Plant-based beverages are enriched by the fermentation process. However, their biocompounds are transformed during gastrointestinal digestion, improving their bioaccessibility, which is of primary ...importance when considering the associated health benefits. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion on phenolic compound bioaccessibility and antioxidant activity of novel Aloe vera juices fermented by probiotic Enterococcus faecium and Lactococcus lactis. Aloe vera juices were digested using the standardized static INFOGEST protocol. During digestion, phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP) were accessed. The digestion process was seen to significantly increase the total phenolic content of the fermented Aloe vera juices. The fermentation of Aloe vera increased the bioaccessibility of juice biocompounds, particularly for kaempferol, ellagic acid, resveratrol, hesperidin, ferulic acid, and aloin. The phenolics released during digestion were able to reduce the oxidative radicals assessed by ABTS and FRAP tests, increasing the antioxidant action in the intestine, where they are absorbed. The fermentation of Aloe vera by probiotics is an excellent process to increase the bioavailability of beverages, resulting in natural added-value functional products.
In bacterial infections, including urinary tract infections (UTIs), the gap between the development of new antimicrobials and antimicrobial resistance is dramatically increasing, especially in ...Gram-negative (Gram–) bacteria. All healthy products that can be used per se or that may be sources of antibacterial compounds should be considered in the fight against this major public health threat. In the present study, the phytochemical composition of Aloe vera extract was investigated by HPLC–MS/MS, and we further evaluated its antibacterial and antibiofilm formation activity against selected resistant Gram– bacteria involved in UTIs, namely, Achromobacter xylosoxidans 4892, Citrobacter freundii 426, Escherichia coli 1449, Klebsiella oxytoca 3003, Moraxella catarrhalis 4222, Morganella morganii 1543, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3057, and a reference strain E. coli ATCC 25922. Inhibition zones (IZs) of the extract were determined using the well diffusion method, minimum inhibitory (MIC), and bactericidal (MBC) concentration by the two-fold serial microdilution assay, and antibiofilm formation activity by the crystal violet attachment assay. Aloe-emodin and its derivatives were the major constituent (75.74%) of A. vera extract, the most important of them being aloesin (30.22%), aloe-emodin-diglucoside (12.58%), and 2′-p-methoxycoumaroylaloeresin B (9.64%). The minerals found in the extract were sulfur (S), silicon (Si), chlorine (Cl), potassium (K), and bromine (Br). Except for the clinical strain E. coli 1449, which was totally non-susceptible, A. vera demonstrated noteworthy antibacterial activity with MIC and MBC values ranging from 0.625 to 5 mg/mL and 5 to 10 mg/mL, respectively. A. vera also demonstrated dose-dependent antibacterial effects, and the reference strain E. coli ATCC 25922 was the most susceptible with MIC = 0.625 and IZ = 19 mm at 20 mg/mL. The antibiofilm formation potential of A. vera extract was strong at 2MIC and MIC (93–100% of biofilm formation inhibition), moderate at MIC/2 (32–41%), weak at MIC/4 (14–21%), and nil at MIC/8.
This work first showed that the skin-lightening effects of the leaf skin extracts of Aloe vera were significantly increased by the fermentation of Lactobacillus plantarum BN41. The fermented extract ...(BF) showed much higher antioxidant activities of DPPH scavenging effects and the reduction in intracellular ROS production than the water extract (BW), and even higher than Trolox as a positive control. High efficacy of the BF results was shown from the synergistic effects of higher elution of aloesin (2.96 ± 0.09 mg/g vs. 2.03 ± 0.02 mg/g in BF and BW, respectively) and bioactive substances from the fermentation processes. The inhibition of tyrosinase activities and melanin synthesis at 0.3% (w/v) optimal dosage of BF was much better than those of arbutin and aloesin, which are commercial skin-lightening ingredients. It was also first proved that BF effectively down-regulated all microphthalmia-associated transcription factors (MITF), tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TYRP-1) and TYRP-2, and tyrosinase (TYR) gene expression (p < 0.05), proposing melanogenesis inhibitory mechanism in the MITF/TYRP-1/TYRP-2/TYR pathway. However, aloesin and arbutin selectively suppressed the expression of TRYP-1, TRYP-2 or TYR. It was clearly demonstrated that the fermentation process reduces inherent cytotoxicity of aloe, showing much less cell cytotoxicity than BW. Conclusively, 0.3% (w/v) of the BF can be utilized as a competitive and sustainable natural skin-lightening ingredient.
Background: Application of biofertilizers is an appropriate replacement of harmful chemical fertilizers to fulfil the rising demands of herbal medicine. The main objective of this study was to ...establish a potent biofertilizer with the help of microbial consortia and observe their effects on the primary growth of Aloe barbadensis Mill. Methods: Rhizospheric soil of the plant Aloe barbadensis Mill. was taken and isolation, characterization and identification of the vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM) fungi, rhizospheric bacteria and the VAM fungal spore associated bacteria was done. To check the microbial effects on morphological parameters of the plant, a total number of eight experimental sets were prepared by using different microbial strains. Result: In our experiment, VAM+ABM1 treated plant set showed the significant responses in plant primary growth which can be used as a potent biofertilizer in more sustainable way.
This research article proposes the use of aloe gel as an adjunct in the control of weeds: Baccharis medullosa, Melochia villosa, Morphospecies, Mimosa pudica, and Cyperus rotundus sampled in the ...establishment of Brachiaria decumbens grass. This study was conducted in the municipality of Yopal Casanare, Colombia. A randomized block design was used, with 3 repetitions; the treatments had glyphosate concentrations T1:0.3 ml/L, T2: 0.5 ml/L and T3: 0.7 ml/L. The data were analyzed and statistically processed, normality tests were performed, Anova, Levene's and Tukey's test, by days of observation. It was determined that, in most of the species to be evaluated, the best treatment was T3, which contained a concentration of 0.7 ml/L of aloe gel as an adjuvant.
The substitution of artificial colorants for pigments extracted from fruits is a highly desirable strategy in the food industry for the manufacture of natural, functional, and safe products. In this ...work, a 100% natural spray-dried (SD) microencapsulated colorant of pink guava pulp, using aloe vera (AV) or Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) mucilage as functional encapsulating material, was prepared and evaluated as an additive into a yogurt (Y) matrix. The characterization of yogurt samples supplemented with OFI (Y-SD-OFI) and AV (Y-SD-AV) mucilage-covered guava pulp microcapsules was carried out through carotenoid quantification using UV–vis and HPLC–MS techniques, dietary fiber content, antioxidant capacity, colorimetry, and textural analysis, as well as by an evaluation of color stability after 25 days of storage at 4 °C in the dark. These physicochemical characteristics and color stability on the Y-SD-OFI and Y-SD-AV samples were compared with those of a commercial yogurt (control sample, Y-C) containing sunset yellow FCF synthetic colorant (E110). Y-SD-OFI and Y-SD-AV samples exhibited a high content of lycopene, dietary fiber, and antioxidant activity, which were absent in the control sample. Microencapsulated lycopene imparted a highly stable color to yogurt, contrary to the effect provided by the E110 dye in the control sample. The texture profile analysis revealed an increase in firmness, consistency, and cohesion in the Y-SD-OFI sample, contrary to the Y-SD-AV and Y-C samples, which was attributed to the variation in fiber concentration in the microcapsules. The incorporation of OFI and AV mucilage microparticles containing pink guava pulp into yogurt demonstrated its potential application as a functional natural colorant for dairy products.
Acrylic hydrogels have been used in agriculture to increase the availability of water in the soil; cause faster plant growth and increase plant survival to water stress; allow controlled release of ...fertilizers; and, therefore, increase crop yields. On the other hand, Aloe vera gel production generates a large amount of solid waste as cuticles, which is currently underutilized despite that it is a good source of cellulose nanofibers that could be used to improve the swelling capacity of commercial acrylic hydrogels. In this work, both morphology (SEM) and particle size (TEM) of the cellulose nanofibers obtained from A. vera cuticles by the acid hydrolysis method combined with ultrasound were analyzed; as well as the presence of functional groups (FITR) and thermal stability (TGA). Then, acrylic hydrogels were synthesized by the solution polymerization method, and nanofibers were added to these hydrogels at different concentrations (0% wwsup.−1 , 3% wwsup.−1 , 5% wwsup.−1 , and 10% wwsup.−1 ). These concentrations had a nonlinear relationship with the swelling capacity, and the hydrogel reinforced at 3% cellulose nanofiber was chosen as the best formulation in this work, as this one improved the swelling capacity of hydrogels at equilibrium (476 g Hsub.2 O g hydrogelsup.−1 ) compared to the hydrogel without nanofiber (310 g Hsub.2 O g hydrogelsup.−1 ), while hydrogels with 10% nanofiber had a similar swelling capacity to the non-reinforced hydrogel (295 Hsub.2 O g hydrogelsup.−1 ). Therefore, cellulose-based superabsorbent hydrogels with potential application in agriculture were developed in this work.
Guavas (Psidium guajava) are regarded as one of the most perishable commodities, primarily owing to their climacteric characteristics and heightened metabolic processes, resulting in a faster rate of ...softening. Edible coating is a natural ingredient that is employed as an alternative to extend the shelf life of fruits while also providing bioactive and functional compounds. Aloe vera gel is predominantly used for this purpose due to its widespread availability. Various concentrations of aloe vera-based coating formulation (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) were applied on fresh whole guava by dipping method. The guava was stored at a refrigerated condition (4°C) and weight loss, color, firmness, vitamin C, total phenol, and pH change were observed in this research. A significant effect of aloe vera coating was found over the storage period. Aloe vera treatment lowered the weight loss, and retarded the texture and color compared to the control sample throughout the 28 days of storage. Vitamin C and total phenol content remined high at 141.4 mg/100g and 219.6 mg GAE/100g respectively in a 100% aloe vera coated sample after 28 days of storage compared to the control. Among 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% aloe vera coated sample, 100% aloe vera was found to be the best coating material to prevent physical changes in fresh guava.
•The CS-ABM/MoF composite film was fabricated using a solution casting method.•The plasticizer of ABM improves the film's physicochemical properties.•Improved hydrophilicity to induce swelling ratio ...for biodegradability.•Enhance drug release (80 %) at 24 h for sustainable and control killing efficiency to cancer cells.•Zone of inhibition of S.aureus (ATCC33591) 21 ± 1.0 mm and E.coli (ATCC10536) 22 ± 1.4 mm.
Binary biodegradable polymers exhibit excellent functional behavior but the limited mechanical integrity for regulating drug release within the polymeric matrix, hence it needs modification in the polymer network to overcome the limitations. The compatibility of bipolymer blends with incorporation of drugs within their matrices to enhance physicochemical properties and drug delivery kinetics have garnered significant attention in recent research. Herein, we examine the influence of the film produced by the casting technique, which consists of chitosan (CS) and Aloe barbadensis miller (ABM) gel, embedded with moxifloxacin (MoF), on attenuating the breast cancer (MCF-7) cell line. Firstly, spectroscopy confirmed the intermolecular interactions between the matrixes and the grafting of components. Notably, the addition of ABM produces significant changes in the film properties, such as decreased elongation. The pivotal moment resulted in the generation of more stable films that displayed enhanced stability at temperatures below 200 °C, as confirmed by TGA analysis. Additionally, film surfaces exhibiting strong water affinity were found to be more favorable for cell adhesion, subsequently hindering the proliferation of compromised cells. Remarkably, the In vitro cytotoxicity study showed the antibiotic-grafted CS-ABM/MoF scaffolds exhibited high cell adhesion and improved the rate of cell death was higher compared to other films. The antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli results strongly suggests the enhanced antibiotic ability of the polymeric CS- ABM/MoF film. These results findings indicated that the CS- ABM/MoF scaffolds' hydrophilic surface significantly contributes to the improved cell adhesion efficiently used for biomedical applications.
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Abstract
The objective of the research was to identify suitable parameters for extraction of anthraquinone, and salicylic acid from Aloe (
Aloe barbadensis
Miller). The parameters were evaluated ...including ethanol concentration (99.5, 80.0, 50.0%), material/solvent ratio (50 g/50 mL, 50 g/100 mL, 50 g/150 mL, 50 g/200 mL), stirring speed (100, 200, 300, 400 rpm), temperature (40, 45, 50, 55°C), extraction time (10, 20, 30, 40 minutes). Optimum conditions for anthraquinone and salicylic acid extraction on a laboratory scale were the ratio of 1/2 (g/mL), 50°C, 20 minutes and 300 rpm for the ratio of material/solvent, extraction temperature, extraction time, stirring speed, respectively using ethanol 99.5% as solvent extraction. The maximum anthraquinone and salicylic acid content are 0.31 mg/mL and 2.03 mg/mL, respectively.
