The relationship between organisational trust and informal knowledge sharing is a rarely researched area. This is especially true in the case of workplace gossip, which acts as a channel of informal ...knowledge sharing. The aim of the research is to point out that although there is a strong positive relationship between organisational trust and knowledge sharing, the special form of informal knowledge transfer/sharing (workplace gossip), refuting earlier research findings, does not always produce a positive effect. In the first part of the two-phase quantitative research (it was done in 2019), trust and its conditions, tools and their place in the organisational hierarchy were identified through questionnaire surveys, and then the existence of informal knowledge transfer/sharing (workplace gossip) and its impact upon organisational trust were analysed. The hypotheses were tested on the basis of an own theoretical model using one and multi-variable statistical methods with the SPSS 25 and NVivo 12 content analysis software. The results show that while confidence building is supported by high quality real-world professional knowledge transfer/sharing, but workplace gossip, especially including fake information, has the opposite effect, which negatively influences organisational performance.
PurposeWhen the spread of online health rumors on social media causes public concerns, the public is calling for action. However, little study has investigated how Facebook reaction icons (expressing ...feelings function) affect online users' behavioral intentions (intention to trust and share) toward online health rumor posts. The current study addresses this gap by focusing on the effect of Facebook reaction icons in two conditions: Facebook reaction icons' presence (versus absence), and Facebook reaction icons' emotional valence (positive versus negative versus neutral). Moreover, the authors also investigated the interaction between Facebook reaction icons' emotional valence and online health rumor posts' framing headlines (gain versus loss).Design/methodology/approachThe authors used a 7 (Facebook reaction icons: Love, Like, Haha, Wow, Sad, Angry and no icon) × 2 (Facebook framing headlines: gain and loss) between-subjects design, analyzing 507 samples from online users with one-way ANOVA and MANOVA.FindingsResults show that online health rumor posts without Facebook reaction icons are more likely to negatively change online users' behavioral intentions than the posts with Facebook reaction icons; negative reaction icons (Sad and Angry) lower online users' behavioral intentions than positive reaction icons (Love and Like). Further, the incongruency effect of interaction (i.e. positive reaction icons with a negative message) would have more negative effects on online users' behavioral intentions than the congruency effect (i.e. positive reaction icons with a positive message).Originality/valueThis study has rich contributions to theoretical and practical implications for the Facebook platform and Facebook users to apply Facebook reaction icons against online health rumor posts.
Abstract
Based on COVID-19 and Persuasion Communication Theory, this study constructs a research model to analyze the influence of rumors on consumers’ irrational purchasing behavior in the context ...of public crisis. Using an online questionnaire survey, the empirical results show that information quantity, content features, platform credibility, and source credibility all have a significant positive impact on rumor credibility; rumor credibility has a significant positive impact on negative emotion; Negative emotions have a significant positive impact on irrational purchasing behavior. The platform, source, quantity, and content features of rumors will affect people’s trust in rumors. Rumors cause social panic and lead to a surge of negative emotion, making people lose rational judgment and make irrational purchasing behavior. These irrational behaviors are largely due to the panic about some rumors, the urgency, and suddenness of public crisis events, making people more willing to believe in the uncertain information and engage in some irrational consumption behaviors.
Salivary gland neoplasms are rare lesions in the head and neck (H&N) pathology realm. There are more than 20 malignant and 15 benign salivary gland neoplasms in the 5th edition of the World Health ...Organization classification of H&N tumors. These neoplasms consist of heterogeneous groups of uncommon diseases that make diagnosis and treatment challenging for the clinical team. Using an algorithmic immunohistochemical approach-defined tumor origin and type has proven to be effective and advantageous. Immunohistochemistry may be used as sort of a "diagnostic looking glass," not as a positive or negative type tool, but as an indispensable complement to a hematoxylin-eosin morphologic pattern-based approach. Furthermore, the understanding of the novel discoveries of the salivary gland gene fusions and the molecular aspects of these tumors make the process easier and improve the diagnosis as well as treatment aspects. This review reflects our experience with more recent diagnostic antibodies, which include MYB RNA, Pan-TRK, PLAG1, LEF1, and NR4A3. Each of these is linked with a specific type of neoplasm; for example, gene fusions involving the PLAG1 and HMGA2 oncogenes are specific for benign pleomorphic adenomas, MYB is associated with adenoid cystic carcinoma.
To review these more recent antibodies, which highly enhance salivary gland neoplasm diagnosis.
The study sources involved literature PubMed searches, including multiple review articles, case reports, selected book chapters, and Geisinger Medical Center cases.
Salivary gland tumors are a rare, varied group of lesions in H&N pathology. We need to have continuous readings and revisions of the molecular consequences of these fusion oncoproteins and their subsequent targets, which will eventually lead to the identification of novel driver genes in salivary gland neoplasms.
A recent study demonstrated that NKX3.1-positive staining can uncommonly be seen in testicular Sertoli cell tumors (1 of 4 cases). Also, it was reported that 2 of 3 Leydig cell tumors of the testis ...showed diffuse cytoplasmic staining for P501S, although it was unclear whether it was specific granular staining that defines true positivity. However, Sertoli cell tumors do not typically pose a diagnostic dilemma with metastatic prostate carcinoma to the testis. In contrast, malignant Leydig cell tumors, which are exceedingly rare, can closely resemble Gleason score 5 + 5 = 10 prostatic adenocarcinoma metastatic to the testis.
To evaluate the expression of prostate markers in malignant Leydig cell tumors and steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1) in high-grade prostate adenocarcinoma, as no data are currently published on these topics.
Fifteen cases of malignant Leydig cell tumor were collected from 2 large genitourinary pathology consult services in the United States from 1991 to 2019.
All 15 cases were negative immunohistochemically for NKX3.1, and all 9 with available additional material were negative for prostate-specific antigen and P501S and positive for SF-1. SF-1 was negative immunohistochemically in a tissue microarray with cases of high-grade prostatic adenocarcinoma.
The diagnosis of malignant Leydig cell tumor and its distinction from metastatic adenocarcinoma to the testis can be made immunohistochemically on the basis of SF-1 positivity and negativity for NKX3.1.
The second article describes new IHC markers to address some of the frequently encountered diagnostic issues in the liver, gastrointestinal, and pancreatobiliary tract, such as (1) the effective ...diagnostic panel, including von Hippel-Lindau protein (pVHL), mammary serine protease inhibitor (mas-pin), S100 calcium-binding protein P (S100P), and insulinlike growth factor 2 mRNA-binding proteins (TMP3 or KOC),in diagnosing pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; (2) B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 10 (BCL10) and carboxypeptidase Al (CPA1) as the most sensitive and specific markers for confirming a diagnosis of acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas; (3) a panel consisting of soluble suppression of tumorigenesis-2 (SST2), ot-thalassemia/mental retardation X-linked (ATRX), death domain-associated protein (DAXX), p53, and retinoblastoma 1 (RBI) to be helpful in differentiating pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, grade 3 (PanNET G3) from pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma (PanNEC), with most PanNECs being negative for SST2, with a mutation pattern of p53 and loss of RBI; (4) markers to confirm a diagnosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), hepatocyte nuclear factor-ip (HNF-ip), and albumin (by RNA in situ hybridization ISH); and (5) markers for subtyping hepatic adenoma. Updated guidelines for recommended ancillary studies, such as mismatch repair proteins, p53, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) studies in endometrium, as well as ER, PR, and HER2 in breast, are discussed. The last review article on updates in IHC for hematopoietic and lymphoid neoplasms (1) discusses the use of new immunohistochemical markers for B-cell lymphomas since the 2014 review published by the Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine; (2) reviews additional new immunohistochemical stains in the diagnostic evaluation of B-cell lymphoma after the 2014 review, such as cyclin D3 for splenic diffuse red pulp small B-cell lymphomas and myelin and lymphocyte protein (MAL; by RNA ISH) for primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma; (3) reviews the new IHC markers in the diagnostic evaluation of T-cell lymphoma, such as overexpression of CD28 in adult T-cell leukemia/ lymphoma showing a significantly poorer overall survival, and overexpression of LIM domain-only 2 (LM02) in most T-cell lymphoblastic lymphomas but not in immature terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-positive T cells in the thymus or indolent T-lymphoblastic proliferations; (4) updates new immunohistochemical stains in the diagnostic evaluation of myeloid neoplasms, such as IRF8 expression in the identification of monoblasts and expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) in both benign and neoplastic erythroid population in bone marrow biopsies; and (5) reviews IHC markers, such as FMS-like tyrosine kinase (FLT3), inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (ID1), and isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2), to be used as an early surrogate for molecular diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemias. Because of the limited space, this special section does not cover this emerging novel technology. For additional information, frequently asked questions, and references, one can refer to the recently published book chapter.1 During the past several years, novel RNA ISH methods that use signal amplification, such as RNAscope (Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Hayward, California), have dramatically improved the performance of this approach and led to the development of RNA ISH assays for a variety of applications across anatomic pathology.
This paper uses the probability theory to analyse the ultimate consistency of the gossip protocol propagation process by dividing it into two phases. The time complexity and information complexity of ...the flooding, tree and gossip methods are compared by simulation with different variants. Also, three ways of communication between nodes in the network are introduced: only-push, only-pull, and push-and-pull. The paper analysed the simulated results of variable nodes using those three ways and discussed their corresponding time and information complexity. The simulations and analysis compared performances of information transmission under different transmission loss rates and concluded that the push-and-pull has an effect on transmission structure robustness. Finally, an effective method of information transmission was proposed to deal with transmission loss.
While most social network research focuses on positive relational ties, such as friendship and information exchange, scholars are beginning to examine the dark side of human interaction, where ...negative connections represent different forms of interpersonal conflict, intolerance, and abuse. Despite this recent work, the extent to which positive and negative social network structure differs remains unclear. The current project considers whether a network's small-scale, structural patterns of reciprocity, transitivity, and skew, or its "structural signature," can distinguish positive versus negative links. Using exponential random graph models (ERGMs), we examine these differences across a sample of twenty distinct, negative networks and generate comparisons with a related set of twenty positive graphs. Relational ties represent multiple types of interaction such as like versus dislike in groups of adults, friendship versus cyberaggression among adolescents, and agreements versus disputes in online interaction. We find that both positive and negative networks contain more reciprocated dyads than expected by random chance. At the same time, patterns of transitivity define positive but not negative graphs, and negative networks tend to exhibit heavily skewed degree distributions. Given the unique structural signatures of many negative graphs, our results highlight the need for further theoretical and empirical research on the patterns of harmful interaction.
Benefits of Gossip: A Prisma Guided Review Nadeem Khan, Minza; Khan, Arshia
2023 Congress in Computer Science, Computer Engineering, & Applied Computing (CSCE),
2023-July-24
Conference Proceeding
Gossip is talking about a person in their absence. Gossip is seen as a malicious activity by most people, and is highly condemned. Yet, gossip is present everywhere. From newspapers to daily life, ...gossip is a huge part of society. Since it is so common, there must definitely be some benefits of gossip. Gossip is not always negative. The valence of gossip is truly important. If a person says something positive about another person behind their back, it is considered to be positive gossip. Positive gossip can be beneficial for a person. It makes other people think highly of the person being gossiped about. The aim of this paper is to explore the various benefits and applications of gossip.
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