PurposeConsumer affinity may be a key factor in overcoming ethnocentric barriers and promoting a favourable attitude towards specific foreign countries and their products. However, progress in ...knowledge of this concept in international marketing literature has suffered from a lack of integration and analysis. The purpose of this study was to shed new light on the concept of consumer affinity based on a comprehensive systematic review of the literature, provide a critical analysis of previous research in terms of conceptual, methodological and substantive issues and problems and offer avenues for future research.Design/methodology/approachThis structured systematic review of consumer affinity included articles published in international peer-reviewed journals from 2008 to 2021, examining key conceptual, operational and substantive aspects.FindingsThis systematic review of articles on consumer affinity published over the past 14 years revealed that this line of research is a growing vibrant domain in the context of international marketing. It also showed that current knowledge of consumer affinity is characterized by theoretical inconsistencies, contradictory empirical results and scant international marketing research in the affinity domain.Originality/valueThis article provides an overview of the extant literature on consumer affinity and yields a consolidated image of its current status, as well as a research agenda that raises new questions for the academic community.
L’expatriation constitue un déplacement volontaire hors du pays d’origine, marqué par la possibilité du retour. Ce mouvement migratoire singulier s’est accru avec la mondialisation des échanges. Bien ...qu’ils aient choisi de se déplacer, certains expatriés rencontrent des difficultés qui les amènent à consulter. Cet article propose une synthèse des résultats de la revue de littérature que nous avons menée, relative au vécu subjectif de l’expatrié. Afin de rassembler les données existantes, nous avons suivi la méthode PRISMA. Sur 423 publications, parues entre 1992 et 2022, extraites de différents moteurs de recherche, nous en avons retenu et analysé 25. Il en ressort que, chez certains individus, le séjour en expatriation peut signer l’entrée dans une crise, quand il bouleverse le sujet et l’amène à considérer la possibilité de changer. Bien que les publications existantes soient peu nombreuses, toutes qualitatives et principalement en français, la revue de littérature éclaire l’expérience subjective du séjour en expatriation. Dans le cadre d’une recherche doctorale, nous explorons plus avant la nature de la crise, et la façon dont la psychothérapie peut l’accompagner.
Expatriation is a form of migration and temporary exile, characterized by a voluntary departure abroad and frequent back and forth with the country of origin. Globalization and international mobility over the past 50 years have resulted in an increase in the number of expatriates worldwide. Even when choosing to move abroad, some expatriates encounter difficulties that lead to illness and recourse to psychotherapy. This article offers a synthesis of the results of a review of the literature on the subjective experiences of expatriates.
Our review of the literature aims to better understand the experience of expatriation, and the crises some expatriates go through during their stay abroad. Clinical practice treating expatriates is a complex situation, occurring in a specific context. However, expatriation has only recently become the subject of clinical psychological research. Economics and the sciences of sociology, demography, and work psychology, appear to have been the first to study this phenomenon. The objective was then to understand why some expatriates ended their expatriation prematurely. In the clinical psychology field, the paradigms of cultural adaptation and acculturation have been widely invoked as reasons for determining expatriate suitability and for establishing recommendations of preparation programs. If we recognize the adaptive dimension, we move away from these concepts to promote the subjective experience of the expatriate. To date, we have only found one publication on expatriation which specifically examines the consequences of expatriation for the family. It highlights a need for research that takes into account the variability of expatriation contexts and individual pathways. We therefore conducted a literature review on the subjective experience of the expatriate.
A broad search on EBSCO and Google Scholar was conducted in English and French, successively using the key words EXPATRITION, EXPATRIATE, EXPATRIE. This first search phase led us to limit the scope of our research to the subjective experience of the expatriate. In order to gather existing data, we used the PRISMA method. Of the 423 publications extracted from different search engines, we selected and analyzed 25 papers published between 1992 and 2022.
Expatriation appears to be a complex subjective experience, which can reveal a state of crisis in its dimension of upheaval, but also with the potential of creating new order. The literature highlights the articulation of latent reasons for departure and the accompanying crises that some expatriates may experience because of a wish to escape from an original environment, the desire to break with the family, and a search for oneself. Separation from the original environment and exposure to a foreign environment can cause archaic anxieties to resurface and summon the ability to be alone. The narcissistic and identity crisis generated is manifested by schizophrenic phenomena (rejection of the foreigner or the country of origin), relational disorders, and depressive disorders. At the same time, the experience can open up a transitional space conducive to the emergence of the Self, to the re-appropriation of poorly introjected objects, and open up an evolution of the bonds of filiation and affiliation.
If the stay abroad can lead to narcissistic and identity disorders, it appears in the literature as a rite of passage allowing for maturation phenomena. As part of this doctoral research, we further explore the nature of the crisis, and how psychotherapy can provide support during the transformation process involved.
This article is a study of Psalm 137 with the aim of providing a basis for reflection for us to understand the Psalm of lamentation as a prayer and how we can interpret it in today's context, ...particularly in the context of contemporary issues such as the struggles of Indonesian migrant workers in Malaysia and Brunei Darussalam. An exposition of Psalm 137 can help migrant workers understand God who listens to His people who are in oppression. Psalm 137 is about how to submit all the pain, suffering, and resentment to God Himself.Abstrak. Artikel ini adalah sebuah studi Mazmur 137 dengan tujuan memberikan dasar perenungan bagi kita untuk memahami Mazmur ratapan sebagai sebuah doa dan bagaimana kita dapat memaknainya dalam konteks masa kini, secara khususnya dalam konteks isu-isu kontemporer seperti pergumulan para pekerja migran Indonesia yang berada di Malaysia dan Brunei Darussalam. Eksposisi terhadap Mazmur 137 dapat menolong para pekerja migran memahami Allah yang mau mendengarkan umat-Nya yang berada dalam penindasan. Mazmur 137 adalah tentang bagaimana menyerahkan segala kepedihan, penderitaan, sakit hati dan dendam itu kepada Allah sendiri.
Abstract
Aim
This study aims to synthesize the factors associated with nurse emigration from lower and middle‐income countries.
Design
Integrative review.
Methods
An in‐depth search of registries and ...five databases yielded 9466 records. Using the PRISMA guidelines, 11 were chosen after screening by two authors independently. The mixed methods appraisal tool (MMAT) was used to assess the risk of bias.
Results
The destination countries were Europe and North America, with an inclination for nurse migration of 14.3%–85%. Emigration factors were poor salary, working conditions, poor quality healthcare infrastructure; outdated healthcare technologies, lack of employment opportunities, younger age, relationship status (single), living environment, social pressure, urban residence, work experience, insecurity, high crime rates, political corruption and foreign language skills.
Public Contribution
Healthcare authorities and nursing leaders must implement practical measures to minimize nurse emigration.
În cadrul prezentului articol este realizată o analiză comparativă privind vârsta tragerii la răspundere penală a minorilor în legislația penală a diferitelor state. Este explicată importanța ...vârstei în calitate de semn al subiectului infracțiunii. În continuare, sunt fixate categoriile de minori în dependență de vârsta acestora și modul în care va răspunde penal fiecare categorie aparte. De asemenea, sunt evidențiate modalitățile de stabilire a vârstei și actele care servesc drept temei pentru stabilirea acesteia. În final sunt prezentate câteva propuneri de lege ferenda, inspirate din legislația penală a altor state.THE AGE – A CONDITION FOR CRIMINAL RESPONSABILITY.
COMPARATIVE ASPECTS WITH THE LAWS OF OTHER COUNTRIESWithin the present article there is undertaken a comparative analysis of the age of criminal responsability of minors according to criminal law of different countries. There is explained the age as a feature of the subject of crime. Next, there are established the categories of minors according to their age and the way they will be criminally responsible according to each category. As well there are highlighted the ways of determining the age and the acts that serve as a ground for establishing it. Finally, there are presented some lender ferenda proposals, inspired by the criminal law of other countries.
Media attention accorded to foreign countries constitutes a crucial facet of public diplomacy. Studies have shown that proximity in values is a key factor that determines such media attention. Models ...of media interest generally assume that the impact of value proximity is universal across countries with different societal value orientations. Yet this study shows that the effect of societal value orientation on media attention to foreign countries is more complex. It is argued here that the societal value orientation in different countries primes different sets of values, which are then applied as a criterion for assessing the importance of foreign states. Our empirical examination is based on the visibility of foreign countries gauged by searching web portals in 57 countries. It shows that in line with our theoretical argument, countries systematically differ in recognizing proximity, such that democracies base their judgment on similarity in shared democratic principles, whereas authoritarian countries focus on the affinity in religious culture. We discuss the strategic implications of this finding for the study of mediated public diplomacy.
Product origin communicates a substantial external message to food shoppers in terms of product quality, and is conceived of as a competitive advantage for firms in global markets. As such, greater ...understanding of country image and its pertinent dimensions will be beneficial for international food traders and policy-makers in developing marketing strategy. In the current study, two countries (the US and Japan) and two food products (fruit and beer) are investigated based on a stratified sample surveyed in Taipei, Taiwan (
N
=
200), and three major findings were derived. Distinct image patterns for the US and Japan are firstly justified in fruit and beer, respectively. Next, the influence of product similarity on country image is confirmed; intrinsically similar products from the same country of origin present parallel image patterns. Finally, our results show that greater consumer interest in a foreign country results in higher country image evaluations and, to some extent, greater consumption of imported foods. Managerial implications, limitations, and directions for future research are provided.
In 2018, the Republic of Ireland abolished history as a required subject in its public secondary schools. What are the consequences for Ireland of this decision, especially in light of the importance ...of history to Irish self-understanding and national development? What are the implications of such policies beyond Ireland, including in the United States? This article discusses the somber prospects of “forgetting the past” as it addresses these questions.
This study explores the meaning of the lived experience of childbirth and parenting of Japanese men who became fathers in a foreign country. Japanese men have been raised to maintain very strict ...gender roles, excluding them from sharing with their wives the experience of childbirth and the day-to-day parenting of young children. The study employed a descriptive phenomenological approach with in-depth interviews. Participants included nine Japanese men born and raised in Japan who were living in Honolulu. Three theme categories emerged from the data: “making active efforts in preparation for childbirth in a foreign country”; “challenges in pregnancy, childbirth, child care, and as husbands or partners”; and “challenges in transition to parenthood.” Japanese men successfully altered their transitional and authoritarian gender role to a family orientated social structure, under the influence of Western values, when living in foreign country. By spending more time with their new family, they acknowledged the processes of becoming a father. The ability to adapt their expectations of fatherhood in line with Western values was enhanced by the support of coworkers, their mature age, rich educational background, and the personal financial resources of the male participants in the study.
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