In The World's Newest Profession Christopher McKenna offers a history of management consulting in the twentieth century. Although management consulting may not yet be a recognized profession, the ...leading consulting firms have been advising and reshaping the largest organizations in the world since the 1920s. This groundbreaking study details how the elite consulting firms, including McKinsey & Company and Booz Allen & Hamilton, expanded after US regulatory changes during the 1930s, how they changed giant corporations, nonprofits, and the state during the 1950s, and why consultants became so influential in the global economy after 1960. As they grew in number, consultants would introduce organizations to 'corporate culture' and 'decentralization' but they faced vilification for their role in the Enron crisis and for legitimating corporate blunders. Through detailed case studies based on unprecedented access to internal files and personal interviews, The World's Newest Profession explores how management consultants came to be so influential within our culture and explains exactly what consultants really do in the global economy.
Oftentimes consulting researchers are faced with generating power calculations for pilot designs that entail complex correlation/covariance structures. In many of these instances it is necessary for ...the statistician to elicit information pertaining to the correlation/covariance structure from researchers with little or no statistical background. We detail a simple strategy that seems to work well with clients for standard repeated measures normal-based models. The algorithm is based solely on eliciting minimum and maximum values. The procedure allows a statistician to develop a "baseline" for parameter values used in the power calculations. We then illustrate how to proceed with the calculations using simulation techniques and normal-based approximations.
Metodos Se utilizaron datos de la Encuesta Mundial Gallup 2020 que habia administrado la Escala de Experiencias de Inseguridad Hidrica Individual y la Escala de Experiencias de Inseguridad ...Alimentaria entre 31 755 encuestados. Estas escalas miden las experiencias de inseguridad en los 12 meses anteriores. Se clasifico a las personas como inseguras con respecto al agua si su puntuacion era greater than or equal to 12 y como inseguras con respecto a los alimentos si el parametro de probabilidad de Rasch era greater than or equal to0,5. Para estimar los porcentajes, se utilizaron pesos de proyeccion. Se estimaron las relaciones entre las medidas binarias y continuas de inseguridad hidrica e inseguridad alimentaria para las personas dentro de cada pais y region utilizando modelos multivariables de regresion logistica y lineal, ajustando por caracteristicas socioeconomicas clave, incluidos los ingresos, el genero, la edad y la educacion.
Today IT consulting services are neither digitalized nor standardized widely. They are conducted with the help of consultants and are fully based on these professionals' knowledge and experience. ...Thus, the results of IT consulting initiatives often differ considerably. With the increasing demands of digitalization and globalization, new and relevant challenges arise within the IT consulting sector. Asset- or platform-based approaches can be considered as a possible means to address these challenges in the current consulting research literature. We believe that these approaches require significantly more research related to formal description of IT consulting services. Formally described Digital IT Consulting Products should be the foundation of computer-based interpretation and a future digital IT consulting service system based management and provisioning. This Ph.D. research project addresses this topic first by conducting a structured literature review to understand the state-of-the-art in IT consulting service digitalization and formal service description. This is followed by focus group interviews conducted with experts from the IT consulting sector in order to understand stakeholder requirements and to be able to design a formal description language. The formal description language is validated by implementation and testing of a prototyped digital IT consulting service system and its experimental analysis.
In the 21st century in Ukraine, there is a large-scale information transformation in all spheres of life, including education. This is a century of large-scale and radical reforms and changes related ...to the modernization of state support for education and the emergence of new opportunities for the development of educational services. Now, education is the subject of special research in various fields of knowledge based on ICT. There is a growing number of various ranks employees who have the potential skills of consultants, teachers, coaches, advisors, etc., which in parallel can perform the functions of consultants in educational institutions. Therefore, in the modern world, consultation and consulting become relevant and important. The article considers the concepts of «consulting» and «information consulting»; it reveals the features of pedagogical counselling in modern educational activities. It was found that counselling (consulting) is a specially organized information interaction between the counsellor and those who need help to solve the problem and make positive changes in the activities of an individual or organisation as a whole. The necessity of the development of counselling in the field of education in the period of modernization and cardinal changes in society has been substantiated. The main purpose of consulting activities at educational institutions has been elucidated, which involves the dissemination and implementation in this process modern advances in science and technology, providing students and population with advisory services on the use of modern technologies and social development, giving consultations and support for various projects, raising the knowledge level and improving the practical skills of those involved in pedagogical interaction. The specifics, functions (consulting, scientific, research, mediation, training ones), role and main directions of development of consulting activity in educational institutions have been determined. Two primary areas that require the systematic use of consulting services in educational institutions have been analyzed, among them the methodological and career counselling. Pedagogical, socio-pedagogical, psychological and managerial types of educational consulting and related with them the informational, career guidance and reputation types of consulting have been characterized. Promising technologies that can provide full-fledged consulting services have been outlined. They cover computer-based pedagogical technologies and the ones that ensure the proper interaction of participants in the educational process. The difficulties and contradictions inherent in the stage of formation of the information and consulting environment of educational institution and the development of consulting services in the field of education have been considered.
We draw on the early history of the management consulting field to build theory about how institutional entrepreneurs legitimate new kinds of organizations in emerging fields. We study the ...professional form of management consulting organization, which came to dominate other alternatives. Pioneers of this organizational form seized opportunities arising from broad institutional change to discredit the status quo and legitimate their model of how to advise organizations on strategic and operational issues. Similar to institutional entrepreneurs seeking to change mature fields, those in this emerging field engaged in theorization, undertook collective action, and established affiliations with recognized authorities and elites. But unlike institutional entrepreneurs in mature fields, the actors we studied could not leverage logics, positions, or collectivities within their emerging field; instead, they drew on logics from outside their field, sought affiliations with external authorities and elites, and emphasized the benefits of their activities for society at large. Our analysis thus suggests important differences in how actors legitimate novel organizational forms in emerging versus mature fields and underscores the need for theories of institutional entrepreneurship that explicitly account for field context.
We present a conceptual framework of academic consulting and explore its impacts on universities and the benefits to innovating firms. We distinguish between three types of academic consulting: ...opportunity-driven, commercialization-driven and research-driven. Exploring the implications of these different types, first, we postulate that consulting has limited impact on biasing academic research towards more ‘applied’ themes. Secondly, while we expect research-driven consulting activities to be positively associated with research productivity, opportunity-driven consulting will have a negative impact. Thirdly, we differentiate between different functions of academic consulting for different types of firms.
PurposeThis paper contains an exploratory analysis of the business model innovations (BMIs) that management consulting firms (MCFs) undertake to remain competitive during digital ...transformation.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses data from a longitudinal multiple case study of the European practices of major global MCFs to provide an overview of how they reconfigure their business model (BM) to gain competitive advantages. It maps BMIs in MCFs through value creation innovation, value proposition innovation and value capturing innovation.FindingsThere is a shift in value proposition from solely giving advice or supporting information technology (IT) implementation to providing end-to-end digital solutions. To materialize value propositions, MCFs acquire new knowledge and digital assets through talent scouting, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). MCFs rely heavily on complementary knowledge and capabilities of actors within ecosystems; thus, they focus on expanding, creating their ecosystems and adopting platforms' configuration and characteristics.Research limitations/implicationsInductively, the authors reached an analytical generalization through six propositions and a theoretical frame that embeds propositions in the previous literature. Future research should test them across the overall management consulting industry.Practical implicationsMCFs are recognized as drivers of innovation and BMIs in most client firms. However, MCFs are rarely analyzed with respect to their BMIs. Understanding how MCFs innovate their business models (BMs) to provide digital transformation (DT) consulting services is relevant for delivering management innovation across industries.Originality/valueThis is the first exploratory study on BMI inside global MCFs during DT.
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