Relations between the public and holders of political authority are in a period of transformative flux. On the one side, new expectations and meanings of citizenship are being entertained and ...occasionally acted upon. On the other, an inexorable impoverishment of mainstream political communication is taking place. This book argues that the Internet has the potential to improve public communications and enrich democracy, a project that requires imaginative policy-making. This argument is developed through three stages: first exploring the theoretical foundations for renewing democratic citizenship, then examining practical case studies of e-democracy, and finally, reviewing the limitations of recent policies designed to promote e-democracy and setting out a radical, but practical proposal for an online civic commons: a trusted public space where the dispersed energies, self-articulations and aspirations of citizens can be rehearsed, in public, within a process of ongoing feedback to the various levels and centers of governance: local, national and transnational.
Au-delà des discours entendus en termes de crise de vocation des jeunes citoyens à la politique conventionnelle, cet ouvrage rend compte, à travers une enquête statistique et qualitative inédite, des ...parcours biographiques de jeunes maires, de la socialisation politique acquise au cours de l’enfance jusqu’aux premiers faits d’arme et à l’exercice du mandat. À un âge de la vie marqué par une instabilité statutaire et par de nouvelles obligations dans le domaine familial ou professionnel, l’enquête réalisée souligne la difficile conciliation entre les différentes sphères de vie du jeune élu, ce qui contribue à accroître les principes de sélection sociale et les inégalités de genre, de classe et d’origine dans l’accès à cette fonction. Elle ouvre également des perspectives sur le statut de l’élu, l’accès à la formation et les indemnités de fonction pour impulser le nécessaire renouvellement générationnel de l’accès à la démocratie représentative et favoriser la recherche d’une plus grande diversité des profils dans la participation des citoyens à la décision politique.
What is the state? The State of Freedom offers an important new take on this classic question by exploring what exactly the state did and how it worked. Patrick Joyce asks us to re-examine the ...ordinary things of the British state from dusty government files and post offices to well-thumbed primers in ancient Greek and Latin and the classrooms and dormitories of public schools and Oxbridge colleges. This is also a history of the 'who' and the 'where' of the state, of the people who ran the state, the government offices they sat in and the college halls they dined in. Patrick Joyce argues that only by considering these things, people and places can we really understand the nature of the modern state. This is both a pioneering new approach to political history in which social and material factors are centre stage, and a highly original history of modern Britain.
Abstract Constant policy growth can overburden bureaucracies if implementation capacities are not expanded in lockstep with policy production. This development may undermine policy effectiveness and ...hence the long‐term legitimacy of democracies. This article provides a systematic analysis of this phenomenon. We demonstrate that (i) overburdening is a general trend in advanced democracies; (ii) the extent of overburdening varies by the institutional context in which policy makers operate; and that, in consequence, (iii) countries' bureaucracies differ in their distance (or closeness) to the “tipping point” after which additional policies do more harm than good. We provide information on the ratio between the policies up for implementation and the bureaucratic capacities available for 21 OECD countries over a period of 45 years (1976–2020), focusing on the areas of environmental and social policy as two major areas of governmental intervention. Bayesian analyses and background interviews serve to illuminate the reasons for and consequences of overburdened bureaucracies.
La transformation économique du Nordeste brésilien au cours des deux dernières décennies, une région souvent associée à la pauvreté, a été profondément influencée par le programme de transfert de ...revenus Bolsa Família. Dans « LA politique de la pauvreté », nous plongeons dans la dynamique de mise en œuvre et des utilisations politiques de ce programme au niveau local, offrant une analyse détaillée résultant de recherches ethnographiques sur les interactions qui relient les pauvres urbains du Nordeste à la société face aux défis contemporains de la régulation de la pauvreté. Ce livre explore les différents défis auxquels sont confrontées des politiques comme le Bolsa Família dans le monde entier. Existe-t-il des règles informelles que les citoyens doivent observer pour accéder à ces politiques publiques ? Comment les pauvres, en accédant à ces institutions, se perçoivent-ils : comme des titulaires légitimes de droits ou comme des bénéficiaires de faveurs ? Que révèlent les interactions entre les citoyens et les agents locaux responsables de la mise en œuvre des politiques sociales sur la société brésilienne ? Ce livre montre comment l'accès aux droits sociaux et l'exercice des droits politiques au Brésil sont limités par des pratiques construites et légitimées pour réguler la vie des personnes en situation de pauvreté.
This book explores the shift from colonial rule to independence in India and Pakistan, with the aim of unravelling the explicit meaning and relevance of 'independence' for the new citizens of India ...and Pakistan during the two decades post 1947. While the study of postcolonial South Asia has blossomed in recent years, this volume addresses a number of imbalances in this dynamic and highly popular field. Firstly, the histories of India and Pakistan after 1947 have been conceived separately, with many scholars assuming that the two states developed along divergent paths after independence. Thus, the dominant historical paradigm has been to examine either India or Pakistan in relative isolation from one another. Viewing the two states in the same frame not only allows the contributors of this volume to explore common themes, but also facilitates an exploration of the powerful continuities between the pre- and post-independence periods.
A vida no guichê é o trabalho quotidiano da administração, um universo aparentemente de rotina e anonimato, mas cujo equilíbrio é precário e cujos protagonistas não podem nunca ser reduzidos aos ...papéis padronizados que a instituição espera que eles adotem. A vida no guichê é também feita de identidades que se recompõem, de vidas singulares que se contam e as quais, de uma certa maneira, são determinadas no secreto de uma cabine de atendimento de um órgão administrativo. "A Vida no Guichê: Administrar a Miséria, de Vincent Dubois, finalmente traduzida para língua portuguesa, assume o caráter de um divisor de águas, apontando caminhos para a análise crítica das interações que dão concretude à implementação de políticas públicas, e chamando a atenção para suas interfaces com processos mais amplos de reprodução de desigualdades e da dominação das classes subalternas" (G. Lotta e R. Pires) "Pelo que representa em matéria de produção de um ponto de vista científico-social inovador sobre os encontros que se estabelecem entre agentes sociais e instituições, pelo que transmite sobre o modo de construir um tal ponto de vista em termos teóricos e metodológicos, A Vida no Guichê: Administrar a Miséria tem, agora, condições renovadas e atualizadas para continuar a atrair a atenção da comunidade científica lusófona e para inspirar o apuramento da respetiva razão sociológica." (M. Cunha e V. B. Pereira)
Behavioral public administration is the analysis of public administration from the micro-level perspective of individual behavior and attitudes by drawing on insights from psychology on the behavior ...of individuals and groups. The authors discuss how scholars in public administration currently draw on theories and methods from psychology and related fields and point to research in public administration that could benefit from further integration. An analysis of public administration topics through a psychological lens can be useful to confirm, add nuance to, or extend classical public administration theories. As such, behavioral public administration complements traditional public administration. Furthermore, it could be a two-way street for psychologists who want to test the external validity of their theories in a political-administrative setting. Finally, four principles are proposed to narrow the gap between public administration and psychology.
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