There is a large body of literature exploring spatial disparity in access to healthcare services, and the resultant geographic inequality in the demand for medical travel. We are, however, unaware of ...any such study conducted in India in the past. The transportation implications of inequitable healthcare access, therefore, remains unknown to Indian planners and policymakers. We use a unique dataset, the 2014–15 Domestic Tourism Expenditure survey conducted by the National Sample Survey Office, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India, to address this critical gap in the literature. We use trip-making information of 42,547 persons (13,525 urban and 29,022 rural residents) belonging to 28 Indian states in order to analyze the variation in individuals' medical trip destination choice, on average, across states. We analyze overnight trips (i.e., trips involving at least one night stay away from home) made for medical purposes only. Specifically, we isolate and compare the independent influence of state of residence (i.e., the state-effect) on residents' choice of within-district and out-of-state medical care location, after controlling for various personal and household factors that also govern choice. Additionally, we select a sub-sample of individuals who made out-of-state medical trips, and analyze state-level differences in the likelihood of long or >1500 km (vs. short or ≤1500 km) distance medical travel. We analyze urban and rural residents separately, and estimate a pooled model to explore intra-state urban-rural differences in medical trip destination choice. Our analyses reveal significant variation in urban and rural residents' destination choice for medical trips across India's states. We also find within-state urban-rural differences in destination choice to vary significantly across states. Our analysis provides new information on the geography of medical travel in India, underscoring the need for further research on the causes and consequences of the geographic disparity in healthcare access, and targeted action to improve healthcare access equitably across states. We expect our paper to stimulate further research to guide national and state health and transportation policies in India.
•We use the 2014–15 Domestic Tourism Expenditure survey of India in this study.•We analyze variation in urban and rural residents' medical trip destination choice across India's states.•We also explore intra-state urban-rural differences in medical travel.•Our research provides insights on the geographic inequality of medical travel demand in India.•We underscore the need for action to improve healthcare access equitably across states.
An ethnographic and historical study of the main Albania-Greece highway, exploring the post-Cold War political and cultural transformation of Europe through the examination of cross-border ...infrastructure.
As the academic year comes to an end, I am happy to report on the state of the Transportation Geography Specialty Group (TGSG) of the American Association of Geographers (AAG) for 2023, particularly ...on the events during this year's successful meeting.
The level of greenhouse gas emissions is one of the most important issues today, both professionally and politically, because a lower level of greenhouse gas emission is mandatory for a sustainable ...economy. Besides industry and households, the transport sector is also responsible for these emissions. For this reason, it may be essential to set up a model with which the amount of CO2 emissions could be estimated or predicted. This article presents a model that examines the extent of economic development and CO2 emissions in European countries. The result is establishing a pattern requiring a longer time series. If the pattern is proven, a clear reassessment of the current relationship between economic development and environmental protection should be made.
Cette recherche cherche à faire une discussion sur le transport aérien de passagers dans l'état de Santa Catarina. Elle vise ainsi à comprendre l'importance de l'infrastructure aéroportuaire dans le ...développement régional et urbain, en considérant les impacts causés par la fluidité et la compétitivité dans l'organisation territoriale dans le contexte de Santa Catarina. Dans l'ouvrage, la genèse de l'aviation commerciale, le réseau urbain et le remodelage des stratégies logistiques de l'État et du secteur des entreprises sont mis en évidence comme éléments intégrant les dynamiques territoriales liées au secteur aérien et vice-versa. En résumé, il s'agit de démontrer que la concentration des services aériens sur le territoire analysé reflète le processus de formation socio-spatiale, la division territoriale du travail et les stratégies adoptées par les agents impliqués. This research seeks to make a discussion about air passenger transportation in the state of Santa Catarina. With this, it aims to understand the importance of airport infrastructure in regional and urban development, considering the impacts caused by fluidity and competitiveness in territorial organization in the context of Santa Catarina. In the work, the genesis of commercial aviation, the urban network and the remodeling of logistical strategies of the State and the corporate sector are highlighted as elements that integrate the territorial dynamics linked to the airline sector and vice-versa. In summary, it is intended to demonstrate that the concentration of air services in the territory under analysis reflects the process of socio-spatial formation, the territorial division of labor and the strategies adopted by the agents involved.
Transport accessibility can be analyzed using a number of different methods. The problem with each of them is the difficulty of obtaining data to measure this phenomenon The focus of this article and ...its main goal are to present methods and tools for gathering data on road traffic; thanks to modern information technology, it is possible to collect real data without the need for large-scale and highly capital-intensive measurements. The application of modern information technology (IT) presented in the article, such as computer programs and applications like Google Maps Traffic Overlay and TomTom Live Traffic, enable research to be conducted on a scale that has thus far been unattainable, and allows information to be collected on such criteria as traffic volume, flow, average traffic speed, and actual journey time. Such innovative means of gathering data on automobile traffic open up new perspectives for assessing transport accessibility in terms of automobile traffic by providing high-quality data that meet the requirements for use in primary research.
The role of cross-border commuting needs is remarkable, given that large cross-border cities tend to have high traffic attractiveness. Thus, agglomeration effects are strongly prevalent in populous ...settlements close to the border. This is due to the fact that both Hungary and the neighboring countries are burdened by spatial inequalities; therefore, the traffic at the individual border crossing points is unbalanced. Our aim is to show the extent to which the introduction of certain public transport modes contributes to the reduction of cross-border passenger car traffic. In order to do this, we have to set up a spatial econometric model that can simultaneously handle the parallel public transport infrastructure, the cross-border attractiveness of border cities, and the impact of spatial inequalities. The results of the research shed light on how the introduction of each means of transport contributes to increasing the competitiveness of border regions. This will demonstrate the effectiveness of policy tools that can improve the competitiveness of a given macroregion.
•We study how transportation research topics correlate with geographic regions using bibliographic data.•The collected dataset covers 174,848 research articles in 1091 journals and hundreds of ...conferences.•A geoRegion-topic model is proposed to derive the research topic distribution for each geographic region.•Transportation research exhibits region-specific characteristics at the country/region and U.S. state levels.•The relation between research topic similarity and geographic proximity depends on the geographic level.
Since the planning and operations of transportation systems depend on factors ranging from economic to political, which tend to vary significantly over geographic regions (geoRegions), the following research question arises: do transportation topics in various geographic regions differ significantly? A review of existing transportation bibliographic studies shows that the information on the geographic location of study areas is seldom available and thus rarely analyzed. This study thus presents a geoRegion-topic model that extends a widely used topic model, latent Dirichlet allocation, to explore the region-specific characteristics of transportation research based on large-scale bibliographic data collected from Transport Research International Documentation. Top geographic regions that are frequently used as study areas in transportation research are identified at both the country/region and U.S. state levels. The results confirm that transportation research exhibits clear region-specific characteristics, namely each geographic region is associated with a unique transportation topic distribution. After exploring the relation between topic similarity and geographic proximity, we find in general countries/regions that are geographically proximate have quite similar transportation topic distributions, while this correlation cannot be observed at the U.S. state level. Other relevant findings are also reported, along with potential bias in the analysis.
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