Introduction: Ocular trauma is a preventable cause of monocular blindness that results in morbidity and sight loss. In this study, we evaluated the impact of ocular trauma on the quality of life. ...Materials and Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we included all ocular trauma cases presented at Drashti Netralaya enrolled between August 2019 and August 2020. Demographic, clinical, and trauma documentation were done using a pretested online format for all the enrolled cases with specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. The life quality score was recorded using the Indian Version of Visual Function Questionnaire (VFQ). The VFQ scores were recorded before and after treatment. All data were exported into Excel sheets and analyzed with SPSS 22 using descriptive and cross-tabulation. The numerical variables were tested using one-sample t-test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Our study cohort consisted of 284 patients, of which 211 (68.1%) were adults and 85 (39.9%) were children. Furthermore, 199 (70.1%) were men, and 93 (30%) were women. The mean age of the patients was 29.36 ± 17.38 years. On a comparative study, a significant difference was found between the pretreatment and posttreatment vision as well as VFQ score. Conclusion: Ocular trauma can cause sight loss and morbidity and affect the quality of life. Successful management of ocular trauma can cause a significant difference in the vision as well as quality of life.
Turning the tide of corneal blindness Oliva, Matthew S; Schottman, Tim; Gulati, Manoj
Indian journal of ophthalmology,
09/2012, Volume:
60, Issue:
5
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Corneal diseases represent the second leading cause of blindness in most developing world countries. Worldwide, major investments in public health infrastructure and primary eye care services have ...built a strong foundation for preventing future corneal blindness. However, there are an estimated 4.9 million bilaterally corneal blind persons worldwide who could potentially have their sight restored through corneal transplantation. Traditionally, barriers to increased corneal transplantation have been daunting, with limited tissue availability and lack of trained corneal surgeons making widespread keratoplasty services cost prohibitive and logistically unfeasible. The ascendancy of cataract surgical rates and more robust eye care infrastructure of several Asian and African countries now provide a solid base from which to dramatically expand corneal transplantation rates. India emerges as a clear global priority as it has the world's largest corneal blind population and strong infrastructural readiness to rapidly scale its keratoplasty numbers. Technological modernization of the eye bank infrastructure must follow suit. Two key factors are the development of professional eye bank managers and the establishment of Hospital Cornea Recovery Programs. Recent adaptation of these modern eye banking models in India have led to corresponding high growth rates in the procurement of transplantable tissues, improved utilization rates, operating efficiency realization, and increased financial sustainability. The widespread adaptation of lamellar keratoplasty techniques also holds promise to improve corneal transplant success rates. The global ophthalmic community is now poised to scale up widespread access to corneal transplantation to meet the needs of the millions who are currently blind.
Las novelas y los cuentos de la 'generación de los hijos' chilena dejan entrever una incapacidad de amar que se manifiesta tanto a nivel psicológico como social. El presente artículo se centra en la ...novela Sangre en el ojo (2012) para examinar cómo Lina Meruane, una de las voces más llamativas de esa generación, tematiza esta incapacidad y explora maneras de remediarla a través de un énfasis en lo sensible. Se analiza Sangre en el ojo primero como una novela de amor anclada en la tradición gótica. Un estudio pormenorizado de las relaciones entre el amor y la ceguera sobre las cuales se construye la novela muestra que Meruane escribe en contra de las tendencias de metaforizar la ceguera y descorporalizar el amor. A partir de allí, se propone una lectura de Sangre en el ojo como novela resistente contra las normas sociales, económicas y sentimentales de hoy y se argumenta que la atención por lo sensible puede considerarse como un elemento definitorio de la generación que creció durante la dictadura. An incapacity to love, both psychological and social, characterizes the novels and short stories written by the Chilean 'generation of the children'. This article focuses on the novel Sangre en el ojo (2012) in order to examine how Lina Meruane, one of the most notable voices of this generation, represents this incapacity, and, at the same time, searches for remedies by emphasizing the realm of the sensitive. The article analyses Sangre en el ojo first as a romantic novel. A detailed study of the relationship between love and blindness, on which Meruane constructs her novel, reveals that the author writes against a metaphorization of blindness and a disembodiment of love. As such, the article proposes a reading of Sangre en el ojo as a novel of resistance against current social, economic and sentimental norms and argues that attention to the sensitive can be considered a defining element of the generation that grew up during the dictatorship.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a major microvascular complication of diabetes, has a significant impact on the world's health systems. Globally, the number of people with DR will grow from 126.6 million ...in 2010 to 191.0 million by 2030, and we estimate that the number with vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (VTDR) will increase from 37.3 million to 56.3 million, if prompt action is not taken. Despite growing evidence documenting the effectiveness of routine DR screening and early treatment, DR frequently leads to poor visual functioning and represents the leading cause of blindness in working-age populations. DR has been neglected in health-care research and planning in many low-income countries, where access to trained eye-care professionals and tertiary eye-care services may be inadequate. Demand for, as well as, supply of services may be a problem. Rates of compliance with diabetes medications and annual eye examinations may be low, the reasons for which are multifactorial. Innovative and comprehensive approaches are needed to reduce the risk of vision loss by prompt diagnosis and early treatment of VTDR.
A unique form of blindness Juneja, Abhishek; Anand, Kuljeet
Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology and Research,
05/2020, Volume:
8, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Summary Background Safety and efficacy have been shown in a phase 1 dose-escalation study involving a unilateral subretinal injection of a recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector containing ...the RPE65 gene (AAV2-hRPE65v2) in individuals with inherited retinal dystrophy caused by RPE65 mutations. This finding, along with the bilateral nature of the disease and intended use in treatment, prompted us to determine the safety of administration of AAV2-hRPE65v2 to the contralateral eye in patients enrolled in the phase 1 study. Methods In this follow-on phase 1 trial, one dose of AAV2-hRPE65v2 (1·5 × 1011 vector genomes) in a total volume of 300 μL was subretinally injected into the contralateral, previously uninjected, eyes of 11 children and adults (aged 11–46 years at second administration) with inherited retinal dystrophy caused by RPE65 mutations, 1·71–4·58 years after the initial subretinal injection. We assessed safety, immune response, retinal and visual function, functional vision, and activation of the visual cortex from baseline until 3 year follow-up, with observations ongoing. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov , number NCT01208389. Findings No adverse events related to the AAV were reported, and those related to the procedure were mostly mild (dellen formation in three patients and cataracts in two). One patient developed bacterial endophthalmitis and was excluded from analyses. We noted improvements in efficacy outcomes in most patients without significant immunogenicity. Compared with baseline, pooled analysis of ten participants showed improvements in mean mobility and full-field light sensitivity in the injected eye by day 30 that persisted to year 3 (mobility p=0·0003, white light full-field sensitivity p<0·0001), but no significant change was seen in the previously injected eyes over the same time period (mobility p=0·7398, white light full-field sensitivity p=0·6709). Changes in visual acuity from baseline to year 3 were not significant in pooled analysis in the second eyes or the previously injected eyes (p>0·49 for all time-points compared with baseline). Interpretation To our knowledge, AAV2-hRPE65v2 is the first successful gene therapy administered to the contralateral eye. The results highlight the use of several outcome measures and help to delineate the variables that contribute to maximal benefit from gene augmentation therapy in this disease. Funding Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Spark Therapeutics, US National Institutes of Health, Foundation Fighting Blindness, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Research to Prevent Blindness, Center for Advanced Retinal and Ocular Therapeutics, Mackall Foundation Trust, F M Kirby Foundation, and The Research Foundation—Flanders.
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