Material Powers Bennett, Tony; Joyce, Patrick
2010, 20130513, 2013-05-13, 20100101
eBook
This edited collection is a major contribution to the current development of a 'material turn' in the social sciences and humanities. It does so by exploring new understandings of how power is made ...up and exercised by examining the role of material infrastructures in the organization of state power and the role of material cultural practices in the organization of colonial forms of governance.
A diverse range of historical examples is drawn on in illustrating these concerns - from the role of territorial engineering projects in seventeenth-century France through the development of the postal system in nineteenth-century Britain to the relations between the state and road-building in contemporary Peru, for example. The colonial contexts examined are similarly varied, ranging from the role of photographic practices in the constitution of colonial power in India and the measurement of the bodies of the colonized in French colonial practices to the part played by the relations between museums and expeditions in the organization of Australian forms of colonial rule. These specific concerns are connected to major critical re-examination of the limits of the earlier formulations of cultural materialism and the logic of the 'cultural turn'.
The collection brings together a group of key international scholars whose work has played a leading role in debates in and across the fields of history, visual culture studies, anthropology, geography, cultural studies, museum studies, and literary studies.
Artykuł prezentuje, na przykładzie powiązań grupy miast pełniących rolę stolic regionów w Polsce i graniczących z nimi regionów zagranicznych, różnice pomiędzy powiązaniami infrastrukturalnymi a ...ofertą przewozową dostępną w transporcie kolejowym. Analiza poszczególnych relacji pozwala na porównanie potencjalnych i rzeczywistych możliwości realizacji podróży. Pierwsza część pracy opisuje metodę badań i wykorzystywane źródła oraz zawiera analizę potencjału infrastrukturalnego oraz rzeczywistej oferty przewozowej. Druga część przedstawia uporządkowane zestawienie parametrów połączeń realizowanych między miastami wojewódzkimi a stolicami sąsiadujących państw i regionów zagranicznych. W części trzeciej zaprezentowana została ocena i opis stopnia wykorzystania potencjału infrastrukturalnego. Całość zamyka podsumowanie, wskazujące na niską, w wielu przypadkach nieuzasadnioną uwarunkowaniami zewnętrznymi, jakość kolejowych powiązań międzynarodowych polskich regionów.
Rail passenger connections as an element of the network of international links of Polish regions
Using the example of links between a group of cities acting as regional capitals in Poland and bordering foreign regions, the article presents the differences between the infrastructure links and the transport offer available in rail transport. The analysis of individual relations allows for a comparison of potential and actual travel possibilities. The first part of the study describes the research method and sources used, and includes an analysis of the infrastructure potential and the actual transport offer. The second part presents a structured overview of the parameters of connections made between provincial cities and the capitals of neighbouring countries and foreign regions. The third part presents an assessment and description of the degree of utilisation of the infrastructure potential. The whole is concluded by a summary, indicating the low quality, in many cases unjustified by external conditions, of international railway connections of Polish regions.
Mechanisms of the investment policy are a set of methods and technologies for attracting investment. Methods of the regional policy can be administrative and economic depending on market factors. An ...analysis of world and domestic practice shows that the involvement of the private sector, privatization or public-private partnership have a positive effect on the economic efficiency of ports. Regardless of the form, when attracting private capital in the transport infrastructure, the government pursues two goals - increasing the efficiency of final services and optimizing budget expenditures. The administrative and legal issues of attracting investment are relevant. Problems related to the mechanism of administrative and legal regulation of attracting investment for the development of port infrastructure are urgent in the current legislation. The solution of these problems will be useful for law enforcement activities. The article explores ways to increase the amount of investment in the port infrastructure of the Russian Federation.
Large-scale regional trade agreements have led to a gradual increase in the ease of trade development among countries. The role of geographical distance and other location factors on trade ...development among countries has gradually diminished, while the institutional conditions of different countries have gradually increased their role on trade development among countries. Given the development process of the RCEP agreement, this study uses panel data from 2011-2021 and explores the mechanism of the institutional quality of RCEP countries affecting China’s import and export trade with them based on a gravity model. In addition, this study explores the level of infrastructure in mediating the effect of the process. It is found that the institutional quality of RCEP countries has a substantial impact on China’s import and export transactions with them. In addition, infrastructure plays a fully mediating effect in the process. Therefore, bilateral trade can be promoted by upgrading the institutional environment, infrastructure development and optimising the business environment.
This article contains an example of the applied application of the DCR 21-83 guidelines. This article contains a description of the grouped components and assessment criteria, in particular, a ...description of the calculated indicators in the context of internal transport, non-transport and socioeconomic effects arising from capital investments in transport infrastructure facilities. A specific example shows the procedure for assessing and calculating summary economic indicators for groups and for the project as a whole. This shows the possibility of using a rather complicated methodology and its effectiveness as a scientific tool for a comprehensive assessment for solving applied problems in the construction and rehabilitation of transport infrastructure.
As an economic development determinant, transport needs to be improved on an ongoing basis. This is due to complex dynamic processes taking place both within the state and internationally. Social and ...economic transformations and scientific progress of the 21st century in the national economic sectors challenge the national policy of any state. The readiness for macroeconomic turbulence and the level of adaptability depend, to a decisive extent, on the economic potential of the state, where transport is the connecting link between the production, research and technical, agricultural and social components. As a backbone industry, the transport complex is based on infrastructure. The development of transport infrastructure is fundamental and is considered a priority not only at the national level, but also within the framework of globalization processes. Thus, the importance of resolving the issues of transport infrastructure development is due to the rapid development of the national economy as a whole. In this regard, the article emphasizes the importance of the integrated innovative development of Russia’s transport complex infrastructure and reveals promising directions for its development in conditions of market constraints.
The article is devoted to an urgent problem related to the security of critical information infrastructure. The introduction of digital technologies in all spheres of society is in line with the ...priority policy for the development of the digital industry. At the same time, the number and quality of cyberattacks on significant objects of critical information infrastructure is constantly increasing in the world. But not all subjects of information relations, even understanding the presence of threats, are able to adequately assess and organize an effective security system for these objects. In this regard, ensuring the security of significant objects of critical information infrastructure is currently the primary task of the state - both the Russian Federation and other countries. The article provides a comparative analysis of approaches to ensuring the security of critical information infrastructure in Russia and in foreign countries. The problems of legal regulation of critical information infrastructure in Russia are identified and solutions are proposed to overcome them. There are traced the shortcomings associated with the implementation of legislation on the security of critical information infrastructure in Russia: in the digital industry, it becomes difficult to differentiate information infrastructure objects and classify some of them as critical; not all relevant legal entities have provided information on critical information infrastructure facilities, and therefore the register of facilities was not compiled in full, cyberattacks on which would create dangerous consequences for the country; some subjects of the critical information infrastructure deliberately underestimate the importance of their objects.
In the context of the digital economy, one of the main directions for the development of the human environment is the digital transformation of cities. Digital platforms in the field of urban ...infrastructure are a key instrument for digitalizing territories. The paper substantiates that the transformation of urban infrastructure is an important trend in the development of territories, and also describes the benefits that can be obtained through the introduction of digital technologies into the human environment. As a result of the study, the issues of integration of physical and digital infrastructure of cities were assessed and it was concluded that the functioning of digital platforms is based on the establishment of interconnections between infrastructure objects and data storages through information and communication technologies. The prospects of introducing the Internet of Things into the urban infrastructure as a way to improve the process of interaction of all elements of the human life environment during the implementation of digital platforms are also considered.
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