Ovim radom prikazane su čiste i nečiste životinje i životinje za žrtvovanje i klanje u starih Hebreja. S obzirom da su Hebreji na svojim početcima bili narod nomadskih pastira, svakodnevni život bio ...im je neraskidivo povezan sa životinjama. U tom kontekstu ispunjava se uloga domaćih životinja, posebno goveda, ovaca i koza, za prehranu naroda kao i za obrede žrtvovanja životinja. Za razmatranja korišten je starozavjetni biblijski zapis Tore – Zakona, a ponajviše knjiga Levitskog zakonika. U njoj su propisane čiste i nečiste životinje, čiji opravdani i praktični aspekt vidimo u prevenciji trovanja i pojave te širenja bolesti. S obzirom na to da su životinje za žrtve morale biti bez mana, nedostataka u fizionomiji, gotovo savršene po fenotipu, zaključuje se da su ih pastiri odabirali, selekcionirali na poželjna svojstva. Tu je vidljiva i inspekcija te je prisutna i kastracija životinja. Kroz zapis u Talmudu pojašnjen je pojam košer klanja i košer životinja, čija se opravdanost vidi kroz zdravu prehranu i obzirnost prema životinjama. U razmatranim zapisima ističe se visoki stupanj svijesti i odgovornosti prema Bogu i njegovim zakonima, bližnjih i životinja, posebice prilikom uzgoja i klanja.
A short total synthesis of rubrolides C and E has been achieved in four steps, using readily available 4‐methoxyacetophenone, 2‐bromoacetic acid, and the appropriate aromatic aldehyde, in 46 and 45% ...yield, respectively. Key reactions involved are α‐tosyloxylation of the aryl methyl ketone, intramolecular Wittig reaction, Knoevenagel condensation, and demethylation.
Crown‐compound complexation through secondary hypervalent I⋅⋅⋅O bonding interactions enables stabilization of an aqua(hydroxy)(phenyl)iodonium ion. The resulting aqua complex 1 is stable in the solid ...state as well as in solution and serves as a versatile oxidizing agent, especially in water. Tf=trifluoromethanesulfonyl.
Koser uses the term "domestic" to investigate not only the public/private divide that bifurcated gender roles into distinct spheres of activity, but also the emerging sense of "German" identity in ...the wake of the French Revolution and Napoleonic invasions, reading these texts as mobilizing armed women against external enemies.In Chapter 4, "Emancipatory Fantasies: The Woman Warrior as Liberator and (Proto-)Feminist," Koser argues that women warriors were utilized as literary figures not only to promote heroic self-sacrifice for the national or domestic good, but also to explore women's violent participation in the French Revolution.If Huber's and Günderrode's heroines imply revolutionary social sentiments, Caroline de la Motte Fouqué's novel, Das Heldenmädchen aus der Vendée (1816), employs the trope of the warrior woman in a counter-revolutionary effort to lend poetic support to absolute monarchy though her aristocratic, cross-dressing protagonist, which Koser also reads as an "empowering model of female activism and women's patriotic contribution to the political cause and welfare of the country" (143).
In the late eighteenth century, the German preoccupation with the figure of the woman warrior was clearly influenced by contemporary reports from neighboring France that spoke of bloodthirsty female ...“hyenas” and of women’s efforts to secure the right to bear arms and defend the fatherland. ...Koser appropriately begins her study with a discussion of the German reception of reports about women’s roles in the French Revolution. In all these texts, the female warrior turns her aggression toward an external enemy. ...her book has much to offer to scholars of late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century German literature and to anyone interested in women writers of the period.
Taking its cue from recent studies about African diasporas and Khalid Koser's thought- provoking work on illegal diasporas, this article sets out to investigate representations of African refugees ...and illegal diasporas in Abdulrazak Gurnah's topical novel By the Sea (2001). By relating Koser's concept of illegal diasporas to Jacques Derrida's understanding of unconditional hospitality this article considers narrative modes through which illegality and the limits of hospitality are negotiated in Gurnah's novel. Within its fictional negotiation a complex and heterogeneous picture emerges which challenges common stereotypical images of “the African refugee” in Britain and Europe by revealing national and societal inclusion and exclusion strategies. This, however, means that Koser's concept of illegal diasporas is central to an understanding of Britishness on the one hand and the fabrication of a European concept Europagedanke on the other.
