Climate change and anthropogenic activities are actively destroying the archaeological record. The dramatic disappearance of archaeological landscapes becomes particularly problematic when they are ...also unrecorded. Hidden from view and eroding, these disappearing landscapes likely hold answers to important anthropological questions. As such, disappearing landscapes present a major challenge for twenty-first century archaeology. Left unchecked, this phenomenon will increase the severity of bias in our knowledge of the past. In this paper we use a case study from Pinckney Island in the American Southeast to illustrate how the problem of hidden and disappearing landscapes can be addressed through multi-scalar surveys. Specifically, by combining aerial LiDAR, pedestrian survey, and micro-artifact approaches, the identification of hidden and disappearing cultural materials (including permanent settlements and ephemeral artifact scatters) can be alleviated.
I have been working as a psychotherapist and social worker with refugee survivors of torture since 1990. I am now involved at the Texas-Mexico border, drawn there by the torture of refugee families ...and their children who are disappeared under the U.S. Administration’s phrase, “family separation.” In the El Paso Sector, I collaborate with several clinical, legal, and investigative journalism organizations. We’ve read of the thousands of children and parents disappeared from one another at the border under that official phrase “family separation.”
•Extension of the finite strain Föppl–von Kármán theory for orthotropic plates.•Experimental proof for disappearance of wrinkling in case of clamped, thin films.•Analysis of the role of emerging ...orthotropy in formation of the wrinkled shape.
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In a recent work (Healey et al., 2013. J. Nonlin. Sci. 23, 777–805.) it is predicted that stretch-induced wrinkled pattern in thin, clamped, elastic sheets eventually disappear as the imposed stretch is increased. The prediction stems from a precise bifurcation analysis of the Föppl–von Kármán equations generalized for finite mid-plane strains. There it is also revealed that for some aspect ratios of the rectangular domain, wrinkles do not occur at all regardless of the applied extension. To verify these predictions we carried out experiments on thin (20 µm thick adhesive covered), previously prestressed elastomer sheets with different aspect ratios under displacement controlled pull tests. On the one hand the adjustment of the material properties during prestressing is advantageous since in the targeted strain regime the film becomes substantially linearly elastic (which is not the case without prestress). On the other hand, a significant, non-negligible orthotropy develops during this first extension. To enable quantitative comparisons we abandon the assumption about material isotropy inherent in the original model and derive the governing equations for an orthotropic medium. We find good agreement between numerical simulations and experimental data by comparing measurements on prestressed specimen with predictions of the orthotropic model.
Analysis of the negativity of the second Piola-Kirchhoff stress tensor reveals that the critical stretch for the bifurcation point at which the wrinkles disappear must be finite for any aspect ratio of the domain. On the contrary, there is no such bound if the continuation parameter is the aspect ratio, which manifests as complicated wrinkled patterns with more than one highly wrinkled zone for elongated rectangles. These arrangements have been found both numerically and experimentally. These findings also support the new finite strain model, since the Föppl–von Kármán equations based on infinitesimal strains do not exhibit such a behavior.
Cemeteries are propitious settings in which to mourn the death of a loved one. Such expressions of grief have particular social logics associated with there being a corpse buried in the grave. But ...how is the relationship of the mourner transformed when there is no body as a result of a forced disappearance? Do the mourners’ interactions differ when there is an identified body as opposed to when there is not? Guided by these questions, Jardín Cementerio Universal de Medellín is presented as a space that unveils strategies used to deal with the complexity of mourning a loved one’s death. The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the manifestations of mourning present in graves with identified and unidentified bodies. To this end, an ethnographic exercise was conducted involving a qualitative analysis of funerary material culture and non-participant observation. The study documents the importance of having a physical space, the gravestone, where one can grieve the loss of a loved one. It is revealed that this space is especially relevant in the case of the indirect victims of forced disappearance, who go through complex mourning processes in the absence of a grave to hold their loved one’s body. In this case, the burial ground is a space that bears witness to the acts of violence that Colombia has suffered.
En este artículo sostengo que el modelo concentracionario nazi no fue el lugar por excelencia de la biopolítica moderna, sino que expresó principalmente la cara tanatopolítica del biopoder. Para ...ello, retomo el análisis de Hannah Arendt, cuya densa trama articula antisemitismo e imperialismo para explicar lo concentracionario como núcleo del totalitarismo nazi. De su trabajo, así como de los escritos testimoniales de sobrevivientes —Primo Levi y otros— se desprende que el dispositivo concentracionario nazi intentó reducir la vida humana de bios a zoé, en un claro ejercicio biopolítico, pero, a su vez, por dirigirse al exterminio directo y selectivo de determinados grupos poblacionales, respondía más al “hacer morir y dejar vivir”, propios de la soberanía, que al “hacer vivir y dejar morir”, que caracteriza a la biopolítica. Tuvo, pues, una dimensión principalmente tanatopolítica. Recupero también las posibles replicaciones y mutaciones de lo total concentracionario en los peligros biopolíticos del presente.
Emergency as a descriptor, technique and legal-political device has become a taken-for-granted way of apprehending and governing events and situations. In this paper, I explore the temporality of ...emergency, through reflections on the use of declarations of emergency in relation to US-based Black Lives Matter protests. I do so in the context of claims and counter-claims about contemporary transformations in what Rheinhart Kosselleck (2004: 241) terms the ‘expected otherness of the future’. Arguing for changes in the form of the ‘expected otherness of the future’ rather than its simple loss, disappearance or absence, I describe how emergency operates around a temporality of exceptionality, urgency and interval. Formal and informal declarations of emergency are, in addition, imbued with hope: the hope that time remains and action can make a difference to events. What the use of declarations of emergency by Black Lives Matter activists does is disrupt the geo-historically specific divide between the everyday and emergency by naming conditions that mix the endemic and the evental as emergencies. In the spark of hope that is the act of declaring that ongoing conditions should be treated as emergencies, the ‘otherness of the future’ folds into and becomes part of the present.
Background
Obesity is known to induce a deterioration of insulin sensitivity (SI), one of the insulin‐dependent components of glucose tolerance. However, few studies investigated whether obesity ...affects also the insulin‐independent component, that is glucose effectiveness (SG). This cross‐sectional study aimed to analyse SG and its components in different body mass index (BMI) categories.
Materials and methods
Three groups of subjects spanning different BMI (kg m−2) categories underwent a 3‐h frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test: Lean (LE; 18.5 ≤ BMI < 25, n = 73), Overweight (OW; 25 ≤ BMI < 30, n = 90), and Obese (OB; BMI ≥ 30, n = 41). OB has been further divided into two subgroups, namely Obese I (OB‐I; 30 ≤ BMI < 35, n = 27) and Morbidly Obese (OB‐M; BMI ≥ 35, n = 14). Minimal model analysis provided SG and its components at zero (GEZI) and at basal (BIE) insulin.
Results
Values for SG were 1.98 ± 1.30 × 10−2·min−1 in all subjects grouped and 2.38 ± 1.23, 1.84 ± 0.82, 1.59 ± 0.61 10−2·min−1 in LE, OW and OB, respectively. In all subjects grouped, a significant inverse linear correlation was found between the log‐transformed values of SG and BMI (r = −0.3, P < 0.0001). SG was significantly reduced in OW and OB with respect to LE (P < 0.001) but no significant difference was detected between OB and OW (P = 0.35) and between OB‐I and OB‐M (P = 0.25). Similar results were found for GEZI. BIE was not significantly different among NW, OW and OB (P = 0.11) and between OB‐I and OB‐M (P ≥ 0.07).
Conclusions
SG and its major component GEZI deteriorate in overweight individuals compared to those in the normal BMI range, without further deterioration when BMI increases above 30 kg m−2.
This article proposes one of the many, but necessary reflections on violence, which is presented with such insistence, that it seems to resonate in the past of a culture so offended by it, such as ...the Mexican one. This arises particularly from an anachronistic and comparative vision between the invisibility of the bodies that inhabit Ecatepec and Mesoamerican violence, specifically the Aztec sacrificial act. To do so, it begins with a reflection by the writer Ileana Diéguez, who constitutes a study on the scenarios and practices that surround the concept of disappearance, approached here as burial. To later approach the notion of sacrifice through a historical-anthropological journey from Serge Gruzinski to the contemporary approach of Guilhem Olivier and Johannes Neurath. Which are constantly traversed by literary fragments, such as those of Octavio Paz, Sergio González or Jean Clair, which lead to think of the action of “burying” as a metaphor for the violence experienced in Mexico
El presente artículo propone una de las tantas, pero necesarias reflexiones de la violencia, la cual se presenta con tal insistencia que parece resonar en el pasado de una cultura tan agraviada por ésta, como lo es la mexicana. Este escrito surge de una visión anacrónica y comparativa entre la invisibilidad de los cuerpos que habitan Ecatepec y la violencia mesoamericana, específicamente del acto sacrificial azteca. Para hacerlo, se inicia con una reflexión de la escritora Ileana Diéguez, quien constituye un estudio sobre los escenarios y prácticas que rodean el concepto de desaparición, abordado aquí como entierro. Para posteriormente acercar la noción de sacrificio mediante un recorrido histórico-antropológico desde Serge Gruzinski hasta el enfoque contemporáneo de Guilhem Olivier y Johannes Neurath —dicha noción es atrevesada constantemente por fragmentos literarios, como los de Octavio Paz, Sergio González o Jean Clair, que encaminan a pensar la acción de “enterrar” como una metáfora de la violencia vivida en México—.
•Temporal binding effect emerged when making something disappear.•Same magnitudes of temporal binding in the appearing and disappearing situations.•Cross-situational consistency of the temporal ...binding effect.
Sense of agency refers to the feeling of control over actions and action outcomes. Previous studies were mostly confined to the situation of performing actions to make objects appear, while it remains unexplored whether we experience sense of agency when making objects disappear. Here, we examined the temporal binding effect, an implicit index of sense of agency, in performing actions to make objects disappear and compared the magnitude of this effect in the appearing and disappearing situations. Results showed that the temporal binding effect emerged when object’s disappearances served as action outcomes. Moreover, the temporal binding effects in the appearing and disappearing situations did not differ significantly. Our findings extend the temporal binding effect to the situation of voluntarily making objects disappear, suggesting a comparable level of implicit sense of agency when voluntarily making objects disappear and appear.
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