Pervasive edge computing refers to one kind of edge computing that merely relies on edge devices with sensing, storage and communication abilities to realize peer-to-peer offloading without ...centralized management. Due to lack of unified coordination, users always pursue profits by maximizing their own utilities. However, on one hand, users may not make appropriate scheduling decisions based on their local observations. On the other hand, how to guarantee the fairness among different edge devices in the fully decentralized environment is rather challenging. To solve the above issues, we propose a decentrailized computation offloading algorithm with the purpose of minimizing average task completion time in the pervasive edge computing networks. We first derive a Nash equilibrium among devices by stochastic game theories based on the full observations of system states. After that, we design a traffic offloading algorithm based on partial observations by integrating general adversarial imitation learning. Multiple experts can provide demonstrations, so that devices can mimic the behaviors of corresponding experts by minimizing the gaps between the distributions of their observation-action pairs. At last, theoretical and performance results show that our solution has a significant advantage compared with other representative algorithms.
At 7:30 a.m. on June 16, 1944, George Junius Stinney Jr. was
escorted by four guards to the death chamber. Wearing socks but no
shoes, the 14-year-old Black boy walked with his Bible tucked under
his ...arm. The guards strapped his slight, five-foot-one-inch frame
into the electric chair. His small size made it difficult to affix
the electrode to his right leg and the face mask, which was clearly
too large, fell to the floor when the executioner flipped the
switch. That day, George Stinney became, and today remains, the
youngest person executed in the United States during the twentieth
century.
How was it possible, even in Jim Crow South Carolina, for a
child to be convicted, sentenced to death, and executed based on
circumstantial evidence in a trial that lasted only a few hours?
Through extensive archival research and interviews with Stinney's
contemporaries-men and women alive today who still carry
distinctive memories of the events that rocked the small town of
Alcolu and the entire state-Eli Faber pieces together the chain of
events that led to this tragic injustice.
The first book to fully explore the events leading to Stinney's
death, The Child in the Electric Chair offers a compelling
narrative with a meticulously researched analysis of the world in
which Stinney lived-the era of lynching, segregation, and racist
assumptions about Black Americans. Faber explains how a
systemically racist system, paired with the personal ambitions of
powerful individuals, turned a blind eye to human decency and one
of the basic tenets of the American legal system that individuals
are innocent until proven guilty.
As society continues to grapple with the legacies of racial
injustice, the story of George Stinney remains one that can teach
us lessons about our collective past and present. By ably placing
the Stinney case into a larger context, Faber reveals how this case
is not just a travesty of justice locked in the era of the Jim Crow
South but rather one that continues to resonate in our own
time.
A foreword is provided by Carol Berkin, Presidential Professor
of History Emerita at Baruch College at the City University of New
York and author of several books including Civil War Wives: The
Lives and Times of Angelina Grimke Weld, Varina Howell Davis, and
Julia Dent Grant.
Fog computing is a new computing architecture, composed of a set of near-user edge devices called fog nodes, which collaborate together in order to perform computational services such as running ...applications, storing an important amount of data, and transmitting messages. Fog computing extends cloud computing by deploying digital resources at the premise of mobile users. In this new paradigm, management and operating functions, such as job scheduling aim at providing high-performance, cost-effective services requested by mobile users and executed by fog nodes. We propose a new bio-inspired optimization approach called Bees Life Algorithm (BLA) aimed at addressing the job scheduling problem in the fog computing environment. Our proposed approach is based on the optimized distribution of a set of tasks among all the fog computing nodes. The objective is to find an optimal tradeoff between CPU execution time and allocated memory required by fog computing services established by mobile users. Our empirical performance evaluation results demonstrate that the proposal outperforms the traditional particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm in terms of CPU execution time and allocated memory.
In this study we integrate insights from ‘top‐down’ and ‘bottom‐up’ traditions in organizational change research to understand employees’ varying dispositions to support change. We distinguish ...between change initiation and change execution roles and identify four possible role configurations in which top managers (TMs) and middle managers (MMs) can feature in change. We contend that both TMs and MMs can play change initiation and/or change execution roles, TMs and MMs have different strengths and limitations for taking on different change roles, and their relative strengths and limitations are compounded or attenuated based on the specific configuration of change roles. We subsequently hypothesize employee support for change in relation to different TM‐MM change role configurations. Our findings show that change initiated by TMs does not engender above‐average level of employee support. However, change initiated by MMs engenders above‐average level of employee support, and even more so, if TMs handle the change execution.
Com o objetivo de assegurar a execução do débito alimentar, o CPC/2015 estabeleceu diferentes técnicas processuais para a consecução desse direito, tais como a expropriação e a prisão civil. A ...doutrina e jurisprudência controvertem acerca da possibilidade de cumulação dessas técnicas processuais no mesmo procedimento, argumentando alguns que os procedimentos são diversos e devem ser mantidos separadamente. Este artigo pretende analisar a exigência de duplo procedimento considerando as normas que disciplinam o tema, os princípios da economia processual, da celeridade e da efetividade do processo e a especial proteção conferida pela Constituição às pessoas que dependem de alimentos para garantir sua dignidade.
PurposeThis study identifies three emerging approaches for leading successful digital transformation. It challenges the validity and effectiveness of traditional linear processes for digital ...transformation that first develop a new strategy, business model or organizational design enabled by digital technologies and then execute it according to the plan.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on current research with a group of global digital champions at the forefront of digital transformation, including Amazon, Alibaba, Baidu, Google, JD.com, Uber, VMWare and Slack.FindingsThe research finds that at least three new approaches are emerging in leading organizations, which are (1) innovating by experimenting, (2) radical transformation via successive incremental changes and (3) dynamic sustainable advantages through an evolving portfolio of temporary advantages.Research limitations/implicationsMore research is needed to systematically investigate such emerging approaches and develop new theories and new analytical frameworks.Practical implicationsThese emerging approaches can be used to guide digital transformation initiatives.Social implicationsThey also enable business leaders to tackle grand societal challenges using financially sustainable and scalable operational models, generating profit and impact at the same time.Originality/valueIt challenges traditional linear approaches for leading digital transformation and highlights the need for new and iterative approaches for bridging the strategy–execution gap in the volatile digital economy.
Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the reconstruction of Religious Court decision execution on the fulfilment of children’s rights post-divorce in Indonesia.
Theoretical Framework: This ...research is based on the postulate that court decisions ideally aimed to guarantee justice and legal certainty for the parties, but in reality, not all judge’s decisions can be implemented as well. This can be seen in the implementation of religious court decisions in Indonesia regarding children's maintenance rights post-divorce.
Design/Methodology/Approach: This research uses a juridical-normative method. The sources and techniques of data collection were obtained from documentation studies, literature, and interviews with informants. The data analysis technique uses a deductive approach to formulate a conclusion.
Findings: The results of this research show that on the one hand, the regulation of the father's obligations towards child support post-divorce in the judge's decision at the Religious Courts refers more to the positive laws that implemented in Indonesia. On the other hand, positive law in Indonesia has not yet effective in regulating the execution of judges' decisions regarding the children's rights post-divorce because it is only voluntary and lacks coercive power.
Research, Practical & Social Implications: As the implication of the research, family law in Indonesia needs to be reconstructed through conducting special regulations regarding the execution mechanism regarding the fulfillment of children's rights post-divorce to be more regulatory, binding, and coercive.
Originality/Value: The value of the research originality became an explanatory method for the conceptual development of the reconstruction of Religious Court decision execution on the fulfilment of children’s rights post-divorce in Indonesia.
Esta investigación se basa en el postulado de que las decisiones judiciales idealmente apuntaban a garantizar justicia y seguridad jurídica para las partes, pero en realidad no todas las decisiones de los jueces pueden implementarse también. Esto se puede ver en la implementación de decisiones de los tribunales religiosos en Indonesia con respecto a los derechos de manutención de los niños después del divorcio. Esta investigación utiliza un método jurídico-normativo. Las fuentes y técnicas de recolección de datos se obtuvieron de estudios de documentación, literatura y entrevistas con informantes. La técnica de análisis de datos utiliza un enfoque deductivo para formular una conclusión. Los resultados de esta investigación muestran que, por un lado, la regulación de las obligaciones del padre con respecto a la manutención de los hijos después del divorcio en la decisión del juez de los tribunales religiosos se refiere más a las leyes positivas que se implementaron en Indonesia. Por otro lado, el derecho positivo en Indonesia aún no ha sido eficaz para regular la ejecución de las decisiones de los jueces sobre los derechos de los niños después del divorcio porque es sólo voluntario y carece de poder coercitivo. Como implica la investigación, el derecho de familia en Indonesia debe reconstruirse mediante la implementación de regulaciones especiales sobre el mecanismo de ejecución relacionado con el cumplimiento de los derechos de los niños después del divorcio para que sea más regulatorio, vinculante y coercitivo.
Esta pesquisa baseia-se no postulado de que as decisões judiciais visam idealmente garantir justiça e segurança jurídica às partes, mas, na realidade, nem todas as decisões dos juízes podem ser implementadas também. Isto pode ser visto na implementação das decisões dos tribunais religiosos na Indonésia relativamente aos direitos alimentares das crianças após o divórcio. Esta pesquisa utiliza um método jurídico-normativo. As fontes e técnicas de coleta de dados foram obtidas a partir de estudos documentais, literatura e entrevistas com informantes. A técnica de análise de dados utiliza uma abordagem dedutiva para formular uma conclusão. Os resultados desta investigação mostram que, por um lado, a regulamentação das obrigações do pai em relação à pensão alimentícia pós-divórcio na decisão do juiz nos Tribunais Religiosos refere-se mais às leis positivas implementadas na Indonésia. Por outro lado, o direito positivo na Indonésia ainda não foi eficaz na regulação da execução das decisões dos juízes relativas aos direitos das crianças pós-divórcio porque é apenas voluntário e carece de poder coercivo. Como implicação da investigação, o direito da família na Indonésia precisa de ser reconstruído através da condução de regulamentos especiais relativos ao mecanismo de execução relativo ao cumprimento dos direitos das crianças pós-divórcio para ser mais regulatório, vinculativo e coercitivo.
The Bitcoin blockchain enables users to conduct transactions securely, but its performance is restricted by the need for global consensus. Payment channels, as a promising solution to this issue, ...overcome this limitation through off-chain transactions. Instead of conducting each transaction on-chain, they only settle the final payment balances with the underlying blockchain. However, the most prominent scheme, the Lightning Network payment channel, requires participants to regularly monitor blockchain; otherwise, there is a potential risk of fund loss. Moreover, this scheme also fails to support participants in settling the final payment balances in real time, compromising the efficiency of fund utilization. Existing payment channel enhancing technologies are unable to overcome the above issues without compromising payment privacy. To solve the above issues, we apply the Intel Software Guard Extensions (SGX), which provides trusted execution environments with confidentiality and integrity guarantees, to design a novel Bitcoin payment channel scheme. The scheme can support real-time settlement yet guarantee the participants' fund security without monitoring the blockchain. Through a combination of the additive homomorphic property of keys, the secret sharing scheme, and customized punishments, our scheme can still guarantee fund security and off-chain transaction privacy, even if the confidentiality of SGX is compromised by side-channel attacks. Finally, security and performance analysis demonstrate that our scheme allows participants to construct a secure yet efficient payment channel to transfer value.
CAMP proposes a hierarchical cache subsystem for multi-core mixed criticality processors, focusing on ensuring worst-case execution time (WCET) predictability in automotive applications. It ...incorporates criticality-aware locked L1 and L2 caches, reconfigurable at mode change intervals, along with criticality-aware last level cache partitioning. Evaluation using CACOSIM, Moola Multicore simulator, and CACTI simulation tools confirms the suitability of CAMP for keeping high-criticality jobs within timing budgets. A practical case study involving an automotive wake-up controller using the sniper v7.2 architecture simulator further validates its usability in real-world mixed criticality applications. CAMP presents a promising cache architecture for optimized multi-core mixed criticality systems.
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