America's 4.7 million commercial buildings account for nearly one-fifth of the U.S. energy consumption. Studies estimate that commercial building instrumentation and control systems that can provide ...energy management and control, HVAC commissioning, HVAC fault detection, and lighting management have the potential to reduce up to 30% energy consumption. The most significant key enabler for this progress is future instrumentation systems that can be deployed in commercial buildings with the proper balance of life cycle cost and performance. A synopsis of an ongoing ORNL R&D activity involving advanced instrumentation designed for deploying in single-story and two-story flexible research platforms at ORNL is presented. This includes low cost wireless sensor networks (WSN), energy management and control, intelligent building fault detection and diagnosis (FDD), and advanced control methodologies and how they can be applied to existing buildings as a retrofit strategy.
The coal enterprise behavior safety integrated management and control system is the integrated management and control information system which takes the behavior safety as the core and aims to guide ...safe behavior and realize coal safety supervision. In this article, we describe the theoretical base of the system design, i.e. the theoretical frame of the accident prevention and control for coal enterprises based the view of behavior safety, design the system structure and function structure of the system through taking the information support platform applying the main strategy of the theory as the guidance, analyze the concrete functional characters from the view of information circulation, and design the standardized relationships of various organization units and activity bodies in the system running and information circulation.
The important and continuous increment in the global electricity consumption is doing that energy saving strategies have turned into a crucial solution. Efficient heating, ventilation and air ...conditioning controls are generally the most cost-effective ways to minimize the use of energy in buildings. In this framework, an energy management and control system has been developed to schedule electric end-uses in the campus of the Polytechnic University of Valencia, Spain. As a result, each system or device in the campus is able to be switched on/off by using a web platform. This paper presents an evaluation of different control strategies for HVAC split systems, which have been performed by using an energy management and control system, developed in a similar way by UPV. In order to adapt and compare several schedules, this paper analyzes the effect of these actions in a common air conditioning device. Not affecting the comfort level and the indoor air quality is an important requirement. For that reason, a multi criteria comparison must be drawn. Demand response strategies are tested in several situations, and the economic saving is calculated taking into account the electricity contract clauses. Finally, a test is realized for the control of a group of similar devices in order to reduce the maximum peak power and obtain a flexible load shape with the HVAC loads. The studies are then extrapolated on a large system, the whole university campus, for which energy and economic savings are quantified.
This paper presents the experience of the authors in the Design, Engineering, Testing and Implementation of electrical systems for large Gas Processing Plants. The following areas are covered in this ...paper: 1. Design Criteria for electrical systems 2. Constraints in design & engineering of electrical systems for large plants 3. Development of Protection Control & Power Management system philosophies for different voltage levels 4. Experiences in actual implementation of a project. The paper provides the user with the identification of the critical areas of concern in designing electrical systems for large gas processing plants and highlights the lessons learnt by the authors during the implementation of the project. The paper summarizes the experiences of the electrical equipment vendor, the end customer and the Engineering Procurement & Construction contractor involved in the project. Acronyms: PDCS - Power Distribution Control System PMCS - Power management and control System ATS - Automatic bus transfer system IED - Intelligent Electronic Device ILS - Intelligent Load Shedding FAT - Factory Acceptance Test.
Taking the shop floor based on group technology as research object, the functions of agents in multilevels are defined under the guidance of the principle of IPDI. And in result a shop floor ...management and control system based on multiagent systems is obtained. This system has the advantages of both distributed control structure and hierarchical control structure. A layered job-shop scheduling method based on the multiagent systems is proposed, which combines static scheduling optimization and dynamic scheduling optimization.
To meet the need of vehicle management and control in the vehicle transportation enterprise, the paper puts forward the strategy and configuration model of system integration based on the middle ...layer, discusses general function of the integrated system, conversion and update of the integrated information, and the solution to working process of integration control.
Fuel quality of biodiesel and its blends depends on the raw materials and chemicals used in transesterification, production process parameters and post-production conditions. Biodiesel feedstock ...analytical methods are outlined. Vital off-line, at-line, in-line and on-site chemical and physical analyses for production facilities and terminal services are described. The role of regulatory agencies and testing laboratories is illustrated and the current status of international biodiesel (blend) specifications is given. Biodiesel quality management sets different analytical requirements at various stages of the product life cycle, involving production, blending, transportation and storage, filling stations, consumers and car manufacturers. Fuel quality surveys have indicated that biodiesel batch-to-batch consistency needs further improvement.
In order to make full use of resources in distributed parallel computing system, and reduce general time cost for performing the algorithm, task scheduling and resource management model and low-layer ...resource supervision-control model are designed and implemented. The unpredictable system behavior is resolved, which is caused by dynamic change resources. The dynamic join-in of resources is allowed. A large expansibility is characteristic. The genetic algorithm is used as scheduling policy, which enables this system to attain global optimum task scheduling. The GMA-based LDAP protocol is adopted in the system. The static data and dynamic ones are stored in directory service to reduce the interaction between the client and the server. Since the data can be obtained in one access, a shared resource environment with uniform programming interface is supplied to user.
The cement industry is a typical process industry. Its production management is vital for business management. On the basis of detailed analysis of cement production management characteristics, ...production management and control system based on manufacture execution system (MES) is put forward. Aiming at actual need of cement enterprise, a suit of production management and control system project that is suitable for actual production requests is designed.
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