A large number of tutorials for popular software development technologies are available online, and those about the same technology vary widely in their presentation. We studied the design of ...tutorials in the software documentation landscape for five popular programming languages: Java, C#, Python, Javascript, and Typescript. We investigated the extent to which tutorial pages, i.e. resources , differ and report statistics of variations in resource properties. We developed a framework for characterizing resources based on their distinguishing attributes , i.e. properties that vary widely for the resource, relative to other resources. Additionally, we propose that a resource can be represented by its resource style , i.e. the combination of its distinguishing attributes. We discuss three techniques for characterizing resources based on our framework, to capture notable and relevant content and presentation properties of tutorial pages. We apply these techniques on a data set of 2551 resources to validate that our framework identifies valid and interpretable styles. We contribute this framework for reasoning about the design of resources in the online software documentation landscape.
To evaluate associations between the electronic environment, clerical burden, and burnout in US physicians.
Physicians across all specialties in the United States were surveyed between August and ...October 2014. Physicians provided information regarding use of electronic health records (EHRs), computerized physician order entry (CPOE), and electronic patient portals. Burnout was measured using validated metrics.
Of 6375 responding physicians in active practice, 5389 (84.5%) reported that they used EHRs. Of 5892 physicians who indicated that CPOE was relevant to their specialty, 4858 (82.5%) reported using CPOE. Physicians who used EHRs and CPOE had lower satisfaction with the amount of time spent on clerical tasks and higher rates of burnout on univariate analysis. On multivariable analysis, physicians who used EHRs (odds ratio OR=0.67; 95% CI, 0.57-0.79; P<.001) or CPOE (OR=0.72; 95% CI, 0.62-0.84; P<.001) were less likely to be satisfied with the amount of time spent on clerical tasks after adjusting for age, sex, specialty, practice setting, and hours worked per week. Use of CPOE was also associated with a higher risk of burnout after adjusting for these same factors (OR=1.29; 95% CI, 1.12-1.48; P<.001). Use of EHRs was not associated with burnout in adjusted models controlling for CPOE and other factors.
In this large national study, physicians' satisfaction with their EHRs and CPOE was generally low. Physicians who used EHRs and CPOE were less satisfied with the amount of time spent on clerical tasks and were at higher risk for professional burnout.
The contribution of José López Yepes has as main purpose to propose a reflection on the fundamentals of the Documentation, the Library and Information Science in a time of great changes and the loss ...of many landmarks. According to the scholar we must start from the study of the concepts of information and documents and their close relationship. The message, says Yepes, is transmitted through the document in space and time and so in turn become an important source of information. Information is therefore the core and foundation of documentation and related disciplines, although it can not be considered an exclusive object of their study. We must then go back to think about the document, and in particular on its nature, since it is a necessary starting point for scholars of the subject. The author, in this article, in addition to signaling the need for a theoretical study aims to rediscover the work of Paul Otlet and in particular the Traité de Documentation (1934). The aim is not simply to pay tribute to the founder of modern documentation, but to invite to recognize the relevance of a thought that still can make an important contribution to the redefinition of key concepts of the discipline.
A principios de los años 20 del siglo XX las ruinas de la ciudad romana de Pollentia habían llamado la atención de uno de los eruditos con mayor reconocimiento del país, Gabriel Llabrés Quintana. Sus ...conexiones personales y el conocimiento que tenía sobre la ciudad fueron fundamentales para conseguir financiación estatal para emprender la primer intervención arqueológica oficial en 1923. Ello permitió excavar en cuatro zonas diferentes, descubriendo los restos de varios edificios y piezas todavía hoy emblemáticas. Sin embargo, nunca se emitieron memorias oficiales ni se publicaron los resultados.En el centenario de esta primera intervención, el presente artículo ofrece un análisis detallado del desarrollo de los trabajos gracias al escrutinio, principalmente, de la documentación original de Llabrés. A la vez, se estudian las circunstancias de la campaña en su contexto histórico y social, para, finalmente, proponer una revisión actual de varios de los hallazgos, en especial los de tipo edilicio.
Background
Virtual scribe services (VSS) are a contemporary take on the in-person scribes utilized as a means to reduce administrative burden on physicians and enhance the physician-patient ...interaction. The purpose of this study was to determine whether VSS use could decrease the time an orthopaedic foot and ankle surgeon spends on documentation without diminishing the patient experience as compared with traditional postencounter dictation (TD).
Methods
Fifty patients presenting for first-time visits with a single orthopaedic foot and ankle surgeon were prospectively enrolled and randomized to VSS or TD prior to the physician-patient encounter. Time spent with the patient in the exam room and time spent documenting away from the patient were recorded. A postencounter survey assessed patient satisfaction, perception of physician empathy, understanding of the plan, and perception of the amount of time spent with the physician.
Results
Of 50 patients enrolled, 25 were randomized to VSS. Time spent documenting away from the patient differed significantly between VSS and TD (1.2 ± 0.7 minutes for VSS vs 5.8 ± 1.7 minutes for TD, P < .001) as did time elapsed between the end of the visit and the start of dictation (0 ± 0 for VSS vs 118.2 ± 72.7 minutes for TD, P < .001). There was a trend toward more time spent with the patient in the VSS group than in the TD group (14.2 ± 5.9 minutes for VSS vs 11.4 ± 5.1 minutes for TD, P = .069). There were no differences between groups in survey responses regarding satisfaction, empathy, understanding, or perception of sufficient time spent with the physician (P > .05 for each).
Conclusions
VSS use in an orthopaedic foot and ankle practice significantly decreased documentation time and allowed for completion of documentation during patient visits without differences in quality metrics as compared to TD. Orthopaedic surgeons can consider VSS a HIPAA-compliant documentation option with time savings and no measurable difference in patient satisfaction.
Levels of Evidence:
Level II: Randomized controlled trial
The article deals with determining the place and role of the state unified system of documentation in the field of jurisprudence. It is proved that determining the place and role of the state unified ...system of documentation in the field of jurisprudence has not yet become the object of study. Provisions on the functioning of existing documentation systems are analyzed, which are divided into: basic, infrastructural and disciplinary. Changes and additions to their classification are developed, the state unified system of documentation in the field of jurisprudence is localized among them.The state unified system of documentation in the field of jurisprudence is a set of official documents that have a single form and are prepared in accordance with uniform standards, designed to ensure and to set a direction for the activities of state executive bodies, enterprises, institutions and organizations, as well as their one-vector and two-vector links іn relations with individuals and legal entities of all forms of ownership in the legal sphere, exchange of information with them. It is proposed to single out documentation systems in the field of science, education and practical activities among the basic documentation systems. The material-production, social and historical forms of this activity are determined, in the last of which jurisprudence and the state legal unified system of documentation are localized. Its diffusion into other basic systems (education and science), system-forming role for them is proved. It was found that the state unified system of documentation in the field of jurisprudence is a part of the legal system of documentation. Together with management system of documentation, it represents the infrastructure systems, which are characterized by the property of diffusion and which operate in the infrastructure of the basic areas and ensure their functioning. The need for addition of the spectrum of scientific and disciplinary systems of documentation (technical, humanitarian, natural), formed on the content of scientific (scientific and technical) branches, by public disciplinary system of documentation; similar introduction of the corresponding structure of educational disciplinary systems of documentation, were made evident. It is determined that the state unified system of documentation in the field of jurisprudence is a type of these disciplinary systems of documentation, since law occupies its own place in the spectrum of social sciences and academic disciplines.
Aim
To obtain an overview of existing evidence on quality criteria, instruments, and requirements for nursing documentation.
Design
Systematic review of systematic reviews.
Data sources
We ...systematically searched the databases PubMed and CINAHL for the period 2007–April 2017. We also performed additional searches.
Review methods
Two reviewers independently selected the reviews using a stepwise procedure, assessed the methodological quality of the selected reviews, and extracted the data using a predefined extraction format. We performed descriptive synthesis.
Results
Eleven systematic reviews were included. Several quality criteria were described referring to the importance of following the nursing process and using standardized nursing terminologies. In addition, some evidence‐based instruments were described for assessing the quality of nursing documentation, such as the D‐Catch. Furthermore, several requirements for formats and systems of electronic nursing documentation were found that refer to the importance of user‐friendliness and development in consultation with nursing staff.
Conclusion
Aligning documentation with the nursing process, using standard terminologies, and using user‐friendly formats and systems appear to be important for high‐quality nursing documentation. The lack of evidence‐based quality indicators presents a challenge in the pursuit of high‐quality nursing documentation.
Impact
There is uncertainty in nursing practice about which criteria have to be met to achieve high‐quality documentation.
Aligning documentation with the nursing process, using standard terminologies, and using user‐friendly formats and systems appear to be important.
These findings can help nursing staff and care organizations enhance the quality of nursing documentation.
摘要
目的
了解护理文件质量标准、编制工具和要求方面现有循证概况
设计
对系统评价进行系统综述
数据来源
我们系统地搜索了文献数据库和护理学数据库,搜索范围从2007年至2017年8月。我们还进行了其他搜索
综述方法
两位研究人员各自分步综述、评估所选综述方法的质量以及使用预定义的提取格式提取数据。我们进行了描述性综合分析。
结果
包括11项系统评价,从遵循护理程序和使用标准化的护理术语的重要性方面讲述几个质量标准。此外,还叙述了一些用于评估文件质量的循证工具如DCatch。而且发现电子护理文件的格式和系统的几个要求涉及到用户友好与护理人员协商发展的重要性。
结论
使文件与护理程序保持一致、使用标准术语、采用用户友好的格式和系统,这些对于建立高质量护理文件似乎非常重要。建立高质量文件的一大挑战即为缺乏循证的质量指标。
影响
在护理实践中,无法确定为建立高质量文件必须要满足哪些标准。
使文件与护理程序保持一致、使用标准术语、采用用户友好的格式和系统似乎很重要。
这些发现可以帮助护理人员和保健组织提高护理文件编制质量。
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