The purpose of this research was to examine a comprehensive model of attendee loyalty at a local festival. More specifically, the research tested a model linking festival authenticity to festival ...quality, value, satisfaction, trust and loyalty to a given festival. Using convenience sampling method, empirical data was collected at the Turkmen handicrafts festival in Gonbad-e-Kavoos, the most important city in the Turkmen Sahra region, Iran. A sample of 301 domestic tourists who attended the festival was surveyed. Applying structural equation modeling, the findings showed that perceived authenticity influenced perceived quality, value and satisfaction. Perceived quality was found to have the direct effect on perceived value, satisfaction and trust. Perceived value affected satisfaction, trust and loyalty. Satisfaction had the direct effect on loyalty and so did trust.
•A comprehensive model of attendee loyalty at a local festival was examined.•Perceived authenticity influenced perceived quality, value and satisfaction.•Perceived quality was found to have the direct effect on perceived value, satisfaction and trust.•Perceived value affected satisfaction, trust and loyalty.•Satisfaction had the direct effect on loyalty and so did trust.
In April 1966, thousands of artists, musicians, performers and writers from across Africa and its diaspora gathered in the Senegalese capital, Dakar, to take part in the First World Festival of Negro ...Arts (Premier Festival Mondial des arts nègres). The international forum provided by the Dakar Festival showcased a wide array of arts and was attended by such celebrated luminaries as Duke Ellington, Josephine Baker, Aimé Césaire, André Malraux and Wole Soyinka. Described by Senegalese President Léopold Sédar Senghor, as ‘the elaboration of a new humanism which this time will include all of humanity on the whole of our planet earth’, the festival constituted a highly symbolic moment in the era of decolonization and the push for civil rights for black people in the United States. In essence, the festival sought to perform an emerging Pan-African culture, that is, to give concrete cultural expression to the ties that would bind the newly liberated African ‘homeland’ to black people in the diaspora. This volume is the first sustained attempt to provide not only an overview of the festival itself but also of its multiple legacies, which will help us better to understand the ‘festivalization’ of Africa that has occurred in recent decades with most African countries now hosting a number of festivals as part of a national tourism and cultural development strategy.
By focusing on the Festival Scope platform as a case study, this article aims to analyze a particular way in which film festivals use digital technologies to extend their influence. Digital platforms ...provide festivals with unprecedented visibility and can facilitate the circulation of 'festival films' in the festival circuit as well as their market access. In particular, the 'Festivals on Demand' experience of the Festival Scope platform is characteristic of the dominance of festivals' gatekeeping role in the cinephile universe, and reveals the symbolic power of these events and their prescribing capacity for both general audiences and professionals.
Culture always speaks to the history and meaning of place. Music festivals in particular carry considerable significance as they are produced through spatial and temporal processes that extend their ...symbolic and material meaning beyond their local settings. The onset of COVID-19 and the Black Lives Matter (BLM) protests in Bristol intensified debates about festival diversity. Drawing on interviews with Bristol-based festival producers, this article examines popular music festivals and the places, communities and identities they represent. Rather than repeating the common criticism of festivals for being too white, we contribute to the debates by unravelling complex processes embedded within festival production. Using Lefebvre’s concept of conceived space, we argue that (racial) diversity is a spatial conundrum for music festivals. We demonstrate this through the way festival space is conceived: culturally – as it is framed within established music festival discourses; economically – through entrepreneurial networks of independent producers within local music cultures; socially – their ideals (including diversity), tastes and lifestyles inadvertently organise and represent particular symbolic and material formations of (racialised) identities and communities.
Festivals are the most viable source of tourism promotion and provide recognition to different cultures and communities. This paper proposed and examined a holistic model of festival word of mouth ...(WOM), which is influenced by authenticity, promotion, loyalty, quality, and satisfaction. Accordingly, the current paper investigated the effect of the proposed model with reference to Lok Virsa handicrafts, the most famous festival of the Islamabad region in Pakistan. The findings revealed that the festival quality has direct impact on WOM and promotion. Promotion has a positive influence on loyalty, satisfaction, and WOM. Festival authenticity strongly influences promotion, quality, satisfaction, and WOM. Festival satisfaction is positively related to WOM and loyalty. Whereas, festival loyalty and WOM are significantly associated. The results suggest that festival organizers should deliver the claims and promises in the festival that they have made with tourists. This technique will harvest positive WOM and increase tourist re-visitation to upcoming festivals.
The aim of this study is to explore a tourist preference towards information-communication technologies (ICTs) use at large-scale events, as well as disadvantages of insufficient ICTs implementation. ...In addition, we highlighted the importance of ICT usage on large-scale events for achieving smart tourism agenda. The importance and performance analysis of 38 attributes related to usage of ICTs at EXIT, a well-known European music festival held annually in Novi Sad (Serbia), was conducted. By employing an exploratory factor analysis, seven factors were extracted. The results show that the "level of smartness" of EXIT festival is relatively low. Furthermore, some advanced smart applications do not necessarily match tourists' needs and interests, while festival organizers should focus on more basic online information access. Festival should make an optimal use of smart tourism facilities by offering the right smart tourism devices and services, enabling tourists to meet smart technologies on time.
An emerging paradigm for festival and event management reveals that hosting theme-based festivals can foster economic growth at the local and national levels. As a case of this research, the annual ...Macau Food Festival was selected to explore relationships among visitors’ perceptions of festival quality, festival value, trust in the festival, visitors’ satisfaction, and behavior intention. Out of 453 questionnaires distributed, 433 questionnaires were valid for data analysis using partial least squares-structural equation modeling. The results showed that festival quality consisting of the sub-dimensions of hospitality, venue, product, convenience, and program have a positive impact on festival value, trust in festival, and festival satisfaction, which in turn affect festival loyalty. Based on these empirical findings, the current study offers practical and theoretical implications for destination management organizations and festival hosts to sustain annual theme-based festivals held at a certain destination such as Macau Food Festival.
Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted the fast growth of online music festivals. This paper explores how festivalgoers' experience affects their satisfaction and drives their loyalty to ...re-attend online music festivals in China. Design/methodology/approach Based on an understanding of the music festival experience and the characteristics of live-streamed performances, this paper investigates five factors that affect festivalgoers' satisfaction and loyalty, namely the music experience, ambience experience, separation experience, social experience and novelty experience. The relationships between festivalgoers' experience, satisfaction and loyalty are also explored using structural equation modelling techniques. Findings The empirical results suggest that four of the above-mentioned five factors of the online music festival experience directly affect festivalgoers' satisfaction and loyalty. The online mode is a rapid adaptation of and preferred alternative to offline music festivals, whilst the creation of the experience, along with satisfaction with and loyalty to the online music festival, are determined by different factors compared to offline modes. Overall festival satisfaction positively enhances the relationship between festivalgoers' experience and loyalty to online music festivals. Practical implications This study offers a range of practical and managerial implications for organisers of online music festival, similar activities such as live-streaming concerts and stage performances and hybrid events. Originality/value This study explores a phenomenon that has evolved quickly since COVID-19 and will, potentially, have an ongoing and enduring impact on the music festival sector. It differentiates the understanding of festivalgoers' experience in online and offline modes, which is a new addition to the literature. It also enriches the theoretical understanding of the experience of, satisfaction with and loyalty to online music festivals.
Choo, N. and Han, J.Y., 2023. Evaluating the effectiveness of a traditional beach festival in Busan, South Korea: An example from the Gwangalli-Eobang Festival. In: Lee, J.L.; Lee, H.; Min, B.I.; ...Chang, J.-I.; Cho, G.T.; Yoon, J.-S., and Lee, J. (eds.), Multidisciplinary Approaches to Coastal and Marine Management. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 116, pp. 498-502. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. This study explores the significance of local festivals in promoting tourism and preserving traditional culture. Busan, a city in South Korea, invests in creating and expanding tourism resources, and the region hosts over 70 festivals annually, which are considered vital in fostering a sense of community, increasing local participation, and reviving the local economy. The Gwangalli-Eobang Festival, Busan's flagship beach event, is analyzed as a case study to explore the factors that contribute to its success. The festival embodies the concept of mutual growth and has been recognized as Busan's exclusive cultural tourism event. However, not all traditional festivals enjoy a positive reputation, and some have been criticized for their lack of social foundations, uniform content, and absence of regional distinctiveness. The study examines the success factors of the Gwangalli-Eobang Festival and explores the direction for preserving traditional culture. The study employs analytical frameworks based on Cho (2013), Han (2005), and Lee (2009) to provide a comprehensive assessment of the success of local festivals. The study highlights the importance of adapting and responding swiftly to the rapid pace of social and environmental changes to manage the festival successfully. The study also emphasizes the importance of providing historical preservation, participation, visitor experience, accessibility, diversity, and economic sustainability. Overall, the study provides insight into the value and usefulness of local beach infrastructure, the significance of transmitting education utilizing intangible cultural assets, and the continued planning of festivals promoting cultural tourism and benefiting the community.
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