Od Like do Šleske Balić, Juraj
Povijesni prilozi,
12/2021, Volume:
40, Issue:
61
Journal Article, Paper
Peer reviewed
Open access
Gotovo neprestano ratovanje koje se na europskom tlu odvijalo tijekom 18. stoljeća pružalo je brojne mogućnosti mladim i ambicioznim časnicima
koji su svoje vojne usluge stavljali na raspolaganje ...raznim europskim vladarima. Kao izvrstan primjer toga trenda može poslužiti slučaj Gideona Ernsta baruna Laudona (1717. – 1790.), časnika koji je vojnu karijeru započeo u Ruskom Carstvu, a potom prešao u službu habsburških vladara, gdje je ostvario nebrojene uspjehe na bojnom polju i dosegnuo sam vrh vojne hijerarhije. Laudon se pridružio habsburškim vojnim snagama u vrijeme Rata za austrijsku baštinu (1740. – 1748.) kao član Trenckova Pandurskoga dobrovoljačkog zbora, prilikom čega se bolje upoznao s vojnim umijećem „maloga rata”. Stečeno iskustvo proširio je nakon završetka toga sukoba kad mu je dodijeljen časnički položaj u Vojnoj krajini. Koristeći se vojnim umijećem i ratnim vještinama krajišnika, Laudon je ostvario znatne uspjehe u prvim godinama Sedmogodišnjega rata (1756. – 1763.), čime je započeo njegov nagli uspon
unutar habsburške vojne hijerarhije. U ovome radu razmatra se uloga krajišnika u Laudonovim vojnim pothvatima u spomenutom ratnom sukobu s ciljem utvrđivanja značenja te specifične skupine vojnika za Laudonov uspjeh na bojnom polju, kao i njihove važnosti u sklopu oružanih snaga Habsburške Monarhije.
Constant warfare throughout the
eighteenth century offered plentiful opportunities for young and aspiring
officers to advance their military and social positions by performing military
services for powerful European rulers. An example of this trend can be provided
by the case of Gideon Ernst, Baron von Laudon (1717 – 1790), who achieved
remarkable success in Habsburg service during the Seven Years’ War (1756 –
1763). Laudon began his military career in the service of the Romanovs, but
during the War of the Austrian Succession (1740 – 1748) he joined the Habsburg
armed forces eager to achieve further military experience and glory. He
acquired skill and knowledge of small war tactics during his service in
Trenck’s Pandour Free Corps. After the war ended, he was awarded a position in
the far south of the Habsburg Monarchy, in the Croatian Military Frontier,
where he accustomed himself to the military skills of the Grenzer. Upon the
outbreak of the Seven Year’s War Laudon led a Grenzer corps to Bohemia where the
Habsburg forces were trying to prevent the advance of the Prussians. The events
which followed marked the start of Laudon’s rapid ascension within the military
hierarchy. Throughout the years he continued to achieve fame and renown by
performing numerous military endeavours which inflicted serious damage on the
Prussian supply lines making a significant impact on the course of the war in
favour of the Habsburg side. Laudon and the Grenzer also participated in major
battles, such as Hochkirch and Kunersdorf, as well as assaults on strongholds
such as Landeshut and Schweidnitz. The utilization of the unique fighting
skills of the Grenzer and small war tactics proved an important factor in
Laudon’s rise within the military circles of the Habsburg Monarchy.
The central purpose of this paper is to analyze the participation of the people from Sinj and from Cetina Border in the Venetian overseas ground forces (infantry and cavalry units) in the 18th ...century. It analyzes the original source material kept in Archivio di Stato di Venezia – the lists of members of particular military units made by the competent magistracy (Inquisitori sopra l’amministrazione dei pubblici ruoli). The introduction provides general information on the Venetian overseas troops in Eastern Adriatic, while the central part of the paper analyzes the specific examples of the Sinj and Cetina Border soldiers in the Venetian ground forces. The analysis is focused on their overall numbers in the 18th century, the frequency of their mention in the sources, general information on their unit commanders, places of deployment, and some general characteristics of the soldiers of the period (age, stature etc.). The appendix to the paper contains a complete list of the people from Sinj and Cetina Border (based on the research carried out so far) recorded in the Venetian armed forces.
In the 18th century, Dalmatia was a poor province of the once strong Venetian Republic, on whose territory some of the largest and most destructive Venetian-Ottoman wars were fought. These wars ...changed the territory, population, customs and religion. The population of Dalmatia, specifically Dalmatian Zagora (Hinterland), also endured that period, while also firmly defending their material, social, cultural and spiritual well-being. The Morlach population lived in their spirituality by believing in the Christian God, but also by practicing a variety of superstitious customs.
U današnjem digitalnom svijetu, obilježenom globalizacijom i brzim prijenosom informacija na izvanredne udaljenosti, društveni i javni položaj historiografije – koja se našla u novim uvjetima bez ...presedana – dovedeni su u pitanje, posebno kada je riječ o izazovima popularizacije povijesti. Unutar niza pitanja koja popularizacija povijesti otvara, moguće je izdvojiti manju cjelinu koja nas ovdje zanima - lokalnu povijesti i njezinu prezentaciju. U ovom radu predstavit će se izazovi i mogućnosti popularizacije znanstveno utemeljenih spoznaja historiografije na primjeru senjske povijesti i projekta Bulwark of Europe.
U sklopu austrijskih oružanih snaga krajišnici su uživali višestoljetnu reputaciju
kao kvalitetni i odani vojnici. Taj ugled trebali su još jednom potvrditi 1859. godine kada
je izbio ...Austrijsko-sardinijski rat ili Drugi rat za talijansko ujedinjenje. Pažnja ovoga
rada usredotočena je upravo na ulogu jedne konkretne skupine krajišnika – pripadnika
Otočke krajiške pukovnije br. 2 – u ovome sukobu. Na temelju raznovrsne izvorne građe
rekonstruirao se ratni put otočkih krajišnika kako bi se dočaralo njihovo ratno iskustvo,
kao i pobliže razmotrilo pitanje njihove pouzdanosti i učinkovitosti kao vojnika u službi
habsburškog vladara.
U radu se na temelju vojnog popisa Hrvatske i Primorske krajine iz 1712. godine donosi pregled i analiza strukture Senjske natkapetanije. Rekonstruira se brojčano stanje i vojni sastav te ...hijerahijski prikazuje njezino ustrojstvo po raznim uočenim sektorima i odredima. Analizira se financijska konstrukcija, plaće vojnog osoblja i vojnika te opisuju vojne obveze i elementi vojničkoga života. Također se rekonstruiraju i poveznice gradskog stanovništva Senja i njenih plemićkih, patricijskih i građanskih obitelji s vršenjem određenih elemenata vojne službe tijekom proučavanog perioda.
This study shows the link between land use, landscape changes, and ecosystem services. Two pilot areas were investigated for how land use changes from 1824 to 2013 affect the provision of ecosystem ...services. It was found that low-intensity managed traditional land use is disappearing due to the intensification of agricultural production on the one hand, and the retreat of agriculture from unfavorable areas on the other hand. However, such traditional land use contributes to more diverse and more numerous ecosystem services and helps preserve the cultural landscape. Therefore, intensification and overgrowth should be restricted, and less intensive agriculture should be encouraged. The approach presented can be used as a support tool for decision-making in managing and governing landscapes.
This book presents an evidence-based approach to landscape planning and design for urban blue spaces that maximises the benefits to human health and well-being while minimising the risks. Based on ...applied research and evidence from primary and secondary data sources stemming from the EU-funded BlueHealth project, the book presents nature-based solutions to promote sustainable and resilient cities. Numerous cities around the world are located alongside bodies of water in the form of coastlines, lakes, rivers and canals, but the relationship between city inhabitants and these water sources has often been ambivalent. In many cities, water has been polluted, engineered or ignored completely. But, due to an increasing awareness of the strong connections between city, people, nature and water and health, this paradigm is shifting. The international editorial team, consisting of researchers and professionals across several disciplines, leads the reader through theoretical aspects, evidence, illustrated case studies, risk assessment and a series of validated tools to aid planning and design before finishing with overarching planning and design principles for a range of blue-space types. Over 200 full-colour illustrations accompany the case-study examples from geographic locations all over the world, including Portugal, the United Kingdom, China, Canada, the US, South Korea, Singapore, Norway and Estonia. With green and blue infrastructure now at the forefront of current policies and trends to promote healthy, sustainable cities, Urban Blue Spaces is a must-have for professionals and students in landscape planning, urban design and environmental design. Open Access for the book was funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 666773
PDF
