Bireylerin etnosentrik eğilimleri doğrultusunda markalara yönelik satın alma niyeti geliştirdikleri varsayılmaktadır. Markalar ise ait oldukları menşei ülke bilgilerini bir avantaja çevirme ve bu ...avantajı tüketicileri ikna etme aracı olarak kullanma gayreti içerisine girmektedir. Bu bağlamda işletmeler ambalajlarında veya iletişim çalışmalarında yerli üretim ifadelerini kullanarak bireylerde kendi ürünlerine yönelik satın alma niyeti oluşturmaya çabalamaktadır. Söz konusu varsayımdan yola çıkan bu araştırma kapsamında etnosentrik eğilim bağlamında yerli üretim logosunun bireylerde satın alma niyeti oluşturmadaki rolü duş jeli ve meşrubat ürün kategorileri çerçevesinde sorgulanmıştır. Anket tekniğinin kullanıldığı ve 316 katılımcı ile gerçekleşen araştırmada aynı zamanda katılımcıların etnosentrik eğilim seviyeleri doğrultusunda ilgili ürün kategorilerine yönelik satın alma niyeti arasındaki farklılıkları da sorgulanmıştır. Sonuçlar doğrultusunda bireylerin etnosentrik eğilimlerinin yerli üretim logosunun kullanıldığı duş jeli ve meşrubat ürünlerine yönelik satın alma niyeti oluşumu üzerinde pozitif yönde etkili olduğu görülürken, etnosentrik eğilim seviyeleri ile bu ürünlere yönelik oluşan satın alma niyeti arasında da anlamlı farklılıkların olduğu sonucuna erişilmiştir.
It is assumed that individuals develop purchase intentions for brands in line with their ethnocentric tendencies. On the other hand, brands endeavor to turn their country of origin information into an advantage and use this advantage as a means of convincing consumers. In this context, businesses are trying to create purchase intention in individuals for their products by using the expressions of domestic production in their packaging or communication studies. Within this research based on this hypothesis, the role of domestic production logo in creating intention to buy in individuals in the context of ethnocentric tendency has been questioned within the framework of shower gel and beverage product categories. This research using questionnaire technique was conducted with 316 participants and differences between the participants’ intentions to buy for the relevant product categories in line with their ethnocentric tendency levels were questioned. According to the results, it was observed that ethnocentric tendencies of the individuals had a positive effect on the creation of purchase intention for shower gel and beverage products using the domestic production logo, and it was concluded that there were significant differences between the levels of ethnocentric tendency and purchase intention for these products.
This study compares three instruments to measure ethnocentrism - the Generalized Ethnocentrism (GENE) scale, the Consumer Ethnocentrism scale (CET: 10-item CETSCALE), and the Tourism Ethnocentrism ...(TE) scale - for their applicability in the tourism context. It examines dimensionality, reliability, and validity of the scales, as well as their explanatory power in intent to travel domestically and internationally. The study uses PCA, CFA, and linear and quadratic regressions for analyses. The study concludes that the three instruments, while by design emphasizing different aspects of ethnocentrism, largely reflect the same underlying construct. However, TE scale has discriminant validity from the other two scales, while GENE and CET do not. The three scales have the same pattern of relationship with tourism-related variables of tourist type (primarily domestic or primarily international tourist) and cultural identity. The paper recommends using CET and TE in the domestic tourism domain and GENE and CET in the international tourism domain, with the final choice depending on the research focus. Theoretical implications are also discussed.
People often demonstrate a home country bias toward their own nation over other nations. This bias is an important determinant of their behavior. Drawing on seminal research from marketing and ...psychology, the authors provide the first investigation of the tourism ethnocentrism (TE) phenomenon that captures tourists’ and residents’ motivation to support the domestic tourism economy. The research reported herein develops the parsimonious, reliable, and valid TE scale, and provides an empirical test thereof. The results show that TE is an important means to investigate both tourists’ and residents’ behavior. It drives tourists’ willingness to engage in and recommend domestic tourism, as well as residents’ support for domestic tourism development. The results further reveal that higher levels of tourists’ “perceived self-efficacy to contribute to the domestic economy” and lower levels of “perceived economy support of others” strengthen TE’s effect. The authors discuss the implications of these findings for research and practice.
El término solidaridad se ha convertido hoy día en tema corriente. Sin embargo, la solidaridad encuentra sentido sólo desde una fundamentación normativa. Estaríamos hablando de una solidaridad ...posconvencional, que no renuncia por ello a las estructuras de un mundo de la vida cotidiano. Por eso, la solidaridad necesita diferenciarse de un tipo de solidaridad etnocentrista —como es la tesis defendida por Rorty— y pensarse desde un punto de vista posconvencional. La teoría de Habermas parece ofrecer una alternativa que responde a las exigencias de un concepto de solidaridad imbricado con un compromiso normativo.Nowadays, the terrn solidarity is widespread. However, solidarity only becomes meaningful when it comes from a normative grounding. We refer to a post-convencional solidarity, which does not role out the structures of a quotidian world. Consequently, solidarity must be distinguished from a type of ethnocentric solidarity —as in the thesis defended by Rorty— to be contemplated from a post-conventional viewpoint. The theory of Habermas appears to offer an alternative that meets the demands of a concept of solidarityinterwoven with a normative commitment.
Drawing from a large sample of consumer survey in five major cities of China, this empirical study examines different underlying mechanisms of cultural identity and consumer ethnocentrism constructs. ...Furthermore, it investigates their different impacts on consumer preferences and buying behavior regarding domestic vs. import brands based on a group of hypotheses derived from theoretical conceptualizations. Test results demonstrate that cultural identity enhances both preference and purchasing of domestic brands. On the other hand, consumer ethnocentrism has a negative impact on relative preference for import brands but not on actual buying of domestic or import brands. Moderating role of brand equity is also examined. Theoretical contribution and managerial impactions based on such findings are provided.
Consumers' preferences for domestic over imported products have been investigated in various isolated studies, but never in a single model incorporating several in-group and out-group consumer ...orientations at the same time. Building on social identity theory, this study develops and tests—in two countries—a conceptual model that assesses the relative influence of consumer ethnocentrism, national identity, and consumer cosmopolitanism on consumers' product judgments and willingness to buy domestic and foreign products. Furthermore, the study develops an empirically based typology of consumer segments using these sociopsychological traits and subsequently profiles them on consumptionrelevant variables. The findings reveal several undiscovered patterns regarding the interplay of consumer ethnocentrism, national identity, and consumer cosmopolitanism as drivers of consumer behavior and offer managerial guidance on their relevance as segmentation variables.
In recent years, nations have regained prominence as central symbols of political unity and mobilization, and proved capable of serving political goals across the political spectrum. Yet, the current ...revival of the national extends well beyond the realm of politics; it is anchored in the logic of global capitalism, and has become inextricably intertwined with the practices of promotion and consumption. Our article seeks to map the interface between nationalism and economic life, and bring some clarity to the so far fragmented debate on the topic, which developed under diverse headings such as ‘economic nationalism’, ‘nation branding’, ‘consumer ethnocentrism’ and ‘commercial nationalism’. We focus more closely on developing the concept of consumer nationalism, which received little sustained attention in cultural studies and in social sciences and humanities more generally. We offer a definition of consumer nationalism, situate it vis-a-vis the broader phenomena of economic nationalism and political consumerism, and propose an analytical distinction between political consumer nationalism and symbolic consumer nationalism. Drawing on existing literature we then consider a range of examples and examine how these two forms of consumer nationalism become involved in the reproduction of nationalism, taking into account both consciously nationalist discourses and practices as well as the more banal, everyday forms of nationalism.
Perceived price and perceived quality are two generic factors influencing purchasing decisions. Their importance is also connected with the effect of the country of origin. The main aim of the ...article is to examine the perception of price and quality in the context of individual countries of origin of the European Union and influence of the consumer ethnocentrism on this perception. From the point of view of methodology, we use general philosophical-scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, scientific abstraction etc.) and, to a large extent, also methods of descriptive and inductive statistics. Specifically, we use correlation analysis to examine the direction and intensity of relationships, cluster analysis to examine the similarities of individual countries of the European Union in terms of perceived price and quality, as well as a one-way ANOVA test to verify hypotheses. Scale tools for measuring perceived quality, perceived price, and the degree of consumer ethnocentrism achieve a high degree of estimation of validity and reliability (estimated using McDonald's omega and Cronbach's alpha). The results indicate differences in the perception of price and quality of individual countries of origin of food. It can be assumed that the level of consumer ethnocentrism is below average in the conditions of Slovakia, and it has an impact on food evaluation only in the home country. The results can be used both for marketing and in the conditions of international trade, tourism, and in many other fields of theory and praxis.Implications for Central European audience: Knowledge of the perception of price and quality of individual countries is important for international trade and marketing. Knowledge of the perception of these two factors helps to create strategies for both domestic and foreign companies operating in Slovakia. In this article, we examine the perception of all countries in the European Union, which allows for comparison. Foods from certain countries perceived better quality and cheaper will be more in demand. Demonstrating the effectiveness of consumer ethnocentrism has an impact on the development of strategies by domestic companies and the government to create support for the purchase of domestic production.
The concept of "Strategic Culture" has enjoyed a resurgence in the last two decades as a method for understanding the behavior and decision making of potential adversaries. Strategic culture ...assessment methodologies offer a way to examine the policy choices of states, while accounting for ethnocentric biases. While these assessments have been used widely for analyzing adversaries, they are underutilized in assessing allies. The emergence of great power competition between the U.S. and China will increase pressure on the U.S.-Japan alliance. Increasing the understanding of Japan's strategic culture will provide the United States insight into ways to engage with Japan to make strategies to compete with China more effective.
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