The development of commercial revenue streams allows traditional nonprofit organizations to increase financial certainty in response to the reduction of traditional funding sources and increased ...competition. In order to capture commercial revenue-generating opportunities, traditional nonprofit organizations need to deliberately transform themselves into social enterprises. Through the theoretical lens of institutional entrepreneurship, we explore the institutional work that supports this transformation by analyzing field interviews with 64 institutional entrepreneurs from UK-based social enterprises. We find that the route to incorporate commercial processes and convert traditional nonprofit organizations into social enterprises requires six distinct kinds of institutional work at three different domains; these are—“engaging commercial revenue strategies”, “creating a professionalized organizational form”, and “legitimating a socio-commercial business model”. In elaborating on social entrepreneurship research and practice, we offer a comprehensive framework delineating the key practices contributing to the transformation from traditional nonprofit organizations to social enterprises. This extends our understanding of the
ex-ante
strategy of incorporating commercial processes within social organizations. Furthermore, the identification of these practices also offers an important tool for scholars in this field to examine the connection (or disconnection) of each practice with different ethical concerns of social entrepreneurship in greater depth.
This study examined how both nonprofit and for-profit organizations use Twitter, a social media platform, to establish a dialogic relationship with their publics. Specifically, the study performed a ...content analysis of 6678 tweets, identifying the dialogic principles in organizations' Twitter pages and examining public engagement with these organizations. The study found that organizations, both nonprofit and for-profit, most closely followed the usefulness of information principle. Nonprofit organizations focused more on the principles of usefulness of information and the conservation of visitors, while for-profit organizations emphasized the dialogic loop principle. Organizations’ dialogic communication significantly influenced their public engagement, a conclusion that helps expand dialogic theory. The theoretical and practical implications of the study were also discussed.
•Organizations pay most attention to the usefulness of information principle.•Nonprofits focus more on usefulness of information and conservation of visitors.•For-profit organizations focus more on the dialogic loop principle.•Organizations' dialogic communication significantly influences public engagement.
The brand personality of nonprofit service organizations (NPO) is a focal cue for individuals engaging in pro-social behavior. However, the positive effect of brand personality on donors' intention ...to engage pro-socially may be affected in cases in which NPOs provide monetary incentives to those donors. Relying on social exchange theory, the authors examine how monetary incentives and brand personality commonly affect the intention to donate and whether this effect varies based on the perceived trustworthiness of the NPO. The results of two experimental studies show that branding and incentivizing decisions should not be developed independently because monetary incentives do indeed undermine the positive effects of brand personality on the intention to donate. However, the effectiveness of incentives varies with the perceived level of trust in the NPO: highly trusted NPO services are harmed by monetary incentives, whereas less-trusted NPOs may even benefit.
Purpose
This study aims to explore how knowledge management (KM) influences the intellectual capital (IC) of organizations operating in health care and how IC and knowledge-sharing (KS) can ...contribute to the achievement of sustainable development in health systems. Notably, this study focuses on telemedicine, investigating how relational capital contributes to KS in the context of remote care services.
Design/methodology/approach
To comply with the paper’s aim, the authors use a qualitative research method based on a polar case study suitable for IC in health-care studies. More precisely, this study analyzes a nonprofit organization that, for over 15 years, has offered a free multispecialist teleconsultation service to answer medical questions from the most disadvantaged places in the world.
Findings
The findings show that the KM significantly contributes to the IC of organizations. Indeed, it improves the data management and transmission system, it increases performance flexibility in times of resource scarcity without compromising business objectives and it can attract new human resources even when not motivated by selfish goals (volunteer physicians).
Research limitations/implications
This research contributes to studies on IC in health care by focusing on the contribution of telemedicine to the creation of IC. In particular, this work emphasizes the ability of telemedicine to develop and share knowledge in disadvantaged areas of the world. Moreover, in the current context, still strongly permeated by the health emergency generated by the pandemic and recently by the war in Eastern Europe, the importance of such assistance and diagnosis grows.
Practical implications
The conclusions the research findings lead may guide policymakers toward a policy supporting telemedicine. It would alleviate general health-care costs and completely revolutionize light health care’s role. Moreover, reducing socioeconomic distances, improving access to care and applying innovative technologies for sharing outcomes foster balanced socioeconomic development and knowledge dissemination.
Originality/value
This research has shown how telemedicine represents a new successful business model even in times of crisis. The organizational model makes it possible to offer cutting-edge specialized care, contain costs, easily reach disadvantaged areas of the planet, strengthen the skills and autonomy of the most backward countries through a process of KS and push the structures operating there to interact with those in advanced countries.
PurposeBuilding on the theories of social exchange and organizational support, this study proposes a research model to investigate the impact of green human resources management (GHRM) on nonprofit ...employees' green work-related outcomes, namely green voice behavior, green knowledge-sharing behavior and green helping behavior. In the model, perceived green organizational support (PGOS) is theorized and employed as an intervening mechanism between the examined linkages.Design/methodology/approachData were collected in two different waves from 408 employees working in the Palestinian nonprofit sector. Covariance based-structural equation modeling was used to validate the study's research model and to examine the hypotheses.FindingsThe results indicated that GHRM is positively associated with green voice behavior, green knowledge-sharing behavior and green helping behavior. Moreover, the results show that PGOS exhibits a significant mediation effect between the aforesaid links. This study thus provides initial empirical evidence in the field of GHRM, with particular focus on the nonprofit sector.Research limitations/implicationsThis research provides a roadmap to nonprofit managers and practitioners on how GHRM can encourage employees to speak up, share information and help others in the environmental and green domain. By supporting nonprofit managers strengthening green employee behavior, it provides an additional source to fostering intrinsically motivated behaviors in the workplace.Originality/valueIn response to urgent environmental threats, this study contributes to green and sustainable management research with a focus on GHRM, thereby providing initial empirical research from a nonprofit perspective.
ABSTRACT
Comparing an entity’s financial indicators with those of similar organizations can provide a better understanding of its operational and financial health. This study describes the design and ...implementation of a prototype multilabel classification method to categorize nonprofit organizations (NPOs) using the textual content of their mission statements to enable beneficial comparisons. Positive unlabeled learning was used to improve the classification performance of partially labeled data. Naive Bayes, Gradient Boosting, Random Forest, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms were applied to determine the most effective method for classifying NPOs. The SVM model performed best in identifying “Housing and Shelter” organizations. The SVM classifier identified organizations that were not previously classified as “Housing and Shelter” but provided housing and shelter services as a part of their programs and activities. The new classification method can help donors, grant providers, and researchers to identify similar nonprofit organizations at the operational level.
This study examines gender pay gaps among nonprofit executives and how compensation negotiability influences these disparities. Using tax return data from IRS Form 990 filings, we find that females ...earn 8.9% lower total compensation than men in our sample. Further, we observe that settings more conducive to negotiation manifest in larger pay disparities, whereas settings that limit executives’ opportunities to negotiate or that encourage females in particular to negotiate produce smaller gender pay gaps. Our nonprofit setting constrains mechanisms, such as labor force participation rates and risk preferences, that are thought to explain the pay gap, and our results are robust to using a Heckman correction model and matched samples. These findings provide evidence from a large-scale archival dataset of a plausible mechanism for the gender pay gap and point to a potential cost of work environments where negotiations play a larger role in setting compensation.
Budget ratcheting in museums Sandalgaard, Niels; Bukh, Per Nikolaj
Journal of public budgeting, accounting & financial management,
11/2023, Volume:
35, Issue:
5
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Purpose
This study focuses on ratcheting and budget behavior in nonprofit museums. Specifically, the authors examine how performance compared with the budget affects future revenue budgets, and how ...this differs from the extant literature focused on for-profit organizations. The study focuses specifically on the relationship between museums and their sources of public funding and how this affects how museums prepare budgets.
Design/methodology/approach
Based on four years of data covering 97 state-subsidized Danish museums, the authors analyze budget ratcheting using least absolute deviation (LAD) estimations in the form of median regressions.
Findings
The authors find that when actual revenue from admission charges is below the budget, the decrease in the following year's budget is greater than the increase in the following year's budget when actual revenue from admission charges is above the budget (i.e. the authors find asymmetrical ratcheting).
Research limitations/implications
The findings are based on a specific setting (Danish museums), and the results may not be generalizable to other settings.
Practical implications
This study provides insights into the museum sector and other sectors with similar characteristics and contributes to understanding the differences between museums and for-profit organizations when it comes to budgeting. As private-sector management practices are gaining ground in the museum sector, it is important to learn more about budgeting-related issues in this sector.
Originality/value
The asymmetrical ratcheting the authors find is the opposite of ratcheting typically found in for-profit organizations. The authors attribute the results to the incentive conflict between museums and their public funding sources. The authors point to the museums' dependence on public funding as an explanation for the results and, thereby, extend the knowledge on ratcheting to organizations with different characteristics than traditional, for-profit organizations.
Social media act as primary means of connection between the stake-holding public and varied enterprises, including nonprofit entities. The media also have great potency to assist nonprofit ...organizations (NPOs) to deliver real-time transparency to the public. While prior studies have assessed how NPO online accountability is discharged through organization website, fewer ones discussed on social media usage to deliver online accountability. This study, therefore, aims to find out how social media act as online accountability channels for NPOs and observe which social media is the most effective in performing such an objective. The study follows a qualitative case study approach on a nonprofit Indonesian humanitarian organization. While the data was collected through a document review, semi-structured interviews, and content analysis of massive social media statistical data (including 18,929 posts made by the NPO from January 1, 2012 to August 28, 2020). The data was subsequently analyzed through the use of the thematic method. Using NPO accountability framework developed from former literature, it is found that NPOs can fulfill various dimensions of accountability through social media: formal-informal and upward-downward. Nonetheless, their current use of social media is still restricted to short-term rather than strategic accountability. In terms of effectiveness, Facebook followed by Instagram surpassed other media in terms of attracting fans, engagement, and total reactions-comments-shares. This study offers several implications for the management of NPOs by outlining a framework of optimizing social media for discharging online accountability as well as further research agendas to scholars interested in the subject.
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