Author of the masterpieces Animal Farm and Nineteen Eighty-Four, George Orwell, the nom de plume of Eric Arthur Blair, experienced, explored and explained some of the defining political, economic and ...social traumas of his time - predicaments that have, and will always be, part of Mans infatuation with power and power politics. Orwells experiences of colonial exploitation in Burma, extreme poverty in Paris, London and the industrial North, and the horrors of ideological deceit and betrayal d.
The publication of Anthony Bourdain's memoir Kitchen Confidential: Adventures in the Culinary Underbelly marked a turning point in the representation of chefs and cooks in popular media. Bourdain, ...although by no means the first celebrity chef, introduced a new image, what I call the "chef underground." The kitchen is a space of labor exploitation. Yet, for those travelers in the chef underground it allowed for a transient existence, relatively free from outside scrutiny and normative expectations of behavior. By detailing these alternative social and cultural dispositions--and aligning himself with them--Bourdain constructed a unique antiestablishment persona for himself as well as rendered the nebulous group of outsider chefs and cooks legible in mainstream culture. Drawing on the work of Jose Esteban Munoz, I argue that, prior to the publication of Kitchen Confidential, the professional kitchen functioned in a utopian manner by providing a space in which alternative, antisocial ways of being offered a refuge from dominant notions of proper subjecthood. Through ethnographic fieldwork in a restaurant featured on Bourdain's television show No Reservations, I aim to understand how Bourdain's exposure of the chef underground affects those in professional kitchens and if this once utopian space offers a way of recuperating an alternative temporality.
In this paper I analyse the neologisms used in four dystopian novels--Aldous Huxley's Brave New World (1932), George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949), Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale (1985) ...and Dave Eggers's The Circle (2013)--from a morphological point of view. Lexical innovation is accounted for in the light of three criteria: types of neologisms according to morphological analysis, fields of use, and motivations for their creation. It is concluded that the shared reasons behind the use of neologisms built by means of word-formation devices (derivation, composition and shortening) are basically pragmatic and manipulative, and that, as part of discourse, the new lexical items thus created become efficient tools, since they provide a hint of authenticity in the fictional worlds portrayed and contribute to the critical and didactic quality of dystopian narrative. Keywords: dystopia, manipulation, morphology, neologisms, realism. El objetivo de este artículo es llevar a cabo un análisis de los neologismos empleados en cuatro novelas distópicas--Brave New World (1932) de Aldous Huxley, Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949) de George Orwell, The Handmaid's Tale (1985) de Margaret Atwood y The Circle (2013) de Dave Eggers--desde un punto de vista morfológico. La innovación léxica se estudiará teniendo en cuenta tres criterios: tipos de neologismos de acuerdo con su análisis morfológico, con sus esferas de uso y con las motivaciones para su creación. Se concluye que las razones que estas obras comparten para emplear neologismos construidos por medio de mecanismos de formación de palabras (derivación, composición y abreviación) son básicamente pragmáticas y manipulativas, y que, como parte del discurso, los nuevos elementos léxicos se convierten en herramientas eficientes, ya que proporcionan autenticidad a los mundos ficticios que se presentan y contribuyen al carácter crítico y didáctico de la narrativa distópica. Palabras clave: distopía, manipulación, morfología, neologismos, realismo.
In this biographical memoir, introduced by his colleague John Rodden, Peter Davison recalls his service in the film production agency of Great Britain during World War II, and offers thoughts on ...George Orwell.
Este artículo consiste en una interpretación de la novela 1984 de George Orwell desde los conceptos de la Ética de la información de Luciano Floridi, quien argumenta a favor del rol del agente moral ...en relación a su contribución al crecimiento y fortalecimiento del entorno informacional de la Infosfera, pero, además, reconoce que cualquier acción que afecte negativamente a la Infosfera en su conjunto puede incrementar el nivel de entropía. Según nuestra investigación, en el ecosistema informacional de la sociedad de Oceanía en 1984, el rol del agente moral es relevante, debido a que una actitud responsable y cuidadosa sobre cómo utilizar los objetos informacionales (el diario de Winston, los libros, los archivos, la telepantalla, la neolengua, el hablaescribe, etc.), provocará la prosperidad del entorno informacional y, por lo tanto, no causará la entropía (la destrucción o la corrupción de dichas entidades informacionales). No obstante, como se aprecia en 1984, los objetos informacionales mencionados son sometidos a mecanismos de manipulación que incrementan la entropía, con el único fin de controlar la forma de actuar de las personas. = Abstract: This article consists of an interpretation of the novel 1984 by George Orwell from the concepts of Ethics of Information by Luciano Floridi, who argues in favor of the role of the moral agent in relation to his contribution to the growth and strengthening of the informational environment of the Infosphere, but also recognizes that any action that negatively affects the Infosphere as a whole can increase the level of entropy. According to our research, in the informational ecosystem of Oceania society in 1984, the role of the moral agent is relevant, because a responsible and careful attitude about how to use informational objects (Winston’s diary, books, archives, the telescreen, Newspeak, speak-write, etc.), will bring about the prosperity of the informational environment and, therefore, will not cause entropy (the destruction or corruption of informational entities). However, as seen in 1984, the aforementioned informational objects are subjected to manipulation mechanisms that increase entropy, with the sole purpose of controlling the way people act.
This book is a searing critique of today's immigration systems. Former barrister Steve Cohen declares that these systems are deeply flawed, and takes a fresh look at the ethical and political ...problems that surround this controversial subject. Cohen proposes that current immigration controls are so inherently racist and irrational that they require the creative dystopian ideas contained within George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four to adequately describe them. He seeks to understand the irrationality of these controls - complete with their own brand of newspeak, doublethink, memory holes and thought police - and undertakes an incisive critique of immigration controls, revealing the nightmare world in which refugees, migrants and immigrants find themselves. The book also scrutinizes the latest developments in UK immigration legislation and compares and contrasts the UK experience with that of other countries. Deportation is Freedom! is a lively yet thought-provoking read that will captivate anyone who cares about the immigration systems that are shaping our world today. It will be of particular interest to social workers, lawyers, social policy makers and all people politically engaged in immigration campaigning.
George Orwell in our time Sahoo, Braja Kishore
Language in India,
06/2016, Volume:
16, Issue:
6
Journal Article
George Orwell (1903-1950) occupies a significant place in the English literary imagination. A political and cultural commentator, as well as an accomplished novelist, Orwell is one of the most ...widely-read essayists of the 20th century. He is best remembered for his two novels written towards the end of his life: Animal Farm (1945) and Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949). In this paper I intend to focus on some of his representative essays and non-fiction writings to suggest that Orwell is very much alive to the vital issues of our time through his extensive range of interests ranging from politics, war, and sports, to issues such as language and literature. We can say that history has treated him well, proving him right about the key issues of the twentieth century. In the bipolar political climate of the 1930s and 1940s, when intellectuals on the left and right were getting ready to confront the evils of totalitarianism and fascism, Orwell saw that the choice between Stalinism and fascism was in fact no choice at all, that the real struggle was between freedom and tyranny.
During the Spanish Civil War, cinema became one of the most powerful weapons of propaganda. The music of the films, full of anthems and political references, was an essential tool for displaying the ...documentary's intentions and for influencing spectators’ reactions. Between 1936 and 1939, there was a surge in the production of documentaries targeting international audiences, as they were an invaluable resource for engaging the European countries that had signed the Non-Intervention Agreement against involvement in the Spanish conflict. The objective of this article is to analyse the music of the documentaries set in Spain that were exhibited internationally during the years of the war. We will study the politically tendentious uses of anthems and popular songs on the soundtracks, as well as the importance of the figure of the composer – for those documentaries with original music – attending to the social and political circumstances surrounding their participation in the production.
Animal Farm Antecedent? Mealing, F Mark
Notes and queries,
03/2020, Volume:
67, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Mealing focuses on the children's book, The Animals on Strike & Other Tales arranged by Edith Carrington illustrated by F. M Cooper. He says that the book appears to contain nascent elements of ...George Orwell's Animal Farm. The title story describes an ill-run farm with cruel farmer John Shane who regularly abuses his animals. They join in rebellion, meeting and discussing their issues and tactics in open assembly.
In
Nineteen Eighty-Four
Orwell imagines a world in which tragedy and the kinds of human value on which (in Orwell’s view) it depends have ceased to be possible. The novel’s principal character, ...Winston Smith, sees them as belonging to an earlier era of private and unquestioning loyalties. However, fully to register the
impossibility
of tragedy involves seeing the novel as representing not merely an attempt on Winston’s part to disrupt an oppressive system that
happens
to fail (for tragic value might still attach to the attempt), but as showing a world in which failure has ceased to be meaningful. This situation is ensured in the world of the novel by the operation of an official doctrine that can be described as idealism on a materialist base. The Party insists that perception constitutes reality, and can be remoulded by the Party’s command of psychologically expert forms of mind-reading and mind-control. This psychological expertise relates to several features of the novel (such as the salience of dreams), and points to the possibility that the novel does not show a serious attempt to challenge the Party’s regime, but only its normal functioning.
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