One of the main targets of globally aimed strategies such as the UN-supported Race to Zero campaign or the European Green Deal is the decarbonisation of the building sector. The implementation of ...renewable energy sources in new urban structures, as well as the complex reconstruction of existing buildings, represents a key area of sustainable urban development. Supporting this approach, this paper introduces the solar-surface-area-to-volume ratio (Rsol) and the solar performance indicator (Psol), applicable for evaluation of the energy performance of basic building shapes at early design stages. The indicators are based on the preprocessors calculated using two different mathematical models—Robinson and Stone’s cumulative sky algorithm and Kittler and Mikler’s model—which are then compared and evaluated. Contrary to the commonly used surface-area-to-volume ratio, the proposed indicators estimate the potential for energy generation by active solar appliances integrated in the building envelope and allow optimisation of building shape in relation to potential energy losses and potential solar gains simultaneously. On the basis of the mathematical models, an online application optimising building shape to maximise sun-exposed surfaces has been developed. In connection with the solar-surface-area-to-volume ratio, it facilitates the quantitative evaluation of energy efficiency of various shapes by the wider professional public. The proposed indicators, verified in a case study presented, shall result in the increased sustainability of building sector by improving the utilisation of solar energy and overall energy performance of buildings.
This paper presents a new energy efficiency-based classification approach for street lighting. This approach considers the improvement of visual performance by correcting the standard photometry ...system (photopic) by the mesopic system, recommended within the CIE 191:2010 and the operational hours of the lighting system, aspects that are usually disregarded by the most-used energy classifications. The method proposed here is based on the value function concept, which allows standardizing an energy performance indicator, representing a satisfaction degree. To validate the approach proposed, a case study in 13 representative streets of the
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District of Barcelona is carried out, comparing results with those obtained by other three energy efficiency classifications used in Spain, Netherlands, and Italy. These results derived from the application of the method supports decision-making when using different energy classifications and straightforward to quantify potential energy savings.
In international management, ISO 50001 has been widely applied in organisations across the world, including Thailand. The main objective of this standard is to continuously and sustainably improve ...the energy performance of the organisation in order to reduce energy consumption and costs, including alleviating environmental climate change impacts. This standard stipulates the measurement of energy performance improvement using energy performance indicators (EnPIs) and the energy baseline (EnB). This study proposes a simplified model of energy performance indicators ( EnPIs), effective for ISO 50001 energy management at organisational level. Appropriate internal benchmarking is proposed for measuring three levels of energy performance, namely organisational, process, and main machine, through energy consumption, intensity, and efficiency. Multiple linear regression was selected to develop energy equations to express the relationship between energy consumption and significantly related variables such as service usage, operating hour, and CDD for business buildings, etc. The proposed EnPIs are applied to measure the energy performance of the case study of business buildings in Thailand complying with ISO 50001. This method can be effectively used to measure changes in the energy performance of the organisation as well as the processes and considered as a comparative alternative to public benchmarking, such as kWh/m2. The findings of this study are considered to be beneficial for every organisation adopting the ISO 50001 system. This proposed method can be effectively used to monitor and measure the organisation's energy performance towards sustainable energy management. However, it still has certain limitations. In the case of energy consumption models that are related to non-linear related variables, it is necessary to conduct further studies to determine more appropriate EnPIs.
Abstract
The global pressing need to protect the environment, save energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions worldwide has prompted the enterprises to implementing both individual energy saving ...measures and a more systematic approach to improve the overall enterprise’s energy performance. Energy management is becoming a priority as enterprises strive to reduce energy costs, conform to regulatory requirements, and improve their corporate image. As such, enterprises are encouraged to manage their energy related matters in a systematic manner and a more harmonized way, to ensure continual improvement on their energy efficiency. Despite the increasing interest in energy management standards, a gap persists between energy management literature and current implementation practices. The release of the ISO 50001 international standard was meant to help the organizations develop sound energy management systems and effective process-based energy management structures that could be recognized through third-party certification. Building on the energy management literature and energy management standards, the current paper presents the essential steps the enterprises should take to practically design a sustainable energy management system. Also, by using multiple case studies of enterprises that have implemented an ISO 50001 energy management system, it introduces a structured approach that companies can use to effectively develop their energy planning and improve energy performance. The key components of the enterprise’s energy planning are discussed, as well as practical examples of energy objectives and performance indicators from various industries are offered. The paper shows that by establishing an effective energy planning system, this will efficiently meet demands for achieving energy performance indicators and international certification.
Establishing lean and green learning factories is a practical approach to meet rising resource efficiency requirements in industrial manufacturing. Besides lean aspects, the impact of increasing ...flexibility in intralogistics on energy consumption needs to be quantified and transferred to industry decision makers via suitable learning scenarios to deepen the understanding of energy-related dependencies of various transport technologies. This paper presents an approach for a systematic identification and implementation of lean and resource efficiency potentials focusing on automated guided vehicles.
Therefore, energy efficiency of alternative assets is measured, simulated and characterized by using Energy Performance Indicators.
Greenhouse gas emissions and energy usage are increasing rapidly, posing a significant threat to the environment and the sustainability of the Earth. One of the ways to mitigate this issue is through ...the implementation of Energy Management Systems (EnMS) in industries, where overall efficiency improvement and energy expenditures cutback are targeted. This work aims to address the energy consumption in a can manufacturing factory. Here, machine learning approach is used to optimize the energy performance of the compressed air system (CAS) which is the major contributor to the factory's energy usage at 38%. In this work, the Energy Performance Indicators (EnPI) of the CAS is predicted using KNN by employing the variables from CAS itself. The collected variables are first analyzed using Dataiku software and correlation matrix and heatmap technique, giving two sets of key features. The predicted EnPI showed high accuracy when compared to the actual values.
During a machine's design phase a lack of reliable specification data resulting from the use phase specific application leads to energy losses in various discrete manufacturing processes. The reason ...for instance could be inefficient design of drive components or insufficient machine control. In order to support machine designers with reliable input data to e.g. dimension drive components in energy efficient way, this contribution presents an approach how to measure and interprete energy consumption data of machines during its use phase. This can be applied to derive energy efficiency measures on components level. The identified measures then are implemented during the design phase of the next machine generation or realized during the machines use phase by energy efficient machine upgrading.
The Mediterranean climate is characterized by a high level of the solar resource in winter and some coolness of the nights in summer, which offer a good opportunity for thermal comfort achievement at ...low energy cost and reduced CO
2 emissions, provided that an appropriate design of the building envelope is adopted. It has thus been decided to implement some regulations in three countries of North-Africa for controlling the heating and cooling loads. The study described in this paper has been conducted in the frame of this project. It has two objectives: to define adequate indicators for the thermal performance of buildings during both the cold season and the hot one, and to develop a standard calculation procedure for these indicators. The developed procedure, CHEOPS, is fast and requires minimum input data; it is very easy to use, the steps for calculating the cooling and heating coefficients being almost the same. The transmission losses and the solar gains are clearly identified; this fact can contribute to a better understanding by the designer of the effect of each parameter, leading him towards the appropriate trade-offs between summer and winter considerations.
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