Svrha je uvođenja graničnih vrijednosti profesionalne izloženosti (engl. occupational exposure limits, krat. OELs) upravljanje rizikom ne bi li se zaštitilo zdravlje i dobrobit radnika od štetnih ...agensa kojima su izloženi na radnome mjestu. U ovom smo pregledu izdvojili granične koncentracije benzena, toluena, etilbenzena, ksilena (BTEX) i stirena u zraku i, analizirajući 49 članaka objavljenih u zemljama (jugo) zapadne Azije od 1980. do 2021., pronađenih sustavnom pretragom literature, ocijenili profesionalnu izloženost tim spojevima. Granične vrijednosti za BTEX i stiren uvedene su samo u Iranu i Turskoj, i na sličnim su razinama kao one koje vrijede u europskim zemljama I SAD-u. Analiziranih 49 članaka obuhvaćaju istraživanja izloženosti u šest zemalja, ali se većina (njih 40) odnosi na Iran. Prosječna profesionalna izloženost benzenu u radnika u industrijama povezanima s naftom viša je od preporučene granične vrijednosti, a profesionalna izloženost ostalim spojevima niža je od lokalnih graničnih vrijednosti (tamo gdje su uvedene). Trenutačno nema dovoljno podataka o razinama profesionalne izloženosti BTEX-u i stirenu u zemljama (jugo)zapadne Azije, stoga je u njima potrebno regulirati granične vrijednosti i primjenjivati ih. Osim toga, potrebno je provoditi sustavna istraživanja ne bi li se utvrdile stvarne razine profesionalne izloženosti, odgovori na koncentracije onečišćivala i gospodarske i tehničke mogućnosti industrija tih zemalja da riješe trenutačne probleme.
The aim of introducing occupational exposure limits (OELs) is to use them as a risk management tool in order to protect workers’ health and well-being against harmful agents at the workplace. In this ...review we identify OELs for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene (BTEX), and styrene concentrations in air and assess occupational exposure to these compounds through a systematic literature search of publications published in West Asian countries from 1980 to 2021. OELs for BTEX and styrene have been set in Iran and Turkey to levels similar to those in European countries and the US. The search yielded 49 full-text articles that cover studies of exposure assessment in six countries, but most (n=40) regard Iran. Average occupational exposure to benzene of workers in oil-related industries is higher than recommended OEL, while average occupational exposure to other compounds is lower than local OELs (where they exist). Currently, information about levels of occupational exposure to BTEX and styrene is insufficient in West Asian countries, which should be remedied through OEL regulation and application. Furthermore, coherent research is also needed to determine actual levels of occupational exposure, dose-responses, and the economic and technical capacity of local industries to address current issues.
Integrated management systems (IMS) have become a pervasive a part of contemporary business thinking and as such they play a crucial role in the growth and competitiveness of the EU industry. Oil has ...many uses, and the oil industry has many distinct sectors, such as exploration and production, and related services; refining; transportation; and wholesaling and retailing. Given the scale of Europe's oil and gas production, the EU has a key role to play in developing policies and guidelines that help to frame the processes that shape exploration and production and consumption in a safe, responsible and profitable way. To assist in the analysis of the sector-specific IMS framework for the EU oil industry, this article reviews the existing integrated management systems and their auditable standards, providing theoretical implications and guidelines for further research on the phenomenon of sustainable competitive advantage in the oil industry. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
Cilj ovog rada je izraditi statističke analize i utvrditi utjecaj volatilnosti cijena sirove nafte s obzirom
na vrijednosti u industriji nafte i identificirati mjeru u kojoj tržište stjecanja i ...preuzimanja zaostaje u
reagiranju na promjene cijene nafte. S obzirom na ograničen pristup javnosti podacima o stjecanju i
preuzimanju u naftnoj industriji, studija je usmjerena na djelatnost geološkog istraživanja i proizvodnje
te globalnu naftnu industriju u cjelini. Ipak, rezultati istraživanja ostaju indikativni. Budućim se
istraživanjima također trebaju istražiti drugi poslovni segmenti u svrhu mjerenja izloženosti naftnih
gospodarskih grana na volatilnost cijene nafte.
