Adiposity has been linked with mortality among Whites/Asians, but evidence from Hispanics is limited. We included 15855 adults from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (2008-11). ...BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and body fat percentage (BF%) were measured, and Cox regressions estimated their relations with mortality. Over 153828 person years (median 10 years), 651 deaths occurred. With adjustment of sociodemographic and lifestyle covariates (Figure; Model 1), no dose-response relation of BMI or BF% with mortality was found. Compared with normal weight (BMI<25 kg/m2), only severe obesity (BMI≥35 kg/m2) was associated with higher mortality (HR=1.58, 95% CI 1.08-2.31). Central obesity was associated with higher mortality with HRs (95% CIs) of 1.41 (1.01-1.97) comparing WC of >102/88 cm (for men/women) vs ≤94/80 cm and 1.70 (1.14-2.53) comparing WHR of ≥0.90/0.85 vs <0.90/0.85. With further adjustment of baseline comorbidities (Figure; Model 2), only WHR remained associated with mortality. BMI was highly correlated with BF% and WC (r>0.84) but not WHR (r=0.54). WHR remained associated with mortality after further adjusting for BMI. Sex suggestively modified the relation of WHR with mortality which was stronger among women. Among US Hispanic/Latino adults, only severe obesity was associated with higher mortality. WHR could predict mortality better and should be evaluated in bodyweight management.
Disclosure
Y.Zhang: None. R.Kaplan: None. Q.Qi: None. G.Chen: None. D.Sotres-alvarez: None. K.M.Perreira: None. L.Gallo: None. M.M.Llabre: None. J.Cai: None. X.Xue: None. C.R.Isasi: None.
Funding
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK119268, R01DK120870, P30DK111022); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HHSN268201300001I/N01-HC-65233, HHSN268201300004I/N01-HC-65234, HHSN268201300002I/N01-HC-65235, HHSN268201300003I/N01-HC-65236, HHSN268201300005I/N01-HC-65237)
This study investigated the relationships of thigh and waist circumference with the glycemic variability and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and prediabetes. ...This observational study included 3,453 Korean patients with T2DM and prediabetes, in whom anthropometric measurements and carotid ultrasonography were conducted. Carotid plaque was defined as focal structures encroaching the arterial lumen by ≥ 0.5 mm or 50% of the surrounding IMT value or a thickness ≥1.5 mm. In men with T2DM, it was found that the larger the thigh circumference, the lower the risk of carotid plaque after adjustment for potential confounding variables. In women with T2DM, a similar tendency was observed before adjustment, but no statistically significant relationship was seen after adjustment. In women with T2DM, the presence of carotid plaque was higher in the thickest waist group compared to the reference group, but there is no statistical significance after adjustment. However, no difference in carotid arteriosclerosis according to waist and thigh circumference was found in both men and women in prediabetic patients. It suggests that the risk of cardiovascular disease according to the difference in body type such as waist circumference and thigh thickness may appear differently depending on the glucose status. However, further longitudinal studies are warranted.
Disclosure
C.Kim: None. S.A.Jang: None. K.Kim: None. S.Park: None.
Height and weight are commonly used metrics in epidemiologic studies to calculate body mass index. Large cohort studies generally assess height and weight by self-report rather than by measurement. ...The aim of this study was to assess the validity of self-reported height and weight in the Cancer Prevention Study-3 (CPS-3), a large, nationwide cohort recruited by the American Cancer Society between 2006-2013.
In a subset of CPS-3 participants (n = 2,643), weight and height were assessed at the same time via self-report and in-person measurement. BMI was calculated and classified underweight (<18.5 kg/m2), normal (18.5-<25 kg/m2), overweight (25-<30 kg/m2), or obese (≥30 kg/m2). Self-reported and measured height, weight, and BMI were compared using mean differences and Bland-Altman plots and examined by sex, race/ethnicity, education, marital status, age group, and BMI category.
Men and women slightly overreported height and underreported weight. BMI calculated from self-reported data was lower than for measured data for men and women. In analyses stratified by race/ethnicity, age, education, and marital status, older women and women with less than a college degree overreported height. Approximately 13% of men and 7% of women were misclassified into a lower self-reported BMI category, with misclassification of BMI being greatest in obese men and women.
Overall, height, weight, and BMI were well-reported, and this study further suggests that BMI computed from self-reported weight and height is a valid measure in men and women across different socio-demographic groups.
Abstract Increasing levels of physical inactivity is a global burden for mankind and is also an emerging problem in companion dogs. In both humans and dogs, insufficient physical activity is ...associated with increased risk for noncommunicable diseases and impaired quality of life (QoL). The aim of the current pilot study was to evaluate effects of a joint outdoor exercise program for dog owners (n = 22) and dogs (n = 22) with focus on QoL and body measurements. Results indicate that an eight-week exercise intervention alone, with a target distance of at least 2 km twice a week, may be sufficient to significantly increase self-reported QoL and acceptance of bodily appearance in dog owners despite no reductions in body measurements. In dogs, a significantly reduced body condition score (BCS) was registered, despite no considerable changes in feeding. The increased owner motivation for continued joint exercise suggests potential for lifestyle changes, which could be investigated in future studies including control groups and long-term follow-ups. The importance of the human-animal bond as a success factor for increased mutual physical activity and health benefits in both dog owners and dogs is recommended to be studied in a more in-depth manner.
We propose a linear regression model for the estimation of human body measurements. The input to the model only consists of the information that a person can self-estimate, such as height and weight. ...We evaluate our model against the state-of-the-art approaches for body measurement from point clouds and images, demonstrate the comparable performance with the best methods, and even outperform several deep learning models on public datasets. The simplicity of the proposed regression model makes it perfectly suitable as a baseline in addition to the convenience for applications such as the virtual try-on. To improve the repeatability of the results of our baseline and the competing methods, we provide guidelines toward standardized body measurement estimation.
In this investigation, we compared the performance of various parameters including Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR), Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR), Waist Circumference (WC), Body Mass Index (BMI), and ...triglycerides glucose related Index including TyG index, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC in detecting Metabolic Syndrome (MS). (TyG index: TG× FPG, TyG-BMI: TyG index × BMI, TyG-WC: TyG index × WC) In 2013, 2972 registered permanent residents in a rural satellite town of Beijing, aged ≥ 20 years, were invited to participate in the study. MS patients were identified with the criteria of Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS). The receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve analyses and the respective area under the ROC curves (AUC) were used to compare the association of the different index with MS.In men, the AUC was 0.81 (0.78-0.84) for BMI, 0.77 (0.74-0.81) for WHtR, 0.68 (0.63-0.72) for WHR, 0.77 (0.74-0.80) for WC in detecting MS, respectively. In women, the AUC was 0.78 (0.76-0.81), 0.76 (0.73-0.78), 0.66 (0.64-0.68), 0.76(0.74-0.78), respectively. The correlation between BMI and MS was higher than other indicators by comparing AUCs (P<0.05). In men, the AUC was 0.88 (0.86-0.90) for TyG index, 0.89 (0.87-0.92) for TyG-BMI, 0.88 (0.86-0.90) for TyG-WC, respectively. In women, the AUC was 0.88 (0.86-0.90), 0.88 (0.86-0.92), 0.87 (0.85-0.89), respectively. There were no significant differences for these three indexes. However, the correlation between TyG index and MS was higher than BMI (P<0.05).The cut-off points for BMI evaluating MS were 25.0 Kg/m2 in men and 25.3 Kg/m2 in women, and for TyG index were 8.87 in men and 8.80 in women. BMI is an efficient surrogate marker in the evaluation of MS in Chinese people. It can be used to screen MS patients and self-assess the risk in common people easily. TyG index is better than BMI in the evaluation of MS. This will help general practitioners to assess the risks of their patients quickly.
Disclosure
Z. Xin: None.
Funding
Expert Promotion Program of Beijing Health Systems (2015-3-017)
We present an epidermal patch for glucose analysis in sweat incorporating for the first time pH and temperature correction according to local dynamic fluctuations in sweat during on-body tests. This ...sort of correction is indeed the main novelty of the paper, being crucial toward reliable measurements in every sensor based on an enzymatic element whose activity strongly depends on pH and temperature. The results herein reported for corrected glucose detection during on-body measurements are supported by a two-step validation protocol: with the biosensor operating off- and on-bodily, correlating the results with UV–vis spectrometry and/or ion chromatography. Importantly, the wearable device is a flexible skin patch that comprises a microfluidic cell designed with a sweat collection zone coupled to a fluidic channel in where the needed electrodes are placed: glucose biosensor, pH potentiometric electrode and a temperature sensor. The glucose biosensor presents a linear range of response within the expected physiological levels of glucose in sweat (10–200 μM), and the calibration parameters are dynamically adjusted to any change in pH and temperature during the sport practice by means of a new “correction approach”. In addition, the sensor displays a fast response time, appropriate selectivity, and excellent reversibility. A total of 9 validated on-body tests are presented: the outcomes revealed a great potential of the wearable glucose sensor toward the provision of reliable physiological data linked to individuals during sport activity. In particular, the developed “correction approach” is expected to impact into the next generation of wearable devices that digitalize physiological activities through chemical information in a trustable manner for both sport and healthcare applications.
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