It has become clear that superior material functions are derived from precisely controlled nanostructures. This has been greatly accelerated by the development of nanotechnology. The next step is to ...assemble materials with knowledge of their nano-level structures. This task is assigned to the post-nanotechnology concept of nanoarchitectonics. However, nanoarchitectonics, which creates intricate three-dimensional functional structures, is not always easy. Two-dimensional nanoarchitectonics based on reactions and arrangements at the surface may be an easier target to tackle. A better methodology would be to define a two-dimensional structure and then develop it into a three-dimensional structure and function. According to these backgrounds, this review paper is organized as follows. The introduction is followed by a summary of the three issues; (i) 2D to 3D dynamic structure control: liquid crystal commanded by the surface, (ii) 2D to 3D rational construction: a metal-organic framework (MOF) and a covalent organic framework (COF); (iii) 2D to 3D functional amplification: cells regulated by the surface. In addition, this review summarizes the important aspects of the ultimate three-dimensional nanoarchitectonics as a perspective. The goal of this paper is to establish an integrated concept of functional material creation by reconsidering various reported cases from the viewpoint of nanoarchitectonics, where nanoarchitectonics can be regarded as a method for everything in materials science.
Many renewable energy technologies, especially batteries and supercapacitors, require effective electrode materials for energy storage and conversion. For such applications, metal‐organic frameworks ...(MOFs) and covalent‐organic frameworks (COFs) have been recently emerged as promising candidates. Their high surface area, organized channel, and multiple functions make them highly versatile and flexible as electrodes, electrolytes, and electrocatalysts in electrochemical energy storage (EES) systems. In addition, many MOFs/COFs‐derived materials tend to possess high conductivity and diverse nanoarchitecture, and can also serve as high‐performance electrodes. In this review, we summarize the extensive potentials of both frameworks and their derivatives in a range of devices, including lithium/sodium ion, lithium‐sulfur, lithium‐oxygen batteries, and supercapacitors. In addition, we discuss the remaining challenges in this area and propose potential solutions for them as well as outline a few possible directions for further development for EES applications.
Metal/covalent organic frameworks (MOFs/COFs) have received wide attention for electrochemical energy storage (EES) due to their unique structural characteristics. Herein, we summarize the applications of MOFs/COFs and their derivatives in EES, including lithium/sodium ion, lithium‐sulfur, lithium‐oxygen batteries, and supercapacitors. Moreover, the development perspective of MOFs/COFs in EES is also outlined.
Fe‐HHTP‐MOF , ein einzigartiges kubisches metallorganisches Gerüst (MOF), das aus supertetraedrischen Hexahydroxytriphenylen(HHTP)‐Einheiten und in Rautentopologie angeordneten FeIII‐Ionen aufgebaut ...ist, wird im Forschungsartikel auf S. 18213 von Thomas Bein, Dana D. Medina et al. vorgestellt. Fe‐HHTP‐MOF ist ein hochkristallines, poröses und tiefschwarzes Material, das eine hohe elektrische Leitfähigkeit aufweist.
Three-dimensional nanoporous carbon frameworks encapsulated Sn nanoparticles (Sn@3D-NPC) are developed by a facile method as an improved lithium ion battery anode. The Sn@3D-NPC delivers a reversible ...capacity of 740 mAh g–1 after 200 cycles at a current density of 200 mA g–1, corresponding to a capacity retention of 85% (against the second capacity) and high rate capability (300 mAh g–1 at 5 A g–1). Compared to the Sn nanoparticles (SnNPs), such improvements are attributed to the 3D porous and conductive framework. The whole structure can provide not only the high electrical conductivity that facilities the electron transfer but also the elasticity that will suppress the volume expansion and aggregation of SnNPs during the charge and discharge process. This work opens a new application of metal–organic frameworks in energy storage.
Brolly good MOFs: A new series of hydrophobic isoreticular porous Zr oxide dicarboxylate MOFs have been prepared (see picture, Zr blue polyhedra, O red, C black). They have a one‐dimensional pore ...system, a rare combination of Lewis acidity and hydrophobic character, and a higher hydrothermal and mechanical stability than their UiO MOF polymorph counterparts.
Zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) grown around antibodies anchored to plasmonic nanostructures serves as a protective layer to preserve the biorecognition ability of antibodies stored at room ...and elevated temperatures for several days. The biofunctionality of the ZIF‐8‐protected biochip can be restored by a simple water‐rinsing step, making it highly convenient for use in point‐of‐care and resource‐limited settings.
We obtain symmetry-extended counting rules for the mobility of general plate-bar frameworks in configurations with non-trivial point-group symmetry. Necessary conditions for isostaticity of a ...symmetric rod-bar framework in 3-space are derived. An example shows that establishing sufficient conditions will require significant further development. A symmetry-extended counting rule is established for rod-clamp frameworks: plate-bar frameworks are clamped in such a way as to remove relative translations within clamped pairs. Worked examples showing the utility of the symmetry approach in detecting mechanisms and states of self-stress include an application to linear pentapods where a singular configuration is detected by symmetry.
•The rigidity of symmetric plate-bar frameworks can be analysed via character counts.•Necessary conditions are derived for symmetric rod-bar frameworks to be isostatic.•Character counts for rigidity of symmetric rod-clamp frameworks are established.•A singular configuration of the linear pentapod is detected by symmetry.
Porous redox‐active metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as electrode materials for energy storage devices. These porous frameworks have different ...levels of intrinsic properties such as low solubility, high ionic conductivity (porosity) and low electrical conductivity, all of which are critical parameters when utilised as electrode materials. This Minireview focuses on recent developments of using porous MOFs/COFs as redox active electrode materials for energy storage and strategies to improve their electrochemical performance.
Finding a balance: Redox‐active metal–organic frameworks (MOF) and covalent organic frameworks (COF) have been recently developed as electrode materials for energy storage devices. An equilibrium between stability, porosity and electrical conductivity must be achieved before they can be applied as electrode materials in energy storage devices.
Chronic diabetic wounds remain a worldwide challenge for both the clinic and research. Given the vicious circle of oxidative stress and inflammatory response as well as the impaired angiogenesis of ...the diabetic wound tissues, the wound healing process is disturbed and poorly responds to the current treatments. In this work, a nickel‐based metal‐organic framework (MOF, Ni‐HHTP) with excellent antioxidant activity and proangiogenic function is developed to accelerate the healing process of chronic diabetic wounds. The Ni‐HHTP can mimic the enzymatic catalytic activities of antioxidant enzymes to eliminate multi‐types of reactive species through electron transfer reactions, which protects cells from oxidative stress‐related damage. Moreover, this Ni‐based MOF can promote cell migration and angiogenesis by activating transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) in vitro and reprogram macrophages to the anti‐inflammatory phenotype. Importantly, Ni‐HHTP effectively promotes the healing process of diabetic wounds by suppressing the inflammatory response and enhancing angiogenesis in vivo. This study reports a versatile and promising MOF‐based nanozyme for diabetic wound healing, which may be extended in combination with other wound dressings to enhance the management of diabetic or non‐healing wounds.
A nickel‐based metal‐organic framework‐based nanozyme (Ni‐HHTP) with electron transport function as well as nickel superoxide dismutase is designed to simultaneously eliminate reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) and enhance angiogenesis for the treatment of chronic diabetic wounds. Ni‐HHTP significantly accelerates the healing process of diabetic wounds in vivo by suppressing inflammatory responses and promoting angiogenesis.
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•Uio-66-(OH)2/GO was successfully constructed by simple hydrothermal method.•The modification of Uio-66-(OH)2/GO significantly increased its adsorption capacity towards ...MB.•Uio-66-(OH)2/GO has been shown to efficiently remove TC from water.
Metal-organic framework (MOF) composite nanomaterials have attracted extensive attention in the field of environmental restoration owing to their modifiable pore size and functionalization of the framework. In this study, the novel adsorbent Uio-66-(OH)2/graphene oxide (GO) composite nanomaterial was synthesized via hydrothermal method using a functionalized zirconium-based MOFs and GO. Excellent adsorption properties of the Uio-66-(OH)2/GO were confirmed by the adsorption of two characteristic pollutants, methylene blue (MB) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TC). When the concentration of the solution was 20 mg/L, the adsorption efficiency of Uio-66-(OH)2/GO on these two pollutants reached 99.96% (MB) and 94.88% (TC), respectively. Meanwhile, MB adsorption by the Uio-66-(OH)2/GO was conducted to study the factors affecting the adsorption capacity during the adsorption process, including pH value, initial concentration and temperature of the MB solution. The isotherm had a good correlation with Freundlich isotherm model, which showed that the adsorption was monolayer adsorption and the adsorption surface was not homogenous. Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption was chemisorbed, and this also could be verified by thermodynamic analysis. The adsorption of MB by Uio-66-(OH)2/GO was completely spontaneous. These results demonstrated that the successful development of Uio-66-(OH)2/GO provides useful insights into the manufacture of MOFs-based water purification sorbents.
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