Autism has attracted a great deal of attention in recent years, thanks to dramatically increasing rates of diagnosis, extensive organizational mobilization, journalistic coverage, biomedical ...research, and clinical innovation. Understanding Autism, a social history of the expanding diagnostic category of this contested illness, takes a close look at the role of emotion--specifically, of parental love--in the intense and passionate work of biomedical communities investigating autism.
Autism spectrum disorders are developmental disorders. Individuals with autism spectrum disorders develop differently. These differences are usually present in social interaction, communication, and ...sensory processing, and become visible through a wide variety of behavioral responses that differ from individuals without autism spectrum disorders. Despite significant research efforts, the exact causes of autism spectrum disorders remain poorly understood; however, researchers have gained extensive insights into possible pathomechanisms, even at the molecular level of cells. Many diagnostic criteria have been developed, adapted, and improved. The eight chapters in this book highlight the current state-of-the-art in many areas of autism spectrum disorders. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the epidemiology of autism spectrum disorders and the current knowledge of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms. Chapter 2 summarizes the diagnostic criteria and procedures and highlights present and upcoming therapeutic strategies. Chapter 3 reviews the adverse events and trauma in people with autism spectrum disorders. Chapters 4 and 5 focus on atypical sensory processing, and Chapter 6 discusses the genetic overlap of autism spectrum disorders with other neuropsychiatric disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, and schizophrenia. Chapter 7 focuses on the contribution of abnormalities in mitochondria, and chapter 8 discusses gut-brain interactions and a potential role for microbiota in autism spectrum disorders. This book is aimed primarily at clinicians and scientists, but many areas will also be of interest to the layperson.
Evaluer des eleves ayant un trouble du spectre de l'autisme (TSA) represente un defi pour les enseignants, ce qui peut affecter leur sentiment d'efficacite personnelle (SEP). Les eleves ayant un TSA ...presentent des specificites multiples pour lesquelles s'imposent souvent des amenagements dans les pratiques pedagogiques, plus specifiquement dans les pratiques evaluatives. Selon la litterature consultee, le SEP des enseignants a un effet direct sur les pratiques enseignantes et leur sante mentale. Les resultats de notre etude proposent que l'appropriation de pratiques puisse devenir un levier dans l'evolution du SEP des enseignants lorsque ces derniers sont impliques dans un processus de developpement professionnel pour lequel des ressources adaptees et de l'accompagnement sont offerts. Mots-cles : sentiment d'efficacite personnelle, appropriation, pratiques evaluatives, developpement professionnel, trouble du spectre de l'autisme Assessing students with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a constant challenge. It impacts the sense of personal effectiveness of teachers working with these learners who can have multiple specificities and for whom adjustments to pedagogical practices, and specifically assessment practices, are often essential. According to the literature, teachers' self-efficacy has a direct effect on teaching practices and their mental health. The results of our study suggest that the appropriation of practices can improve teachers' self-efficacy when they are involved in a professional development process providing suitable material and support. Keywords: teachers' self-efficacy, appropriation, assessment practices, autism spectrum disorder, professional development
The number of cases identified with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is showing a rapid upward trend. while ASD may accompany sufferers for a lifetime, it does not mean that they cannot live a normal ...life, let alone that they have lost the possibility of holistic development. A social organization named Golden Wings that, based on the idea of holistic development, adopts a specific approach to support the development of a group of children for a long period of time. At this point in time, these children identified with ASD have shown their wonderful lives. This is a 13-year exploration, and it is still ongoing. By tracing and exploring their growth histories, the study aims to identify key elements supporting their realization of personal traits and attempt to establish a theoretical path for supporting systems needed for the development of autistic children. This study has randomly selected 10 members and their parents from the painting classes at Golden Wings, a rehabilitation center for disabled children
Personality traits play a crucial role in studying mental disorders because they offer insights into the individual differences and vulnerabilities that influence the onset, course, and treatment of ...these disorders. Recognizing the significance of personality in mental health research and clinical practice contributes to a more holistic and personalized approach to understanding and managing mental health conditions. Studying the relationship between personality traits and mental disorders can shed light on the underlying mechanisms and etiology of these disorders. It can help researchers identify common genetic, neural, and environmental factors that contribute to both personality traits and mental health conditions. Zebrafish are increasingly used as models for studying various mental disorders, such as anxiety, depression, and autism spectrum disorders. The existence of zebrafish personality traits can help elucidate how different individuals within a population may be more or less susceptible to these conditions. By examining the genetic underpinnings of zebrafish personality traits and their link to mental disorders, researchers can identify potential genetic markers and pathways involved in the pathogenesis of these conditions. Zebrafish research allows for in-depth exploration of the neural and neurochemical mechanisms underpinning personality traits and how these relate to mental disorders. Insights from zebrafish studies can inform our understanding of these mechanisms in more complex organisms. KEYWORDS: Schizophrenia, personality, zebrafish, animal models.
Keeping an open mind about autism Bonsu, Angela
Lancet neurology,
December 2017, 2017-12-00, 20171201, Volume:
16, Issue:
12
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Heasman's project is very much a response to the inherent bias of representation generated when cultural, and even scientific, explorations of autism come solely from an outsider's perspective. The ...exhibition centres on an autistic man named Cambell, his family, and the members of Matthew's Hub-a support service for people with high-functioning autism and Asperger's Syndrome. The exhibition also takes on a very personal tone, for example, when Cambell's mother, Sally, recalls finding out that Cambell has autism, learning how his use of language and his understanding of situations differed from his elder sister Meredith, and her coming to accept that her son would be different from a neurotypical person.
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