This article presents a photovoltaic (PV)-battery and wind driven doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based grid-connected system with an improved multifunctional control scheme for grid-side ...converter (GSC). A three-stage improved reduced-order multiple integrator control is used to maintain the reactive power into the grid as well as it regulates the dc-link voltage across the GSC. The grid side control improves power quality in different abnormal conditions. Moreover, it behaves in such a way that it reduces the rise time, the maximum peak overshoot, as well as the settling time during the transients. The rotor side converter is used to provide the required amount of reactive power using the field-oriented control, for the wind power generator (WPG). A DFIG is used as a WPG. The single-stage PV array and a battery with bidirectional converter are connected to the common dc link of the GSC. The battery helps to extract the maximum wind power in light load conditions. The charging and discharging of the battery depend on the renewable energy generation and load demand. The dynamic behavior is improved by adding a PV feedforward term with the total active load current component. Here, the stator current total harmonic distortion (THD) and grid current THD are maintained as per the IEEE standard. Simulated and test results show the performance of the developed system in different dynamic conditions, such as load unbalancing, changes in PV insolation, and change in speed from the cut-in to cut-out speeds of the wind turbine. Moreover, these results show the battery behavior during different dynamic conditions.
Na temelju provedenog terenskog istraživanja pojavnosti nasilja nad Romkinjama u romskim obiteljima, kao i njihovih uvjerenja i stavova o nasilju nad Romkinjama u romskim obiteljima koje je bilo ...provedeno na uzroku od 350 Romkinja koje žive na području 12 izoliranih romskih naselja na području Međimurske županije, upotrebom logističke regresijske analize izrađena su tri prediktivna modela profila Romkinje kao žrtve obiteljskog nasilja u romskoj obitelji. Aplikativni cilj istraživanja bio je usmjeren prema pomoći nadležnim zdravstvenim i socijalnim službama, kako bi na vrijeme mogle usmjeriti fokus svojeg rada prema onim Romkinjama kao korisnicama koje su pod većim rizikom od izloženosti nasilju. U prvom modelu, koji je uključivao samo sociodemografske karakteristike ispitanica, od prediktora izloženosti Romkinja obiteljskom nasilju unutar Romske obitelji prema Waldovu testu značajnosti koeficijenata kao statistički značajni izdvojeni su starija životna dob (OR 1,848, p - 0,007), veća materijalna deprivacija (OR 2,345, p - 0,021) i ranija dob rađanja prvog djeteta prije 16. godine života (OR 7,962, p - 0,004). Proširenjem modela sa stavovima i predrasudama o nasilju nad ženom uz već izdvojene značajni prediktore kao što su mlađa životna dob (OR 1,760, p - 0,015), ranija dob rađanja prvog djeteta (OR 8,210, p - 0,003) i ranija dob zasnivanja obitelji (OR 0,305, p - 0,048, kao najsnažniji prediktor izdvojena su uvjerenja i stavovi o nasilju (OR 1,957, p - 0,002), pri čemu Romkinje s većim stupnjem prihvaćanja predrasuda o nasilju imaju i veću šansu da budu žrtve nasilja. Konačno, uvođenjem kao nezavisne varijable i izloženost nasilju u djetinjstvu i to po pojedinim oblicima zlostavljanja (tjelesnom, psihičkom, seksualnom i ekonomskom), dobiven je prediktivni model koji se pokazao statistički značajnim (p < .01), a koji je od sva tri modela najbolje predviđao vrijednosti zavisne varijable, pri čemu su od prediktora bili značajni ranija dob rađanja prvog djeteta (OR 7,955, p - 0,041), ranija dob zasnivanja obitelji (OR 0,106, p - 0,017), veća brojnosti djece na skrbi (OR 3,087, p - 0,049) i izloženost tjelesnom (OR 14,560, p-0,001), ekonomskom (OR 4,728, p - 0,049) i psihičkom (OR 8,088, p - 0,000) nasilju u djetinjstvu. Izloženost nasilju u djetinjstvu toliko je snažan prediktor da njegovim uvođenjem u model stavovi o nasilju, odnosno veća sklonost prihvaćanja predrasuda o nasilju nad ženom te veća materijalna deprivacija gube prediktorsku snagu, čime je direktno potvrđena pretpostavka da su Romkinje koje su bile žrtve nasilja u djetinjstvu pod višestruko većim rizikom od bivanja žrtvom nasilja u odrasloj dobi.
Roma families, as well as their beliefs and attitudes toward violence against Roma women in Roma families conducted on the sample of 350 Roma women living in 12 isolated Roma settlements in Međimurje County, by using logistic regression analysis, three predictive profiles of Roma women as victims of gender violence in Roma families were made. The applicable goal of the research is aimed at helping health and social services further shift the focus of their work towards the Roma women beneficiaries who are at higher risk of exposure to violence. In the first model, which included only the socio-demographic characteristics of respondents according to Wald’s test of significance of coefficients, older age (OR 1,848, p-0,007), higher material deprivation (OR 2,345, p-0.021) and the earlier age of birth of the first child (OR 7.962, p-0.004) were singled out as statistically significant from the predictors of Roma women’s exposure to domestic violence within Roma families. Extending the model with attitudes and prejudices about violence against women with the previously highlighted significant predictors, such as younger age (OR 1,760, p-0,015), earlier age of first child (OR 8,210, p-0,003) and earlier age of starting a family (OR 0.305, p-0.048), beliefs and attitudes toward violence were singled out as the strongest predictor(OR 1,957, p 0,002). Roma women with a higher degree of acceptance of prejudice about violence are also more likely to be victims of violence. Finally, the introduction of exposure to childhood violence through individual forms of abuse (physical, psychological, sexual and economic) as an independent variable resulted in a prediction model that proved to be the most statistically significant (p <.01), and out of all three models best predicted the values of the dependent variable, where the predictors were significant earlier age of birth of the first child (OR 7,955, p-0,041), earlier age of starting a family (OR 0,106, p-0,017), higher number of children in care (OR 3,087, p-0,049) and greater exposure to physical (OR 14,560, p-0.001), economic (OR 4,728, p-0,049) and psychological (OR 8,088, p-0,000) childhood violence. Exposure to domestic violence is such a strong predictor that by introducing it into the model, attitudes toward violence, i.e. a higher tendency to accept prejudices about violence against women and greater material deprivation, lose their predictive power. This directly confirms the assumption that Roma women who were victims of childhood violence are at a much higher risk of being a victim of adult violence.
The Jewish community of Rome is the oldest Jewish community in
Europe. It is also the Jewish community with the longest continuous
history, having avoided interruptions, expulsions, and
annihilations ...since 139 BCE. For most of that time, Jewish Romans
have lived in close contact with the largest continuously
functioning international organization: the Roman Catholic Church.
Given the church's origins in Judaism, Jews and Catholics have
spent two thousand years negotiating a necessary and paradoxical
relationship. With engaging stories that illuminate the history of
Jews and Jewish-Catholic relations in Rome, Intimate
Strangers investigates the unusual relationship between Jews
and Catholics as it has developed from the first century CE to the
present in the Eternal City. Fredric Brandfon innovatively frames
these relations through an anthropological lens: how the idea and
language of family have shaped the self-understanding of both Roman
Jews and Catholics. The familial relations are lopsided, the
powerful family member often persecuting the weaker one; the church
ghettoized the Jews of Rome longer than any other community in
Europe. Yet respect and support are also part of the family
dynamic-for instance, church members and institutions protected
Rome's Jews during the Nazi occupation-and so the relationship
continues. Brandfon begins by examining the Arch of Titus and the
Jewish catacombs as touchstones, painting a picture of a Jewish
community remaining Jewish over centuries. Papal processions and
the humiliating races at Carnival time exemplify Jewish
interactions with the predominant Catholic powers in medieval and
Renaissance Rome. The Roman Ghetto, the forcible conversion of
Jews, emancipation from the Ghetto in light of Italian nationalism,
the horrors of fascism and the Nazi occupation in Rome, the Second
Vatican Council proclamation absolving Jews of murdering Christ,
and the celebration of Israel's birth at the Arch of Titus are
interwoven with Jewish stories of daily life through the centuries.
Intimate Strangers takes us on a compelling sweep of two
thousand years of history through the present successes and
dilemmas of Roman Jews in postwar Europe.
Prvi rezultati popisa stanovništva 2021. donose podatke o broju kućanstava, broju stanova, broju popisanih osoba i broju stanovnika na razini naselja. Uspoređujući podatke za romska naselja Parag i ...Piškorovec u Međimurskoj županiji s podacima prethodnog popisa, uočava se značajan porast njihova broja stanovnika. Međutim, kad se u obzir uzmu podaci prirodnog kretanja stanovništva, u navedenim naseljima dolazi se do zaključka da je u njima popisom zabilježeno puno manje stanovnika od očekivanog. Kao odgovor na pitanje zašto je popisom zabilježeno manje stanovnika od očekivanog, moguća su dva zaključka. Prvi zaključak je da u navedenim naseljima tijekom provedbe popisa stanovništva nisu popisani svi stanovnici. Drugi zaključak ukazuje na moguće značajne promjene u migracijskim obilježjima romskog stanovništva, odnosno pojavu intenzivne emigracije iz najvećih romskih naselja.
Comparing and contrasting speeches attributed to barbarian leaders by ancient Roman historians, this book offers a systematic examination of the ways in which those historians valorized foreigners ...and presented criticisms of their own society.
Romsko stanovništvo živi na hrvatskim područjima od druge polovine XIV. st. Vlasti na hrvatskim područjima započele su krajem XVIII. st. s popisivanjem romskog stanovništva kako bi na temelju tih ...demografskih podataka razumjele položaj Roma. Brojni metodološki problemi prilikom popisivanja Roma predstavljali su određeni izazov hrvatskim vlastima koje su tu metodologiju popisivanja nastojale unaprijediti za vrijeme prvih moderno provedenih popisa stanovništva od 1880. godine. Istraživanjem je obuhvaćena analiza demografskih obilježja romskog stanovništva na sisačko-banovinskom području u razdoblju od 1890. do 1910., ponajprije njihov broj i prostorni razmještaj, vjerska struktura, obrazovna struktura (pismenost) i spolna struktura. Izbor razdoblja temeljio se na dostupnosti arhivske građe iz triju popisa stanovništva koji su provedeni u ovom razdoblju, a koji se čuvaju u Hrvatskom državnom arhivu.
Romsko stanovništvo prisutno je na području Hrvatskog zagorja vjerojatno od druge polovice XIV. st. Odnos vlasti i stanovništva prema Romima ovdje je bio sličan kao i na drugim hrvatskim područjima, ...što je nerijetko značio politiku represivne asimilacije. Takva politika prema Romima posebno je bila izražena za vrijeme Drugoga svjetskog rata kada su ih ustaške vlasti progonile. U ljeto 1941. bio je proveden popis Roma u Hrvatskom zagorju, kao i u drugim dijelovima NDH, a prikupljeni podaci pomogli su ustaškim vlastima u provođenju sustavne deportacije Roma iz Hrvatskog zagorja u jasenovački koncentracijski logor, gdje je većina njih mučena i ubijena.
The Roma population has probably been present in the area of Hrvatsko Zagorje since the second half of the 14th Century. The attitude of the authorities and the population in this area towards the Roma was similar to that in other Croatian areas, which often meant a policy of repressive assimilation. Such a repressive policy towards the Roma was especially visible during the Second World War when they were persecuted by the Ustasha authorities. In the summer of 1941, a census of Roma in Hrvatsko zagorje was conducted, as well as in other parts of the Independent State of Croatia, by which the Ustasha authorities obtained data on their demographic and socio-economic structure. In May 1942, the Ustasha authorities ordered systematic deportation of Roma to the Jasenovac concentration camp, including Roma from the area of Hrvatsko zagorje. The consequence of such a policy is that the Roma community in Hrvatsko zagorje had been almost completely destroyed by the Ustasha authorities.
Predmet istraživanja bili su stavovi i predrasude Romkinja o nasilju nad ženama u romskoj obitelji. Provedeno je jednokratno istraživanje tipa tzv. nacrta »poprečnog presjeka« u jednoj vremenskoj ...točki (proljeće 2020.) metodom anketiranja, a na proporcionalnom, stratificiranom uzorku od 350 Romkinja iz 12 romskih naselja Međimurske županije. Romska kućanstva odabrana su metodom »nasumičnog hoda«, a ispitanice metodom »prvog rođendana«. Istraživanje je pokazalo visoku razinu prihvaćenosti predrasuda o nasilju nad ženom u obitelji, uključujući prihvaćenost stavova o pravu muškarca na primjenu nasilja nad ženom pod brojnim okolnostima, nadalje visoku razinu prihvaćenosti predrasuda o krivnji žene kao žrtve za doživljeno nasilje, zatim predrasudu o minorizaciji značenja nasilja i relativizaciji odgovornosti nasilnika za učinjeno nasilje, te prihvaćenost predrasuda o načinu prevencije nasilja, a sve navedeno izraženo kroz ukupnu zabilježenu prosječnu vrijednost razine prihvaćanja prema svih 40 postavljenih tvrdnji na skali od 1 do 5. Istraživanjem je potvrđena signifikantna pozitivna povezanost prihvaćanja predrasuda sa svim promatranim socio-demografskim čimbenicima tako da su prihvaćanju takvih stavova značajno sklonije bile mlađe Romkinje, one koje su sklopile tradicionalni romski brak u mlađoj dobi prije punoljetnosti, one s vrlo niskom razinom obrazovanja, bez završene osnovne škole, nezaposlene i koje su prvo dijete rodile prije 16. godine, kao i one koje imaju više od četvero djece na skrbi.
The subject of the research is the attitudes and prejudices of Roma women about violence against women in the Roma family. The research was a cross-sectional study at a single point in time (spring 2020) using a survey method, conducted on a proportional, stratified sample of 350 Roma women from 12 Roma settlements in Međimurje County. The research was carried out as a one-time survey according to the so-called drawing a »cross-section at one point in time« (spring 2020) using the survey method, and on a proportional, stratified sample of 350 Roma women from 12 Roma settlements in Međimurje County. Roma households were selected using the »random walk method« and the interviewee was selected using the »first birthday method«. The research showed a high level of acceptance of prejudices about violence against women in the family, including the acceptance of attitudes about a man’s right to use violence against a woman under numerous circumstances, further about the woman’s guilt as a victim for the violence experienced, then about the minimization of the meaning of violence and the relativization of the abuser’s responsibility for what has been done violence, and the acceptance of prejudices about the way to prevent violence, and all of the above expressed through the total recorded average value of the level of acceptance according to all 40 stated statements on a scale from 1 to 5. The research also confirmed a significant positive association of acceptance of prejudice with all observed socio-demographic factors, so that younger Roma women, Roma women who entered into a traditional Roma marriage at a younger age before reaching adulthood, were significantly more inclined to accept such attitudes, then Roma women with a very low level of education, Roma women without completing primary school, unemployed Roma women, and Roma women who gave birth to their first child before the age of 16, as well as those Roma women who have more than 4 children in their care.
