Surface water storage and fluxes in rivers, lakes, reservoirs and wetlands are currently poorly observed at the global scale, even though they represent major components of the water cycle and deeply ...impact human societies. In situ networks are heterogeneously distributed in space, and many river basins and most lakes—especially in the developing world and in sparsely populated regions—remain unmonitored. Satellite remote sensing has provided useful complementary observations, but no past or current satellite mission has yet been specifically designed to observe, at the global scale, surface water storage change and fluxes. This is the purpose of the planned Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite mission. SWOT is a collaboration between the (US) National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Centre National d’Études Spatiales (the French Spatial Agency), the Canadian Space Agency and the United Kingdom Space Agency, with launch planned in late 2020. SWOT is both a continental hydrology and oceanography mission. However, only the hydrology capabilities of SWOT are discussed here. After a description of the SWOT mission requirements and measurement capabilities, we review the SWOT-related studies concerning land hydrology published to date. Beginning in 2007, studies demonstrated the benefits of SWOT data for river hydrology, both through discharge estimation directly from SWOT measurements and through assimilation of SWOT data into hydrodynamic and hydrology models. A smaller number of studies have also addressed methods for computation of lake and reservoir storage change or have quantified improvements expected from SWOT compared with current knowledge of lake water storage variability. We also briefly review other land hydrology capabilities of SWOT, including those related to transboundary river basins, human water withdrawals and wetland environments. Finally, we discuss additional studies needed before and after the launch of the mission, along with perspectives on a potential successor to SWOT.
Energy cooperation plays an important role in One Belt One Road (OBOR) initiative, which has attracted global attentions since it was firstly announced by China. However, studies focused on ...China-Myanmar energy cooperation under OBOR has not been explored yet, Myanmar usually acts as a geo-strategic link along OBOR while its power grid construction benefits from OBOR to a large extent. This paper aims to close this gap and provide a comprehensive analysis on China-Myanmar energy cooperation under OBOR. Current status of the two countries’ respective energy systems is investigated to show their motivations for cooperation. Then, SWOT analysis and PEST analysis are integrated to uncover the roots of the past or ongoing successful and unsuccessful energy projects, and to provide invaluable insights about opportunities and challenges caused by the most up-to-date global issues, including COVID-19 and U.S.-China trade war. Lastly, practical suggestions are given with respect to political, economical, social and technological domains, such that stakeholders, engineers, researchers and investors can adapt to the post-crisis era.
•An enlightening energy cooperation attracting worldwide attention.•Critical review on strengths and weaknesses in both side’s energy system.•Thorough discussion on challenges of electrifying Myanmar.•SWOT analysis to identify threats, opportunities and perspectives.
This study aimed to formulate a strategy for developing paddy agribusiness in Sanggau Regency West Kalimantan using a SWOT analysis of 8 respondents who were considered experts. The results of the ...analysis show that the strengths in formulating a strategy are the existence of a Regional Regulation (Perda); The disadvantages are the low ability, skills, and knowledge of farmers; The opportunity is that the government facilitates farmers or farmer groups who want to sell their crops; the threat is the climate. An alternative strategy that can be taken is to increase the rice planting area and production, develop markets in the border region and the outside regency, and create synergies between farmers, entrepreneurs, and the government
Semen analysis is the cornerstone of male fertility evaluation with WHO guidelines providing the basis for procedural standardization and reference values worldwide. The first WHO manual was ...published in 1980, and five editions have been subsequently released over the last four decades. The 6th Edition was published in July 2021. In this review, we identify the key changes of this 6th Edition. Additionally, we evaluate the utility of this 6th Edition in clinical practice using SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis. This new Edition has made the analysis of basic semen parameters more robust, taking into account the criticisms and grey areas of the previous editions. The tests assessing sperm DNA fragmentation and seminal oxidative stress are well-described. The main novelty is that this latest edition abandons the notion of reference thresholds, suggesting instead to replace them with "decision limits". While this seems attractive, no decision limits are proposed for either basic semen parameters, or for extended or advanced parameters. This critical review of the 6th Edition of the WHO laboratory manual combined with a SWOT analysis summarizes the changes and novelties present in this new Edition and provides an in-depth analysis that could help its global use in the coming years.
Coffeeshop Boy's is one of the cafes that has survived the Large-Scale Social Restrictions (LSSR) and Enforcement of Restrictions on Community Activities (ERCA) policies during the pandemic. The ...power of investors and the quality of coffee are the reasons the Coffeeshop Boy's stay afloat. Coffee is a refreshing ingredient that comes from annual plantations. In Indonesia, farmers cultivate Robusta coffee and Arabica coffee, the difference between these two types of coffee can certainly be known from the taste. This research uses the descriptive qualitative method. Coffeeshop Boy's was originally a bottled coffee company that later turned into a home cafe. The LSSR and ERCA policies make this business must implement the right marketing strategy with the SWOT analysis method to find out the appropriate marketing strategy for this business in maintaining its business in the midst of a pandemic. The results of the SWOT analysis have shown that the total score of the IFAS matrix for strength items is 3.956 while for weakness items are 1.678. The results of the SWOT analysis have shown that the total score of the EFAS matrix for opportunity items is 3.241 while for threats items are 3.359. Based on the coordinates of the IFAS and EFAS matrices, Coffeeshop boy's is in quadrant 2 (ST Strategy) with a product diversification strategy. This has shown that Coffeeshop boy's can face the various threats that exist by taking advantage of the strengths they have. The ST strategy that needs to be implemented is to create new product innovations, provide special offers for new consumers, consumers who are having birthdays, or booking meetings, extend operational time, and create events to strengthen Coffeeshop Boy's branding.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi lingkungan internal dan eksternal melalui analisis Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat (SWOT) di UMN Al Washliyah Medan. Jenis penelitian adalah ...penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Faktor Kekuatan yang dimiliki oleh UMN Al Washliyah yaitu : 1) Sumber daya manusia yaitu 241 dosen memiliki latar belakang pendidikan S2, hal ini membuktikan bahwa dosen di lingkungan UMN Al Washliyah mencukupi syarat berdirinya sebuah Universitas. 2) Lahan yang cukup menampung seluruh mahasiswa yang ada. 3) Fasilitas gedung perkuliahan, perpustakaan yang permanen serta laboratorium yang representatif. 4) Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (LPPM) yang sudah berada pada cluster Madya. Faktor Kelemahan, yaitu : 1) Beberapa tenaga administrasi belum sarjana (S1), 2) Kurangnya mahasiswa yang aktif di bidang kreativitas dan kesenian di lingkungan kampus 3) Minimnya peralatan laboratorium serta kurangnya koleksi buku bacaan untuk referensi mahasiswa. 4) Kurangnya minat dosen melanjutkan kuliah ke jenjang S3. Faktor Peluang, yaitu : 1) Adanya dukungan positif dari Pengurus Besar Al Jam’iyatul Washliyah Jakarta untuk menyediaan lahan perluasan kampus. 2) Dukungan moril masyarakat Sumatera Utara untuk kemajuan UMN Al Washliyah. 3) Adanya kepercayaan dari pemerintah, masyarakat dan dunia usaha terhadap UMN Al Washliyah dalam menghasilkan SDM berkualitas. Faktor Tantangan, yaitu : 1) Keterlibatan masyarakat luas dalam pendanaan, menuntut keterbukaan manajemen keuangan dan mutu kinerja yang menunjukkan keberhasilan. 2) Sulitnya untuk membangun fakultas baru dan program studi baru. 3) Peningkatan biaya pendidikan dapat menggeser kedudukan masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah.
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