité que leur réalisation, et que la charge de travail domestique ne paraît pas avoir d'effet significatif. The total fertility rate in Italy is well below replacement level but most women still plan to have two children. This gap between expressed fertility plans and observed reproductive behaviour warrants examination. The authors assess the correspondence between fertility intentions of women with one child and subsequent behaviour at micro level and highlight which characteristics affect both the formation of positive fertility intentions and their realization in the short run. Their analysis relies on an ad hoc dataset built by linking the 2002 edition of the Sample Survey on Births (where fertility intentions were asked) and the live births recorded in the Population Register from 2002 to 2008. The results clearly show that the fertility plans of women with one child play a crucial role in determining their subsequent reproductive behaviour. They tested the hypothesis that socioeconomic status and women's housework burden affects both the intentions to have another child and their realization among women with one child. Their findings suggest that socioeconomic status affects not so much the formation of positive fertility intentions but rather their realization, while women's housework burden does not display significant effects. En Italia, el índice sintético de fecundidad es ampliamente inferior al nivel de reemplazo de las generaciones, pero la mayor parte de las mujeres proyecta todavía tener dos hijos. Hay pues un desfase entre las intenciones de fecundidad y los comportamientos observados. Las autoras intentan evaluar, a nivel individual, el grado de concordancia entre las intenciones de fecundidad de las madres de un hijo y su fecundidad ulterior, así como descubrir las características que afectan simultáneamente las intenciones positivas de fecundidad y su realización a corto plazo. Este análisis es elaborado a partir de una base de datos ad hoc construida conectando la edición 2002 de la Encuesta por sondeo sobre los nacimientos (donde se recogían las intenciones de fecundidad de las madres) con los nacimientos inscritos en el Registro de población entre 2002 y 2008. Los resultados muestran que las intenciones de fecundidad de las madres de un hijo tienen una influencia determinante sobre su comportamiento reproductivo futuro. También se ha testado la influencia del estatuto socioeconómico y de la carga de trabajo doméstico sobre les intenciones de tener otro hijo y sobre la realización de ese proyecto: las autoras constatan que el estatuto afecta menos las intenciones positivas de fecundidad que su realización, y que la carga de trabajo doméstico no parece tener efectos significativos.
PDF
