ABSTRACT
We present the implementation of updated stellar evolution recipes in the codes nbody6++gpu, mocca, and mcluster. We test them through numerical simulations of star clusters containing ...1.1 × 105 stars (with 2.0 × 104 in primordial hard binaries) performing high-resolution direct N-body (nbody6++gpu) and Monte Carlo (mocca) simulations to an age of 10 Gyr. We compare models implementing either delayed or core-collapse supernovae mechanisms, a different mass ratio distribution for binaries, and white dwarf (WD) natal kicks enabled/disabled. Compared to nbody6++gpu, the mocca models appear to be denser, with a larger scatter in the remnant masses, and a lower binary fraction on average. The mocca models produce more black holes (BHs) and helium WDs, while nbody6++gpu models are characterized by a much larger amount of WD–WD binaries. The remnant kick velocity and escape speed distributions are similar for the BHs and neutron stars (NSs), and some NSs formed via electron-capture supernovae, accretion-induced collapse, or merger-induced collapse escape the cluster in all simulations. The escape speed distributions for the WDs, on the other hand, are very dissimilar. We categorize the stellar evolution recipes available in nbody6++gpu into four levels: the one implemented in previous nbody6++gpu and mocca versions (level A), state-of-the-art prescriptions (level B), some in a testing phase (level C), and those that will be added in future versions of our codes.
The scientific community relies upon the veracity of the scientific data in handbooks and databases. In a previous work, the authors developed a systematic, intelligent, and potentially automatic ...method to detect errors in such resources based on artificial neural networks (ANNs). This method revealed variations from (10 to 900) % in tables of property data for elements in the periodic table and pointed out the ones that are most probably correct. In this paper, we focus on the details of employing this method for analyzing the data of boiling points and enthalpies of vaporization recorded in different handbooks. The method points out the values that are likely to be correct. To verify the method employed, a detailed discussion of the data with reference to the original literature sources is given as well as factors that may affect the accuracy of the prediction.
Doctors play a key role in health information system through clinical documentation. The study aimed to assess doctors' compliance with national medical documentation standards. The study was carried ...out in government hospitals having in-ward patient care facilities in Gampaha district, Sri Lanka. The doctors' knowledge and practices were assessed using a questionnaire. 500 Bed Head Tickets (BHTs) which are the medical records of inward patients, were audited in selected government hospitals in the same district using a check list to ascertain the doctors' compliance with standards in practice. Only 29.46% doctors were aware of the government circular on standards of medical record. Although 82.84%, 66.37% and 76.3% doctors knew that final diagnosis should be written according to International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 10, in block capitals and without any abbreviations, respectively. Only 7.61% BHTs were found to have fulfilled all standards. There were gaps in the knowledge of doctors regarding standards in clinical documentation practice. The awareness of and reference to published guidelines were not satisfactory. Poor transfer of knowledge into practice was evident by the results of BHT survey. As publishing guidelines or teaching alone may not improve the compliance of doctors with the standards in clinical documentation practice, more innovative strategies should be sought for.
Due to the deep socioeconomic implications, induced seismicity is a timely and increasingly relevant topic of interest for the general public. Cases of induced seismicity have a global distribution ...and involve a large number of industrial operations, with many documented cases from as far back to the beginning of the twentieth century. However, the sparse and fragmented documentation available makes it difficult to have a clear picture on our understanding of the physical phenomenon and consequently in our ability to mitigate the risk associated with induced seismicity. This review presents a unified and concise summary of the still open questions related to monitoring, discrimination, and management of induced seismicity in the European context and, when possible, provides potential answers. We further discuss selected critical European cases of induced seismicity, which led to the suspension or reduction of the related industrial activities.
Key Points
We provide a unified and concise summary about the still open questions on monitoring, discrimination, and management of induced seismicity
We review critical cases of induced seismicity in Europe which led to the suspension of the related industrial activities
This study outlines the scientific and societal challenges posed by the induced seismicity in a European perspective
Purpose:
Photography is an essential part to plastic surgery in terms of procedural planning and documentation. With the increasing quality of commercially available digital cameras, an investigation ...of the effect of camera type on patient perception of the office visit is necessary. Therefore, we aim to investigate the impact of using a traditional DSLR style camera versus a smartphone in office-based patient photography.
Method:
A Likert scale survey was completed by patients following office visits to assess comfort with office photography. Key points included: sex, age, number of previous visits, comfort with photographic experience, and camera type used.
Results:
100 patients (78 F, 21 M) were included; 47 had photographs taken with a DSLR camera and 52 had photos taken with a smartphone. The mean decade of cohort age was 40 to 49 years old. No statistical difference in patient comfort between DSLR camera and smartphone use was observed (4.71 ± 0.72 vs 4.64 ± 0.57, P: .58). When data was stratified by sex or number of previous visits, there was still no difference in comfort across camera types. There was no significant main effect of age on comfort level (P = .109); However, a post-hoc Tukey’s analysis showed significant comfort differences between the <18 and 18-29 subgroups and the <18 and 60 to 69 subgroups (P = .040 and P = .041 respectively).
Conclusion:
Patients were overall equally comfortable with their photographic experience when providers used either camera. Smartphone cameras, therefore, should be regarded as a suitable alternative for office use without fear of invoking negative perceptions in patients.
The last twenty years have seen efforts to support the study of minority and lesser-studied languages of India from varied stakeholders: these include the Indian government, international and Indian ...nonprofit organizations, indigenous and state-level cultural and language committees and institutes, and individuals with a passion to preserve and document their cultures and languages. Their efforts have led to mixed success due to conflicting ideologies, history, and resource availability (Annamalai 2003). Basing my observations on my research, personal experience and engagement with language documentation activities in the country, I provide an overview of the current state of language study and my hopes and efforts for future of language documentation and description in India.
Reproducibility in language documentation and description means that the analysis given in descriptive publication is presented in a way that allows the reader to access the data on which the claims ...are based, to verify the analysis for themself. Linguists, including Himmelmann, have long pointed to the centrality of documentation data to linguistic description. Over the twenty years since Himmelmann's 1998 paper we have seen a growth in digital archiving, and the rise of the Open Access movement. Although there is good infrastructure in place to make reproducible research possible, few descriptive publications clearly link to underlying data, and very little documentation data is publicly accessible. We discuss some of the institutional roadblocks to reproducibility, including a lack of support for the development of published primary data. We also look at what work on language documentation and description can learn from the recent replication crisis in psychology.
This paper explores the parameters of interdisciplinary work in language documentation. Citing the strong call for the involvement of disciplines, other than linguistics, beginning with Himmelmann, ...to the present trajectories for language documentation research, the author claims that more attention is needed to the enactment of interdisciplinary work from project conception to the follow-through in terms of where to disseminate outcome.
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