Jezikoslovne razlike med slovenskim slovničnim in angleškim semantičnim spolom so razlog za različen pristop teh dveh jezikov k širšemu družbeno-kulturnemu vprašanju neseksistične rabe jezika: (prvi ...počne to s spolno specfičnimi oblikami za ženski in moški spol, drugi z njihovo nevtralizacijo). Prispevek obravnava najbolj kritična področja neseksistične rabe jezika ter predstavi in kritično ovrednoti predloge, ki tako rabo ozaveščajo in spodbujajo.
THE ROLE OF PARENTAL BEHAVIOUR AND SELF-ESTEEM OF FATHER AND MOTHER ON SELF-ESTEEM AND SELFCONTROL OF BOYS AND GIRLS The aim of the research was to analyse the connection between parental behaviours ...and self-esteem of the parents on the self-esteem and self-control of the children. The pupils of the seventh and eighth grade of six primary schools in the area of the city of Zagreb and the city of Split and their parents participated in the research. The children filled out the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory, the Brief Self-Control Scale and the Perception of Parental Behaviour Scale, while the parents filled out the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Regression analysis was used and it has determined that the parental control is the best predictor for the child’s self-esteem. Self-esteem of boys is better predicted by the sets of parental predictors and it is somewhat more connected with the father’s self-control, while self-esteem of girls is more connected with the mother’s self-control. Self-control of girls is best predicted by the mother’s acceptance and control, so that the sets of parental variables, more specifically the mother’s variables, are significant only for predicting self-control of girls. The assumption about the greater role of the mother in the development of self-esteem and self-control of children was confirmed, while the assumptions about the gender differentiation in upbringing were confirmed only in the case of the child’s self-control, but not in the case of their self-esteem, which shows that there are differences in the direction of transition towards more modern upbringing practices. The results, as well as the existing studies and theoretical assumptions, point out the importance of the parental role as the model for the development of the child’s self-esteem and self-control, and the different approaches in the upbringing of boys and girls can be addressed specifically.
Although aging and old age are the subject of increasing research, the attitude towards one’s own aging seems to be insufficiently researched. This prompted us to examine whether the way we ...experience our own aging, as well as our attitudes towards older people, from adolescence and over a long period of adulthood, but also what is the role of gender and socioeconomic status (earnings and education). The survey was conducted in the Republic of Serbia and included 1,236 respondents (793 women and 443 men). A PORPOS3 battery was used, a purpose-built instrument with 343 questions, which also contains a short scale, Attitude towards one’s own aging with three dimensions: Concern about one’s own aging, Acceptance of aging and Attitude towards the elderly. The results shows that the respondents older than 61 years, in relation to the respondents from 31 to 40 years, but also that the respondents who earn up to 20,000.00 dinars, in relation to those who earn between 71,000.00 and 90,000.00 dinars, have a more negative attitude towards the elderly. In a sample of respondents between the ages of 41 and 50, a positive low-intensity correlation was obtained between concerns about one’s own aging and level of education.
Članek obravnava predvidljivost spola pri samostalnikih v slovenščini z vidika primerjave med Slovensko slovnico (Toporišič 2000) in Corbettovim sistemom (Corbett 1991). V prvem delu je na primeru ...slovenščine predstavljen Corbettov algoritem razvrščanja samostalnikov v skupine spolov. V drugem delu je predstavljenih nekaj posebnosti v slovenščini, ki jih algoritem ne zajame (epiceni, hibridni, večspolski samostalniki).
U procesu učenja stranoga jezika motivacija kao jedan od afektivnih čimbenika ima vrlo važnu ulogu. Tijekom procesa učenja motivacija se mijenja. Povezana je s dinamičnim promjenama i različitim ...unutarnjim i vanjskim utjecajima kojima je učenik izložen, stoga u tom procesu dolazi do čestih fluktuacija motivacije (Dörnyei i Skehan 2005). Motivacija u svojoj pojavnosti bitno utječe na način i tijek usvajanja stranoga jezika određujući joj intenzitet, tip, trajanje i učinkovitost. Ovaj rad je nastavak istraživanja o motivaciji za učenje francuskoga i talijanskoga jezika koje je provedeno tijekom školske godine 2019./2020. u srednjoj strukovnoj školi u Dubrovniku. U radu se prikazuju rezultati istraživanja provedenoga na uzorku dvije skupine učenika srednje strukovne škole, jedne koja uči francuski jezik (N = 124) i druge koja uči talijanski jezik (N = 146). Kao mjerni instrument korištena je prilagođena inačica Upitnika za mjerenje tipa i intenziteta motivacije učenika za učenje stranoga jezika autorice Mihaljević Djigunović (1998). Analiza podataka provedena je metodom deskriptivne i inferencijalne statistike. Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati odnos motivacije i varijabla spola, duljine učenja, ocjene, izloženosti izvannastavnim sadržajima, kao i boravka u zemljama francuskoga/talijanskoga govornog područja. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su značajnu povezanost motivacije i navedenih varijabla u skupini učenika francuskoga jezika, a u skupini učenika koji uče talijanski jezik povezanost ovih varijabla uočena je samo na određenim ljestvicama motivacije. Nekolicina istraživanja bavi se motivacijom za učenje ovih dvaju stranih jezika u hrvatskome obrazovnom kontekstu. Stoga dobiveni rezultati pridonose spoznajama o motivaciji za učenje francuskoga i talijanskog jezika kao stranih jezika i mogu biti korisni istraživačima u području OVIJ-a i nastavnicima stranih jezika.
One of the side-effects of the COVID-19 pandemic is a global change in work ergonomic patterns as millions of people replaced their usual work environment with home to limit the spread of the severe ...acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) infection. The aim of our cross-sectional pilot study was to identify musculoskeletal pain that may have resulted from this change and included 232 telecommunications company workers of both genders 121 (52.2 %) men aged 23–62 (median 41; interquartile range 33–46 yrs.) and 111 (47.8 %) women aged 23–53 (median 40; interquartile range 33–44) who had been working from home for eight months (from 16 March to 4 December 2020) before they joined the study. The participants were asked to fill in our web-based questionnaire by self-assessing their experience of hand, lower back, and upper back/neck pain while working at home and by describing their work setting and physical activity. Compared to previous work at the office, 90 (39.1 %) participants reported stronger pain in the lower back, 105 (45.7 %) in the upper back/neck, and 63 (27.2 %) in their hands. Only one third did not report any musculoskeletal problems related to work from home. Significantly fewer men than women reported hand, lower back, and upper back/ neck pain (p=0.033, p=0.001 and p=0.013, respectively). Sixty-nine workers (29.9 %) reported to work in a separate room, 75 (32.4 %) worked in a separate section of a room with other household members, whereas 87 (37.7 %) had no separate work space, 30 of whom most often worked in the dining room. Ninety-five participants (40.9 %) had no office desk to work at, and only 75 (32.3 %) used an ergonomic chair. Of those who shared their household with others (N=164), 116 (70.7 %) complained about constant or occasional disturbances. Over a half of all participants (52 %) said that they worked longer hours from home than at work, predominantly women (p=0.05). Only 69 participants (29.9 %) were taking frequent breaks, predominantly older ones (p=0.006). Our findings clearly point to a need to inform home workers how to make more ergonomic use of non-ergonomic equipment, use breaks, and exercise and to inform employers how to better organise working hours to meet the needs of work from home.
V príspevku razmišljamo o spolu v slovenskih enojezičnih splošnih razlagalnih slovarjih, pri čemer ugotavljamo, da tako kategorija slovničnega spola kot spol kot družbena danost pomembno vplivata na ...izbor podatkov, ki jih v slovarski opis vključujemo, in na njihovo strukturiranje v slovarskem sestavku. Ob tem opozarjamo, da je treba biti pri oblikovanju temeljnih slovarskih priročnikov družbeno zelo občutljiv, saj jih uporabniki običajno dojemajo kot avtoritativna dela, ki odsevajo pojmovni svet jezika.
Sigmund Freud smatra se jednim od ranih seksologa, uz Magnusa Hirschfelda i Havelocka
Ellisa. Njegova stajališta o homoseksualnosti (koja nije bolest, niti se terapijskim metodama
može liječiti) ...bliski su suvremenim stajalištima o tom pitanju. Za razliku od aktivnog teorijskog
bavljenja pitanjima seksualnosti u ranim radovima psihodinamičkih psihoterapeuta,
kasniji su autori zanemarili područje seksualnih poremećaja i rodne disforije. Grupna analiza
potpuno je izostala.
Spol je biološka odrednica koja označuje tijelo i obično se doživljava kao binarni koncept
muškog i ženskog (premda postoje i međuspolna, nebinarna stanja). Unatoč teorijskom prihvaćanju
temeljne čovjekove biseksualnosti, ne postoji nijedan rad koji se bavi psihodinamičkim
pitanjima međuspolnih stanja. Rodni identitet naš je doživljaj sebe, naš reprezentant
selfa u odnosu na muževnost/ženstvenost, tj. muškost/ženskost. Rodna uloga predstavlja
socijalne stereotipe ponašanja, odijevanja i tipičnog reagiranja muškaraca i žena u konkretnom
društvu u danom trenutku.
Osim transrodnih osoba, u kojih rodni identitet nije ujednačen sa spolom, postoje i brojne
nebinarne osobe koje svoj rodni identitet ne doživljavaju u dihotomiji muško-žensko, nego
u različitim oblicima androginog ili rodno neutralnog doživljaja sebe (reprezentatna selfa).
Cilj dinamičke psihoterapije, uključujući i grupnu analizu, trebao bi biti mogućnost za propitivanje
i istraživanje vlastitih identiteta, doživljaja, iskustava i osjećaja u uvjetima sigurne
sredine. Moguće je da se u takvim uvjetima osoba susretne sa svojim pravim selfom, koji
može biti i neheteroseksualan i nebinaran.
Nedovršnik (tudi) v slovenščini lahko ne izraža eksplicitno potekanja, iztekanja in s tem trajanja dejanja ali njegove ponavljalnosti, pač pa o dejanju le poroča, ga zgolj poimenuje - in tako izraža ...zgolj njegov obstoj. Taka raba nedovršnika je zlasti trojna: a) splošno poročanje ali poizvedovanje o dejanju (To smo že delali; ali si danes že jedel?), b) nikalnost (Tega nisem nikoli pisal), c) raba nedovršnikov ali glagolov kategorialno obojega vida, ko je nedovršnosti težko pripisati jedrni pomen potekanja, iztekanja (trajanja) dejanja (To jim je zelo škodovalo; kaznovali jih še bodo; podatke so natančno analizirali).
Stereotypes are an integral part of processing information; therefore, they belong to the human mental world, which co-shapes the social world, including by means of media texts with informational ...and entertainment content and communicative intent. Despite third-wave feminism, gender stereotypes can still often be found in these texts, thus maintaining the binarity of both genders and their characteristic (social) roles.
PDF
