Display omitted
•Chemical composition varies between fucoidans and defines their biological properties.•Ratio sulfate:fucose seems critically relevant for fucoidan activity.•Differential effect of ...fucoidans between articular chondrocytes and synoviocytes.•Fucoidans shows anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and mitochondrial protection effect.•Involvement of activation of Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway and inhibition of NF-κB signaling.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent articular chronic disease. Although, to date there is no cure for OA. Fucoidans, one of the main therapeutic components of brown algae, have emerged as promising molecules in OA treatment. However, the variability between fucoidans makes difficult the pursuit of the most suitable candidate to target specific pathological processes. By an in vitro experimental approach in chondrocytes and fibroblast-like synoviocytes, we observed that chemical composition of fucoidan, and specifically the phlorotannin content and the ratio sulfate:fucose, seems critically relevant for its biological activity. Nonetheless, other factors like concentration and molecular weight of the fucoidan may influence on its beneficial effects. Additionally, a cell-type dependent response was also detected. Thus, our results shed light on the potential use of fucoidans as natural molecules in the treatment of key pathological processes in the joint that favor the development of rheumatic disorders as OA.
This research investigated the efficacy of fucoidan-based coatings in preserving nectarine fruits at room temperature. The present study compared the preservation effects of different fucoidan ...concentrations (1%, 3%, 5%) with distilled water serving as a control (0%). The findings revealed that the addition of fucoidan dose-dependently improved the room temperature preservation quality of the nectarines. Notably, a 5% fucoidan concentration markedly delays the onset of the respiratory peak in nectarines. On day 14 of storage, the plants were subsequently cultured on a 5% fucoidan coating (F5), which exhibited a weight loss rate of 5.87%, a spoilage rate of 18.33%, a hardness of 3.87 kg/cm², a soluble solid content of 11.47%, a titratable acid content of 0.29% and an ascorbic acid content of 2.58%. The overall acceptability score was 7.83. These results demonstrated that coating with fucoidan is an effective method for the preservation of nectarines.
•The coatings suppressed respiration rate and weight loss.•The coatings suppressed decay incidence and maintained firmness.•The coatings suppressed the decreases in soluble solid and titratable acid content.•The coatings suppressed the decrease in ascorbic acid content.•The coatings suppressed the decrease in likeness.
Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide known for its anticancer, immunomodulant, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity is abundant in brown seaweeds. Sargassum ilicifolium, a brown alga, was not ...extensively explored for fucoidan extraction using different methods and assessments of their impact on its structural and therapeutic characteristics. This study aimed to compare the structural features, biological activity, solubility, and emulsification characteristics of fucoidan extracted from Sargassum ilicifolium using conventional and ultrasonic bath extraction. The ultrasonic bath extraction method was 2.5 times higher than the conventional method to extract fucoidan. The structural integrity of fucoidan obtained by both methods was compared using FTIR, 1HNMR, XRD, FESEM, EDX, and DSC. The monosaccharide composition of fucoidan was determined by TLC. The IC50 values for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antitumor effects on oral cancer cells were found to be significantly lesser for crude fucoidan of S. ilicifolium obtained by ultrasonic bath method than for conventional extraction. Furthermore, fucoidan from the alga has emulsifying and water-holding characteristics which supports its potential use in the food processing industries.
Display omitted
•Fucoidan of Sargassum ilicifolium was extracted conventionally and by ultrasonication.•Impact of extraction methods on the structural integrity of fucoidan was assessed.•Fucoidan exhibited antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor characteristics.•Emulsification, thermal stability, and water solubility of fucoidan were compared.•Ultrasonic bath enhanced the yield and activity of fucoidan without degradation.
Inflammation-related bone defects often lead to poor osteogenesis. Therefore, it is crucial to reduce the inflammation response and promote the osteogenic differentiation of stem/progenitor cells to ...revitalize bone physiology. Here, a kind of hybrid nano-hydroxyapatite was prepared using the confined phosphate ion release method with the participation of fucoidan, a marine-sourced polysaccharide with anti-inflammation property. The physicochemical analyses confirmed that the fucoidan hybrid nano-hydroxyapatite (FC/n-HA) showed fine needle-like architectures. With a higher amount of fucoidan, the crystal size and crystallinity of the FC/n-HA reduced while the liquid dispersibility was improved. Cell experiences showed that FC/n-HA had an optimal cytocompatibility at concentration of 50 μg/mL. Moreover, the lipopolysaccharide-induced cellular inflammatory model with PDLSCs was established and used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and osteogenic properties. For the 1%FC/n-HA group, the expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly reduced at 24 h, while the expression of alkaline phosphatase of PDLSCs was significantly promoted at days 3 and 7, and calcium precipitates was enhanced at 21 days. In this study, the FC/n-HA particles showed effective anti-inflammatory properties and facilitated osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs, indicating which has potential application in treating bone defects associated with inflammation, such as periodontitis.
•Preparation of fucoidan-hybrid nanohydroxyapatite by ion restrain and addition of fucoidan for co-regulation.•The preparation method was inspired by the biomineralization process and a biomimetic mineralization system was established in vitro.•The nanoparticles can promote osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs and reduce the expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1β.
Polysaccharides obtained from macroalgae have promising prospects and could contribute greatly to the future of a marine based bio-economy. Specifically, laminarin and fucoidan from brown macroalgae ...have a wide variety of potential industrial applications including functional foods and nutraceuticals, due to their broad range of biological activities. These beneficial biological activities are related to the chemical composition and structure of the macroalgal polysaccharides. The molecular weight, monosaccharide composition and sulphate content of these polysaccharides could be influenced by both macroalgal biology (i.e. variations in polysaccharide composition due to macroalgae species and their biological cycle) and different extraction/purification techniques employed to obtain polysaccharide enriched products (i.e. de-sulphation or fragmentation of sulphated polysaccharides). This review focuses on the extraction and purification methods for the macroalgal polysaccharides laminarin and fucoidan used in the recent literature. The application of innovative extraction technologies (such as ultrasound, microwave and enzyme-assisted extractions), as well as new purification techniques (i.e. membrane separation), are also discussed together with the challenges concerning molecule structure-function relationship and macroalgal variability.
Display omitted
•This review covers extraction-purification procedures of macroalgal polysaccharides.•The polysaccharides considered were fucoidan and laminarin from macroalgae.•Novel techniques included ultrasound, microwave, and enzyme-assisted extraction.•Purification techniques included chromatographic and membrane methods.
Although fucoidan has potential use as an anti-inflammatory agent, the specific mechanisms by which it influences signaling and immunomodulatory pathways between gut microbiota and Peyer's patches ...remain unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of fucoidan in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by examining the effects on gut microbiota and the underlying anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Purified fucoidan, which upon characterization revealed structural fragments comprising →3)-β-D-Galp-(1→, →4)-α-L-Fucp-(1→, and →3)-α-L-Fucp-(1→ residues with a sulfation at position C2 was used. Treatment of the mice with fucoidan significantly alleviated the symptoms of IBD and restored the diversity of gut microbiota by enhancing the abundance of Bacteroidetes and reducing the proportion of Firmicutes. The administration of fucoidan also elevated levels of short-chain fatty acids while reducing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interferon (IFN)-γ. Most importantly, fucoidan attenuated the expression of integrin α4β7/MAdCAM-1 and CCL25/CCR9, which are involved in homing intestinal lymphocytes within Peyer's patches. These findings indicate that fucoidan is a promising gut microbiota modulator and an anti-inflammatory agent for IBD.
Display omitted
Schematic diagram of a glucose-responsive nanodrug delivery system. (a) Schematic diagram of the synthesis of VB12-FU-ConA@Ins nanocarriers. (b) Mechanism of Insulin release by VB12-FU-ConA ...stimulated by glucose.
Display omitted
The smart oral administration Insulin device has the potential to improve glycemic management. It can reduce the risk of hypoglycemia associated with exogenous Insulin (INS) therapy while also avoiding many of the disadvantages associated with subcutaneous injections. Furthermore, diabetes mellitus (DM) is an endocrine illness characterized by inflammation, and it is critical to minimize the amount of inflammatory markers in diabetic patients while maintaining average blood glucose. In this study, a responsive nanosystem vitamin B12-Fucoidan-Concanavalin A (VB12-FU-ConA NPs) with anti-inflammatory action was developed for smart oral delivery of Insulin. Con A has high sensitivity and strong specificity as a glucose-responsive material. Fucoidan has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and hypoglycemic functions, and it can bind to Con A to form a reversible complex. Under high glucose conditions, free glucose competitively binds to Con A, which swells the nanocarrier and promotes Insulin release. Furthermore, in the low pH environment of the gastrointestinal tract, positively charged VB12 and anionic fucoidan bind tightly to protect the Insulin wrapped in the carrier, and VB12 can also bind to intestinal epithelial factors to improve transit rate, thereby promoting INS absorption. In vitro tests showed that the release of nanoparticles in hyperglycemic solutions was significantly higher than the drug release in normoglycemic conditions. Oral delivery of the nanosystems dramatically lowered blood glucose levels in type I diabetic mice (T1DM) during in vivo pharmacodynamics, minimizing the risk of hypoglycemia. Blood glucose levels reached a minimum of 8.1 ± 0.4 mmol/L after 8 h. Administering the nanosystem orally notably decreased the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in diabetic mice. The nano delivery system can be degraded and metabolized in the intestinal tract after being taken orally, demonstrating good biodegradability and biosafety. In conclusion, the present study showed that VB12-FU-ConA nanocarriers are expected to be a novel system for rationalizing blood glucose.
Developing bio-multifunctional wound dressings with excellent hemostasis, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, enhanced angiogenesis and hair follicle regeneration for promoting full-thickness wound ...healing is highly valuable in clinical application. Herein, bio-multifunctional composite sponges were prepared by coupling alginate and chitosan with fucoidan through electrostatic interaction, Ca2+ crosslinking, and lyophilization processes. The prepared alginate/chitosan/fucoidan (ACF) sponges display excellent elastic properties, preserving their shape even after bending and compressive strain without failure. The ACF sponge containing 10% fucoidan (ACF-1) shows better hemostatic and antibacterial performances, and significantly promotes wound closure in a rat full-thickness wounds model compared to the alginate/chitosan group and ACF sponge containing 30% fucoidan. Furthermore, the ACF-1 sponge greatly facilitates the epithelialization and the formation of collagen in the dermis, promotes the hair follicle regeneration, enhances vascularization by upregulating the protein expression of CD31, and reduces inflammation by downregulating the protein expression of TNF-α. This work suggests that ACF sponges with a certain amount of fucoidan display great potential for the treatment of full-thickness skin repair.
Display omitted
•Bio-multifunctional ACF sponges were successfully prepared through a facile, efficient, green cross-linked, and freeze-drying processes.•The ACF sponges possessed excellent hemostatic and antibacterial performances as well as greatly promoted full-thickness wound healing.•The ACF sponges reduced inflammation, facilitated the epithelialization, as well as enhanced angiogenesis and hair follicle regeneration.
PDF
