Forced disappearance has hindered the development of conventional forms of mourning, but protocols have gradually emerged, establishing canonical ways of facing that difculty, while the concepts of ...‘disappearance’ and ‘disappeared’ have been consolidated as effective transnational categories capable of explaining new forms of social violence. This article examines how in the new forms of disappearance the manifestations of mourning systematically deviate from the canon and acquire a complexity that exceeds the established tropes about it. It requires reimagining the dynamics of mourning in the new contexts of disappearance and, especially, in those of ‘social disappearance’.
In this study, the forced and free vibrations of a laminated curved beam under moving loads are analyzed. Also, a detailed parametric analysis is performed to clarify the influence of various ...parameters such as stacking sequence and load speed on the vibrational behavior of the system. Mathematical closed-form expressions for the occurrence of various phenomena such as resonance, maximum resonance, resonance disappearance and two types of cancellation are presented. The fundamental frequency of the system is extracted and compared with the available results in the literature. The accuracy of results which are obtained from the analytical approach is validated with that of the numerical solution. Furthermore, for the first time in this paper, it is shown that the laminated curved beams under moving loads are prone to experience cancellation disappearance phenomenon. It is concluded that the necessary conditions for the occurrence of various phenomena can be provided by fine-tuning of layup configuration. Moreover, the results revealed that resonance speeds are equal in both symmetric and non-symmetric cross-ply layups, and are higher than those of other layup types. The modeling and results presented in this study could be beneficial for engineers designing and optimizing high-speed transportation systems.
Enforced disappearance in Africa occurs on a daily basis and no one is immune from becoming a victim. The practice, which commenced during the colonial times, continues today. Governments routinely ...use enforced disappearance as a tool to oppress the opposition and instill fear among the population in order to retain power. It is also used in the context of migration, as well as in many other contexts and against a variety of victims. As enforced disappearance is a crime committed by State officials with an interest in concealing it, the statistics on its prevalence are limited and do not show the full extent of the crime in Africa. Further, the lack of political will to acknowledge the use of this practice means that many African States lack policies and laws to prevent, investigate and punish the perpetrators of enforced disappearance. In the last two years, the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights adopted two resolutions raising awareness of the crime and paving the way for drafting and adopting specific guidelines to address this crime, which would be a first step in setting up a holistic framework to eradicate enforced disappearances on the continent.
Book of the Disappeared confronts worldwide human rights violations of enforced disappearance and genocide and explores the global quest for justice with forceful, outstanding contributions by ...respected scholars, expert practitioners, and provocative contemporary artists. This profoundly humane book spotlights our historic inhumanity while offering insights for survival and transformation.
desde finales del siglo XX, el trabajo desarrollado por profesionales forenses en contextos de guerra se ha tornado en un tema de particular interés, entre otras cosas, por la importancia que tiene ...en el esclarecimiento de graves violaciones a los derechos humanos. El objetivo de este artículo es caracterizar la experiencia de frustración y las estrategias de gestión emocional que utilizan las(os) antropólogas(os) forenses que trabajan en el contexto del conflicto armado colombiano. A través de entrevistas semiestructuradas a diez antropólogas(os) forenses que trabajan en procesos de búsqueda de víctimas de desaparición forzada en Colombia y mediante el uso del método de análisis autobiográfico, el artículo identifica las estrategias mediante las cuales las(os) profesionales forenses gestionan la frustración en un contexto de conflicto armado y violencia política. Todas las entrevistas fueron llevadas a cabo en Bogotá durante el 2019. Se encontró que las(os) antropólogas(os) forenses entrevistadas(os) se confrontan con potenciales fuentes de frustración como escenarios políticos complejos, dificultades del contexto geográfico para adelantar los procesos de búsqueda, situaciones de impunidad de larga duración y altas expectativas por parte de las(os) familiares de las víctimas respecto del hallazgo de los restos. Así, el artículo da cuenta de los modos en que las(os) antropólogas(os) forenses gestionan emocionalmente estas dificultades de manera que logran mantener la motivación y los esfuerzos para continuar realizando su trabajo. El artículo se ocupa, desde una perspectiva novedosa, de los modos de gestión emocional de los impactos que tiene el trabajo en contextos de violencia política y guerra y revela la importancia de avanzar en investigaciones que permitan reconocer al sujeto implicado ante el dolor de las(os) demás.
Enforced disappearances in Mexico are due to criminal violence, but also to the State’s negligence, and its corresponding authorities and institutions, that elude their legal functions of keeping and ...guarding unidentified bodies in order to guarantee the pertinent investigations. The incorrect application of procedures leads to the commission of illegalities that give rise to the loss of unidentified bodies, making impossible or difficult for the relatives of the victims to recover them. This situation lays the foundations for double disappearance in Mexico, based on the omission of state responsibilities or its acquiescence with criminal networks.
•Heterofermentative microbial inoculation improves aerobic stability after short-term fermentation.•Forage sorghum had greater starch disappearance than sorghum sudan.•Prolonged storage length ...increased proteolysis and starch disappearance of both cultivars.
In recent years, the interest to grow sorghum for silage has increased, with greater prominence in areas where water supply and or availability is an issue for plant growth. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of sorghum cultivars (forage or sudan), storage length and microbial inoculation with heterofermentative and facultative homofermentative inoculants on the fermentation profile, DM loss, aerobic stability and ruminal in situ starch disappearance of whole-plant sorghum silage. Whole-plant sorghum (279 ± 37 g/kg DM for forage and 232 ± 29 g/kg DM for sudan) was ensiled in quintuplicate 20 L plastic buckets untreated (CON) or after the following treatments: Lactobacillus plantarum CH6072, L. plantarum LSI, and Pediococcus pentosaceus P6 at 1 × 105 cfu/g of fresh forage (LPPP); L. buchneri LB1819 and Lactococcus lactis O224 at 1.5 × 105 cfu/g (LBLL). Silos were allowed to ferment for 0, 15, 30 or 90 d. Lactic acid and total acids were greatest in sudan sorghum silage, and total acids were greatest in LPPP and lowest for LBLL. Ammonia-N (as g/kg of total N) was greatest with sudan sorghum. The acetic acid was greatest in forage sorghum inoculated with LBLL, intermediate in sudan sorghum inoculated with LBLL, and linearly increased in both cultivars with storage length from 15 to 90 d. Silage aerobic stability was greater for LBLL compared to CON and LPPP. Ruminal in situ starch disappearance was increased with ensiling time, and linearly increased from d 15–90. Microbial inoculation with L. buchneri and Lactococcus lactis increased the acetic acid concentrations, improved aerobic stability, and reduced the DM loss by discarded visible spoilage, at the expense of higher DM loss by gases. This effect was more evident in forage sorghum compared to sudan sorghum.
In recent years, sleepiness during driving has become a main cause for traffic accidents. However, the fact is that we know very little yet about the electrophysiological marker for assessing diver ...sleepiness. Previous studies and our researches have shown that alpha blocking phenomenon and alpha wave attenuation-disappearance phenomenon represent two different sleepiness levels, the relaxed wakefulness and the sleep onset, respectively. This paper proposes a novel model for driver sleepiness detection based on electroencephalography (EEG) and electrooculography (EOG) signals. Our model aims to track the change in alpha waves and differentiate the two alpha-related phenomena. Continuous wavelet transform is adopted to extract features from physiological signals in both time and frequency domains. Meanwhile, Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) network is introduced to deal with temporal information of EEG and EOG signals. To deal with insufficient physiological sample problem, generative adversarial network (GAN) is used to augment the training dataset. Experimental results indicate that the F1 score for detecting start and end points of alpha waves reaches to around 95%. And Conditional Wasserstein GAN (CWGAN) we adopted was effective in augmenting dataset and boost classifier performance. Meanwhile, our LSTM classifier achieved a mean accuracy of 98% for classifying end points of alpha waves under leave-one-subject-out cross validation.
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