"Arming East Asia: Deterring China in the Early Cold War examines President Eisenhower's mutual security program in East Asia and explains how that administration worked to contain China. This ...historical chronicle offers insights and perspectives regarding how to address Sino-American tensions and maintain a free and open Asia-Pacific. Eric Setzekorn argues that President Eisenhower expanded and solidified the U.S. presence in East Asia through use of military aid and military advisory efforts in sharp contrast to the use of U.S. military forces by Presidents Truman, Kennedy and Johnson. In South Korea, Taiwan, Japan, and Southeast Asia (particularly in Thailand and South Vietnam), the United States spent billions of dollars and significant time developing local military forces. By the end of Eisenhower's two terms, a force of over 1.4 million Allied soldiers in East Asia had been trained, equipped, and often paid through American milit
Le présent ouvrage collectif est le fruit de la réflexion d’une vingtaine de chercheurs et de spécialistes provenant de différents pays et diverses régions (Canada, Chine, France, Belgique, etc.), ...dont la plupart ont participé au colloque Rencontres et interculturalité entre l’Orient et l’Occident que la Faculté des lettres et des sciences humaines et le CELAT de l’Université Laval ont organisé en octobre 2018, en collaboration avec la Faculté d’histoire de l’Université Nankai en Chine. L’ouvrage se divise en cinq parties : Les missionnaires et les rencontres interculturelles ; La littérature, les médias et les échanges entre la Chine et la France ; Les échanges des connaissances scientifiques et les emprunts culturels réciproques ; Les Chinois d’outre-mer et l’adaptation culturelle ; Un regard croisé et la perception de l’autre : l’image de la Chine et de l’Occident. Il propose une réflexion sur les rencontres et les interactions interculturelles entre la Chine et l’Occident dans une perspective interdisciplinaire pour contribuer à l’avancement de la recherche dans ce domaine.
What does the state do when public expectations exceed
its governing capacity? The Performative State
shows how the state can shape public perceptions and defuse crises
through the theatrical ...deployment of language, symbols, and
gestures of good governance-performative governance.
Iza Ding unpacks the black box of street-level bureaucracy in
China through ethnographic participation, in-depth interviews, and
public opinion surveys. She demonstrates in vivid detail how
China's environmental bureaucrats deal with intense public scrutiny
over pollution when they lack the authority to actually improve the
physical environment. They assuage public outrage by appearing
responsive, benevolent, and humble. But performative governance is
hard work. Environmental bureaucrats paradoxically work themselves
to exhaustion even when they cannot effectively implement
environmental policies. Instead of achieving "performance
legitimacy" by delivering material improvements, the state can
shape public opinion through the theatrical performance of goodwill
and sincere effort.
The Performative State also explains when performative
governance fails at impressing its audience and when governance
becomes less performative and more substantive. Ding focuses on
Chinese evidence but her theory travels: comparisons with Vietnam
and the United States show that all states, democratic and
authoritarian alike, engage in performative governance.
Dr. Hu Shih (1891–1962) was one of China’s top scholars and diplomats and served as the Republic of China’s ambassador to the United States during World War II. As early as 1941, Hu Shih warned of ...the fundamental ideological conflict between dictatorial totalitarianism and democratic systems, a view that later became the foundation of the Cold War narrative. In the 1950s, after Mao’s authoritarian regime was established, Hu Shih started to analyze the development and nature of Communism, delivering a series of lectures and addresses to reveal what he called Stalin’s “grand strategy” for facilitating the International Communist Movement. For decades—and today to a certain extent—Hu Shih’s political writings were considered sensitive and even dangerous. As a strident critic of the Chinese Communist Party’s oligarchical practices, he was targeted by the CCP in a concerted national campaign to smear his reputation, cast aspersions on his writings, and generally destroy any possible influence he might have in China. This volume brings together a collection of Hu Shih’s most important, mostly unpublished, English-language speeches, interviews, and commentaries on international politics, China-U.S. relations, and the International Communist Movement. Taken together, these works provide an insider’s perspective on Sino-American relations and the development of the International Communist Movement over the course of the 20th century.
This study utilizes a wide range of new source materials to reconstruct the day-to-day operations of the port of Canton during the eighteenth and first half of the nineteenth centuries. Using a ...bottom-up approach, it provides a fresh look at the successes
Guilty of indigence Chen, Janet Y
2012., 20120124, 2012, 2012-01-24, 20120101
eBook
In the early twentieth century, a time of political fragmentation and social upheaval in China, poverty became the focus of an anguished national conversation about the future of the country. ...Investigating the lives of the urban poor in China during this critical era, Guilty of Indigence examines the solutions implemented by a nation attempting to deal with "society's most fundamental problem." Interweaving analysis of shifting social viewpoints, the evolution of poor relief institutions, and the lived experiences of the urban poor, Janet Chen explores the development of Chinese attitudes toward urban poverty and of policies intended for its alleviation.
Ban Wang traces the shifting concept of the Chinese state from the late nineteenth century to the present, showing how the Confucian notion of tianxia—“all under heaven”—influences China’s dedication ...to contributing to and exchanging with a common world.
Rivers of Iron Lampton, David M; Ho, Selina; Kuik, Cheng-Chwee
10/2020
eBook
In 2013, Chinese President Xi Jinping unveiled what would come to
be known as the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)-a global development
strategy involving infrastructure projects and associated ...financing
throughout the world, including Asia, Africa, the Middle East,
Europe, and the Americas. While the Chinese government has framed
the plan as one promoting transnational connectivity, critics and
security experts see it as part of a larger strategy to achieve
global dominance. Rivers of Iron examines one aspect of
President Xi Jinping's "New Era": China's effort to create an
intercountry railway system connecting China and its seven
Southeast Asian neighbors (Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar,
Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam). This book illuminates the
political strengths and weaknesses of the plan, as well as the
capacity of the impacted countries to resist, shape, and even take
advantage of China's wide-reaching actions. Using frameworks from
the fields of international relations and comparative politics, the
authors of Rivers of Iron seek to explain how domestic
politics in these eight Asian nations shaped their varying external
responses and behaviors. How does China wield power using
infrastructure? Do smaller states have agency? How should we
understand the role of infrastructure in broader development? Does
industrial policy work? And crucially, how should competing global
powers respond?
Following the failure of communist revolutions in Europe, in the
1920s the Soviet Union turned its attention to fostering
anticolonial uprisings in Asia. China, divided politically between
rival ...military factions and dominated economically by imperial
powers, emerged as the Comintern's prime target. At the same time,
a host of prominent figures in Soviet literature, film, and theater
traveled to China, met with Chinese students in Moscow, and placed
contemporary China on the new Soviet stage. They sought to
reimagine the relationship with China in the terms of socialist
internationalism-and, in the process, determine how
internationalism was supposed to look and feel in practice.
Internationalist Aesthetics offers a groundbreaking
account of the crucial role that China played in the early Soviet
cultural imagination. Edward Tyerman tracks how China became the
key site for Soviet debates over how the political project of
socialist internationalism should be mediated, represented, and
produced. The central figure in this story, the avant-garde writer
Sergei Tret'iakov, journeyed to Beijing in the 1920s and
experimented with innovative documentary forms in an attempt to
foster a new sense of connection between Chinese and Soviet
citizens. Reading across genres and media from reportage and
biography to ballet and documentary film, Tyerman shows how Soviet
culture sought an aesthetics that could foster a sense of
internationalist community. He reveals both the aspirations and the
limitations of this project, illuminating a crucial chapter in
Sino-Russian relations. Grounded in extensive sources in Russian
and Chinese, this cultural history bridges Slavic and East Asian
studies and offers new insight into the transnational dynamics that
shaped socialist aesthetics and politics in both countries.
The fact that Snow did not sneak into “red China" to gather information constituting the basis of his Red Start over China all alone is in many instances misunderstood even by scholars.Mao Zedong’s ...biography has been the subject of an international mountain of commentary in China and elsewhere. Biographies praising Mao and those slandering him are all based on the American journalist Edgar Snow’s (1905–1972) account in Red Star over China for the route Mao traveled from early childhood through his youth.How the “Red Star" Rose introduces the image of Mao and the biographical information made known to the world through the publication of Red Star, and with its publication the circumstances which they fundamentally undermined. Ishikawa Yoshihiro uses Mao Zedong as raw material to examine from whence and how ordinary historical information and images which we habitually use unconsciously come into being. He desires to help readers to reconsider the historicity of the generation of not only Mao’s image but of that of “historical materials."---With a title that evokes Gao Hua’s seminal study of Mao Zedong’s rise in the Chinese Communist Party, Ishikawa Yoshihiro asks two critical questions—What did the world know of Mao before the publication of Edgar Snow’s Red Star over China? How did Red Star change that understanding? With the meticulous research, careful documentation, and fair-minded judgment that characterizes all of Ishikawa’s work, he shows how little even Moscow and the Communist International knew about Mao before 1936. This study is full of unexpected insights into the origins of early visual images of Mao, the background to Snow’s historic trip to northern Shaanxi, and the evolution of the classic study that he left. In a world where balanced judgment of the rise of Mao is increasingly difficult to find, Ishikawa’s scholarship stands out as a rare model of judicious balance.—Joseph W. Esherick, Emeritus Professor, Hwei-chih and Julia Hsiu Chair in Chinese Studies, University of California, San DiegoThis book is, first, an exquisite excavation on the enabling infrastructures in the writing and publishing of one of the most iconic works in journalistic interviews in the 20th century, a text that broke through a wall of intelligence blockade to give to the world, in an autobiographical voice and with a striking image, the debut of the revolutionary Mao while holed up in a mountain base area. It is, in addition, a history of the reading of the book in multiple languages including Chinese that is indexed to the rise of the Mao cult thereafter. Ishikawa captures a moment of a past gearing up in anticipation of a future that never came. This book is a must-read for all with an interest in Mao, journalism, and the history of books.—Wen-hsin Yeh, Richard H. and Laurie C. Morrison Chair Professor in History, University of California, BerkeleyIshikawa offers a challenging reflection on how historical information and images that we take for granted come into being through the twin case studies of images of Mao Zedong before Edgar Snow’s famous biography in 1936 and then how Snow’s images of Mao were translated, and transmuted, into Chinese, Russian and Japanese. Joshua Fogel’s careful translation brings this impeccable example of Japanese sinology to the English reading public. —Timothy Cheek, Professor and Louis Cha Chair in Chinese Research, University of British Columbia
