3D porous carbon-coated Li sub(3)N nanofibers are successfully fabricated via the electrospinning technique. The as-prepared nanofibers exhibit a highly improved hydrogen-sorption performance in ...terms of both thermodynamics and kinetics. More interestingly, a stable regeneration can be achieved due to the unique structure of the nanofibers, over 10 cycles of H sub(2) sorption at a temperature as low as 250 degree C.
Eu super(3+) doped lanthanum oxybromide (LaOBr) nanostructures including nanofibers, nanoribbons, and hollow nanofibers were fabricated for the first time via calcining the electrospun PVP/La(NO ...sub(3)) sub(3)+Eu(NO sub(3)) sub(3)+NH sub(4)Br composites. X-ray diffraction analysis results showed that LaOBr:Eu super(3+) nanostructures were tetragonal in structure with space group of P4/nmm. The morphologies and sizes of the LaOBr:Eu super(3+) nanostructures were studied by scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. The mean diameter of the nanofibers and hollow nanofibers, and the width of nanoribbons are 118.02 plus or minus 14.21, 115.84 plus or minus 13.37 nm, and 1.56 plus or minus 0.25 mu m, respectively. Under the excitation of 289 nm ultraviolet light, LaOBr:Eu super(3+) nanostructures exhibit the red emissions of predominant peak at 618 nm, which is ascribed to the super(5)D sub(0) arrow right super(7)F sub(2) transition of the Eu super(3+) ions. It is found that the optimum doping concentration of the Eu super(3+) ions in the LaOBr:Eu super(3+) nanofibers is 5 %. Interestingly, we found that the luminescence intensity of nanofibers is obviously greater than that of the hollow nanofibers and nanoribbons for LaOBr:Eu super(3+) under the same measuring conditions. Moreover, the color emissions of LaOBr:Eu super(3+) nanostructures can be tuned by adjusting the concentration of Eu super(3+) and the morphologies of nanomaterials. The obtained LaOBr:Eu super(3+) nanostructures may be promising nanomaterials for applications in the fields of light display systems and optoelectronic devices.
Electrospinning, a common method for synthesizing 1D nanostructures, has contributed to developments in the electrical, electrochemical, biomedical, and environmental fields. Recently, a coaxial ...electrospinning process has been used to fabricate new nanostructures with advanced performance, but intricate and delicate process conditions hinder reproducibility and mass production. Herein, recent progress in new emerging parameters for successful coaxial electrospinning, and the various nanostructures and critical application areas resulting from these activities. Relationships between the new parameters and final product characteristics are described, new possibilities for nanostructures achievable via coaxial electrospinning are identified, and new research directions with a view to future applications are suggested.
Coaxial electrospinning has contributed to developments in nanoscience including electrical, electrochemical, biomedical, and environmental fields. New emerging parameters are discussed that enable nanofibers with diverse nanostructures to be fabricated from a variety of materials. Additionally, critical application areas resulting from these activities are presented.
This book is comprised of important reviews and cutting-edge original research papers concerning electrospun and electrosprayed formulations in drug delivery. Electrospinning and electrospraying ...have, in recent years, attracted increasing attention in the pharmaceutical sector, with research in the area advancing rapidly. It is now possible to prepare extremely complex systems using multi-fluid processes, and to increase production rates to an industrial scale. Electrospun formulations can be produced under GMP conditions and are in clinical trials.
In this volume, we explore a range of topics around electrospinning and electrospraying in controlled drug delivery. Four reviews cover the exciting potential of cyclodextrin-containing fibers and the many potential biomedical applications of electrospun fibers. The use of electrospinning to prepare amorphous systems and improve the dissolution rate and solubility of poorly soluble active ingredients is addressed, and the possibilities of such materials in tissue engineering are comprehensively covered.
The six original research papers cover the effect of molecular properties on API release from Eudragit-based electrospun fibers; ferulic acid solid dispersions; electrospun medicines to treat psoriasis; scale up of electrospinning and its use to produce low-dose tablets; transepithelial permeation of drugs released from electrospun fibers, and the possibilities for the synergistic chemophotothermal treatment of cancer.
Interventions and policies for tackling air pollution issues exist and have been proven to be effective. Membrane materials of nanofibrous morphology are attractive for air filtration, and further ...alleviate the environmental issues. Electrospinning as a simple and versatile way to fabricate ultrafine fibers has been attracting tremendous attention. Herein, the recent researches and future trends of green electrospinning are expounded from the aspects of green degradable materials, green solution electrospinning, and solvent‐free electrospinning. The green degradable materials, including biomass materials, biosynthetic polymer materials, and chemical synthetic materials are reviewed. Following the concept of green electrospinning, electrospun polymer nanofibers via aqueous solution are discussed; additionally, further trends of solvent‐free electrospinning including melt‐electrospinning, anion‐curing electrospinning, UV‐curing electrospinning, thermo‐curing electrospinning, and supercritical CO2‐assisted electrospinning are highlighted. Furthermore, the applications of these electrospun nanofibrous membranes in the field of air filtration are discussed. In the end, the challenges of green electrospinning and future prospects are summarized. The development of green electrospinning is reviewed with an emphasis on current advanced solvent‐free research, where electrospun nanofibrous membranes are contributing to promising treatment strategies to solve environment issue.
Herein, the recent researches and future trends of green electrospinning are expounded. Following the concept of green electrospinning, electrospun polymer nanofibers via aqueous solution and further trends of solvent free electrospinning are discussed. The development of green electrospun nanofiber membranes is reviewed where green electrospun scaffolds are contributing to promising treatment strategies to air pollution.
New nanostructure means new nanotechnology and nanoscience. The need of complex nanostructure‐based advanced functional nanomaterials has promoted the appearance of several kinds of multifluid ...electrospinning processes, such as tri‐axial electrospinning, quad‐fluid coaxial electrospinning, tri‐fluid side‐by‐side electrospinning, and coaxial electrospinning with a side‐by‐side core. These multifluid processes can greatly expand the capability of electrospinning in generating new types of nanostructures with different organization manner of the inner parts, and from both spinnable and unspinnable working fluids. The key elements for conducting a multifluid electrospinning lie in a well‐designed spinneret, compatibility of the working fluids, and special operational parameters. The complex nanostructures can be created through direct electrospinning of multiple fluids, through after‐treatment of the electrospun products, and through ingenious design of the components, compositions and their spatial distributions as well. This article provides a simple review on the most recent publications about the multifluid electrospinning processes and the corresponding complex nanostructures.
This article is characterized under:
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanomaterials and Implants
Multifluid electrospinning for the generation of complex nanostructures.
Abstract
It is urgently required to develop highly efficient and stable bifunctional non‐noble metal electrocatalysts for both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction ...(OER) for water splitting. In this study, a facile electrospinning followed by a post‐carbonization treatment to synthesize nitrogen‐doped carbon nanofibers (NCNFs) integrated with Ni and Mo
2
C nanoparticles (Ni/Mo
2
C‐NCNFs) as water splitting electrocatalysts is developed. Owing to the strong hydrogen binding energy on Mo
2
C and high electrical conductivity of Ni, synergetic effect between Ni and Mo
2
C nanoparticles significantly promote both HER and OER activities. The optimized hybrid (Ni/Mo
2
C(1:2)‐NCNFs) delivers low overpotentials of 143 mV for HER and 288 mV for OER at a current density of 10 mA cm
−2
. An alkaline electrolyzer with Ni/Mo
2
C(1:2)‐NCNFs as catalysts for both anode and cathode exhibits a current density of 10 mA cm
−2
at a voltage of 1.64 V, which is only 0.07 V larger than the benchmark of Pt/C‐RuO
2
electrodes. In addition, an outstanding long‐term durability during 100 h testing without obvious degradation is achieved, which is superior to most of the noble‐metal‐free electrocatalysts reported to date. This work provides a simple and effective approach for the preparation of low‐cost and high‐performance bifunctional electrocatalysts for efficient overall water splitting.
This article reports a spectrofluorometric method for the determination of sunitinib (STB) drug based on molecularly imprinted nanofibers fabricated by the electrospinning method and modified by ...magnetic nanoparticles as sorbent. The characterization of magnetic molecularly imprinted nanofibers (MMINs) was carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which confirmed the successful synthesis of MMINs with well-distributed magnetite nanoparticles. Drug adsorption and desorption were optimized and important parameters such as sample pH, nanofiber mass, adsorption and desorption time, eluent solvent and sample volume were analyzed. The results demonstrated that the MMINs act as a selective sorbent for STB and can be readily collected through an external magnetic field. Methanol was used as the best eluent solvent for STB desorption from MNIN. A linear correlation was observed between the STB concentrations and fluorescence intensities in the range of 0.01–15.0 mg L−1. The detection limit for this method was 0.002 mg L−1. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of 2.6 % for 1.0 mg L−1 and 1.1 % for 10 mg L−1 of STB (n = 3) were obtained, which indicates that the developed method is precise in determining STB. Human serum and capsule analysis show the applicability of the proposed sensor for real samples.
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•A spectrofluorometric method using magnetic molecularly imprinted nanofibers (MMIN) for determining sunitinib concentration.•MMINs selectively adsorb sunitinib and are easily retrievable with an external magnet, streamlining the extraction process.•Optimal conditions for sunitinib adsorption by MMINs were established, including pH level, nanofiber mass, and extraction time.•The spectrofluorometric method with a linear response to sunitinib concentrations (0.01–15.0 mg L−1) with a detection limit of 0.002 mg L−1.•Successful application for extracting and quantifying sunitinib in human serum and capsule samples.
Electrospinning (ES) methods that can produce piezoelectricity in polymer nanofibers have attracted tremendous research attention. These electrospun polymer nanofibers can be employed for sensors, ...energy harvesting, tissue engineering, and filtration applications. This paper reviews the performance of a variety of electrospun piezoelectric polymer nanofibers produced by different ES methods, including near‐field electrospinning and conventional far‐field electrospinning methods. Herein, it is described how the ES method can affect the piezoelectric properties of various polymer nanofibers, including poly(vinylidene difluorine), poly(vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene), nylon 11, poly(l‐lactic acid), and poly(α‐benzyl‐l‐glutamate). Due to the varied matrix structures of piezoelectric polymer nanofibers, the ES method may conduct variable effects on the piezoelectric properties of polymer nanofibers. After characterizations by X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, dielectric spectra, and piezoelectric coefficient measurements, it is found that the piezoelectric properties of the polymer nanofibers can be significantly affected by the ES parameters. Most of previous review articles focus on the output performance of electrospun polymer nanofibers. A detailed description of how different ES methods affect the piezoelectricity of polymer nanofibers is still lacking. In this review paper, the basic principle behind ES methods and the way in which different ES methods affect the properties of polymer nanofibers are examined.
This paper reviews the piezoelectric properties of electrospun polymer nanofibers produced by different electrospinning (ES) methods, including near‐field electrospinning and conventional far‐field electrospinning methods. The polymers include poly(vinylidene difluorine), nylon 11, poly(l‐lactic acid), and poly(α‐benzyl‐l‐glutamate). The aim of the review is to find the basic principle behind ES methods and how different ES methods affect the properties of polymer nanofibers.
