The functional activities, such as management, marketing, R&D and fabrication, carried out by a country or industry is of great importance for its governance and upgrading on the global value chains ...(GVCs). This paper provides a long-term macro-economic analysis on China's functional upgrading in GVCs and its drivers between 1999 and 2011. We combine the world input-output database with the newly compiled labour occupations database to measure China's functional income growth in internationally fragmented production networks, and then incorporate the concept into the chaining structural decomposition analysis (SDA) to explore its drivers. We find that China has achieved functional upgrading to some degree, reflected in the growth of China's domestic value added in headquarter activities, such as R&D, at the aggregate and industrial levels. However, fabrication activity still stands out, indicating that China still has a long way to go on upgrading in GVCs. Finally, through the chaining SDA, we find that among the GVC production, technology and consumption effects, the consumption level (consumer demand) is the main factor driving the growth of China's functional upgrading.
This paper explores the contribution of domestic and foreign demand to China's income growth by business function. To this end, we extend a single country input-output approach to a global ...multi-country setting, and further redefine the measure via forward linkages. We also propose chaining structural decomposition analysis to identify the role of domestic and foreign demand in functional income changes over 1999-2011. Using the World Input-Output Database combined with Labor Occupations Database, we distinguish functional activities in production, management, marketing and R&D. This enables us to find that domestic and foreign final demands, especially the former, jointly lead to China's income growth by business function. Dynamically, the generally upward trends in China's income hold in the aggregate as well as by industry and business function. We also find that China's income growth is quite heterogeneous across industries and business functions.
Esta investigación analiza el crecimiento económico desde la teoría de la eficiencia dinámica, utilizando un indicador global de competitividad y uno de libertad económica global, partiendo de la ...hipótesis de que mayor libertad económica se traduce en mayor competitividad y crecimiento económico. La eficiencia dinámica sustentada en autores de la economía austriaca pretende explicar cómo el incremento en la rentabilidad y productividad en la producción de bienes y servicios, depende principalmente de la creatividad empresarial. Desde el punto de vista metodológico, el estudio es descriptivo, correlacional y prospectivo, se empleó datos de panel de las 20 economías más grandes del continente americano; también analiza los principales indicadores macroeconómicos, la calidad de las instituciones, salud, educación primaria, infraestructura y el grado de innovación empresarial, correlacionado con variables que miden el nivel de libertad para hacer negocios, presión fiscal, tamaño del gobierno, seguridad jurídica; se mide la competitividad por medio de los factores que determinan la productividad de una economía. Entre los principales resultados se encontró que el índice de libertad económica y el PIB per cápita, muestran una relación causal bidireccional en el sentido de Granger, develando con ello una relación de endogeneidad entre ambas variables. Se demostró el grado de cointegración, causalidad y explicación de la competitividad y la libertad económica con el crecimiento económico.
The Enterprise Architecture Management (EAM) discipline aims at deriving relevant IT support for a company from its strategy and business architecture. It, therefore, provides an extensive set of ...tools for describing and analyzing architecture for a given organization. One of the central tools bridging the gap between business and IT is the Business Support Matrix (BSM). It provides a high-level overview on business-related abstractions (e.g. business processes or functions) and their supporting software applications. The paper at hand presents and approach basing on the BSM for determining optimization potential in the application landscape of a large logistics company in Germany. This approach includes some basic key performance indicators (KPI) as well as a categorization of software applications in a corporate environment based on business support. It has been developed and evaluated in a German logistics company and is still evolving.
This paper illustrates the most recent results regarding the criticality ranking decision support classifier for an individual business function. The validated classifier is part of the business ...continuity points approach which estimates the recovery complexity of an individual business function and is based on the use case points method for estimating the software complexity. The business continuity points method is utilized in order to estimate specific recovery complexity parameters of a given business function. A part of the approach concerns the business function criticality ranking which is based on the recovery complexity parameters. In this paper, we measure the accuracy in the criticality ranking classifier by comparing results between the speedy and the detailed criticality ranking of a business function. The measurement is performed via the R-Studio software and the confusion matrix technique. The results are based on a learning data set prepared in MS Excel which includes the empirical calculations for constructing the specific classifier.
In the Fourth Industrial Revolution era, the information exchange and integration of the smart factory are highlighted. The facility, including production equipment in smart manufacturing, serves as ...the fundamental component enabling automated and optimized manufacturing operation and production. Nevertheless, there has yet to be a legitimate definition of facility asset management (FAM) functions which are the firm basis for identifying further information and properties. In order to address this issue, this paper defines three-level hierarchical functions of facility asset management (FAM) by integrating four areas of construction management (CM), asset management (AM), facility management (FM), and operation management (OM). An extensive literature was conducted first to incorporate all relevant concepts and definitions of new trends in facility asset management. A structured FAM definition was then formulated using the classes and properties. Finally, the suggestions for applying the proposed FAM functions are illustrated. Practical implications and lessons learned are briefly introduced as well.
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