Social memory, the ability to recognize and remember individuals within a social group, is crucial for social interactions and relationships. Deficits in social memory have been linked to several ...neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. The hippocampus, especially the circuit that links dorsal CA2 and ventral CA1 neurons, is considered a neural substrate for social memory formation. Recent studies have provided compelling evidence of extrahippocampal contributions to social memory. The septal nuclei, including the medial and lateral septum, make up a basal forebrain region that shares bidirectional neuronal connections with the hippocampus and has recently been identified as critical for social memory. The focus of our review is the neural circuit mechanisms that underlie social memory, with a special emphasis on the septum. We also discuss the social memory dysfunction associated with neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders.
Research on the “uses of the past” in organizations and organizing is flourishing. This introduction reviews this approach to integrating history into organization studies and explores its paths ...forward. We begin by examining the intellectual origins of the approach and by defining why and how it matters to the study of management and organizations. Specifically, we emphasize the performative role of history in making and unmaking organizational orders. Next, we elaborate on how the articles in the special issue demonstrate the uses of the past in shaping organizational identity, strategy, and power. We also highlight how this work contributes to our understanding of the socially embedded character of history in organizations by accounting for the role of materiality, intertextuality, competing narratives, practices, and audiences in how the past is used. We conclude by considering four research frontiers particularly worthy of further exploration—the influence of temporal form, the role of non-rational knowledge, the range of methods, and the integration of ethics—in studies of the uses of the past in organizations.
The hippocampus is essential for different forms of declarative memory, including social memory, the ability to recognize and remember a conspecific. Although recent studies identify the importance ...of the dorsal CA2 region of the hippocampus in social memory storage, little is known about its sources of social information. Because CA2, like other hippocampal regions, receives its major source of spatial and non-spatial information from the medial and lateral subdivisions of entorhinal cortex (MEC and LEC), respectively, we investigated the importance of these inputs for social memory. Whereas MEC inputs to CA2 are dispensable, the direct inputs to CA2 from LEC are both selectively activated during social exploration and required for social memory. This selective behavioral role of LEC is reflected in the stronger excitatory drive it provides to CA2 compared with MEC. Thus, a direct LEC → CA2 circuit is tuned to convey social information that is critical for social memory.
•Lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) inputs to hippocampal CA2 underlie social memory•Medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) CA2 input is weak and not involved in social memory•Social memory requires the direct but not indirect LEC inputs to CA2•LEC CA2 inputs are selectively activated by social over non-social exploration
Although the CA2 hippocampal region is essential for social memory and detection of social novelty, the inputs that provide social information to CA2 are unknown. We found that social memory depends on the direct inputs CA2 receives from the lateral entorhinal cortex. As this input is activated similarly by novel and familiar individuals, CA2 itself may compute novelty.
For many, the terms oxytocin and vasopressin immediately evoke images of animals interacting with one another, as both of these neuropeptides have been implicated as being part of the neurochemical ...“glue” that socially binds animals. However, social environments and social interactions are complex and include behaviors that bring animals together as well as behaviors that keep animals apart. It is at the intersection of social context, social experience, and an individual’s sex that oxytocin and vasopressin act to modulate social behavior and social cognition. In this review, this complexity will be explored across mammalian species, with a focus on social memory, cooperative behaviors, and competitive behaviors. Implications for humans as well as future directions will also be considered.
Why are some serious cases of corporate irresponsibility collectively forgotten? Drawing on social memory studies, we examine how this collective forgetting process can occur. We propose that a major ...instance of corporate irresponsibility leads to the emergence of a stakeholder mnemonic community that shares a common recollection of the past incident. This community generates and then draws on mnemonic traces to sustain a collective memory of the past event over time. In addition to the natural entropic tendency to forget, collective memory is also undermined by instrumental "forgetting work," which we conceptualize in this article. Forgetting work involves manipulating short-term conditions of the event, silencing vocal "rememberers," and undermining collective mnemonic traces that sustain a version of the past. This process can result in a reconfigured collective memory and collective forgetting of corporate irresponsibility events. Collective forgetting can have positive and negative consequences for the firm, stakeholders, and society.
•Exactly how CA2 contributes to hippocampal computation is unclear.•Recent findings implicate CA2 in a range of hippocampal-dependent memory processes.•Research that highlights CA2 function beyond ...social memory is reviewed.•The computational role of CA2's unique features are discussed.•Existing proposals for the role of CA2 are evaluated in light of experimental findings.
Hippocampal region CA2 has received increased attention due to its importance in social recognition memory. While its specific function remains to be identified, there are indications that CA2 plays a major role in a variety of situations, widely extending beyond social memory. In this targeted review, we highlight lines of research which have begun to converge on a more fundamental role for CA2 in hippocampus-dependent memory processing. We discuss recent proposals that speak to the computations CA2 may perform within the hippocampal circuit.
Organizational Memory Studies Foroughi, Hamid; Coraiola, Diego M.; Rintamäki, Jukka ...
Organization studies,
12/2020, Volume:
41, Issue:
12
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
This paper provides an overview and discussion of the rapidly growing literature on organizational memory studies (OMS). We define OMS as an inquiry into the ways that remembering and forgetting ...shape, and are shaped by, organizations and organizing processes. The contribution of this article is threefold. We briefly review what we understand by organizational memory and explore some key debates and points of contestation in the field. Second, we identify four different perspectives that have been developed in OMS (functional, interpretive, critical and performative) and expand upon each perspective by showcasing articles published over the past decade. In particular, we examine four papers previously published in Organization Studies to show the distinctiveness of each perspective. Finally, we identify a number of areas for future research to facilitate the future development of OMS.
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