OBJECTIVE To use the advantages of a ratio scale with verbal anchors in order to measure the risk perception in the novel coronavirus infection, which causes covid-19, in a health belief model-based ...questionnaire, as well as its validity and reproducibility. METHOD We used the health belief model, which explores four dimensions: perceived susceptibility (five questions), perceived severity (five questions), perceived benefits (five questions), and perceived barriers (five questions). Additionally, we included a fifth dimension, called pro-health motivation (four questions). The questions composed an electronic questionnaire disseminated by social networks for an one-week period. Answers were quantitative values of subjective representations, obtained by a psychophysically constructed scale with verbal anchors ratio (CentiMax ® ). Mean time for total filling was 12 minutes (standard deviation = 1.6). RESULTS We obtained 277 complete responses to the form. One was excluded because it belonged to a participant under 18 years old. Reproducibility measures were significant for 22 of the 24 questions in our questionnaire (Cronbach's α = 0.883). Convergent validity was attested by Spearman-Brown's split half reliability coefficient (r = 0.882). Significant differences among groups were more intense in perceived susceptibility and severity dimensions, and less in perceived benefits and barriers. CONCLUSION Our health belief model-based questionnaire using quantitative measures enabled the confirmation of popular beliefs about covid-19 infection risks. The advantage in our approach lays in the possibility of quickly, directly and quantitatively identifying individual belief profiles for each dimension in the questionnaire, serving as a great ally for communication processes and public health education.
Plant translocation is a useful tool for implementing assisted gene flow in recovery plans of critically endangered plant species. Although it helps to restore genetically viable populations, it is ...not devoid of genetic risks, such as poor adaptation of transplants and outbreeding depression in the hybrid progeny, which may have negative consequences in terms of demographic growth and plant fitness. Hence, a follow‐up genetic monitoring should evaluate whether the translocated populations are genetically viable and self‐sustaining in the short and long term. The causes of failure to adjust management responses also need to be identified. Molecular markers and fitness‐related quantitative traits can be used to determine whether a plant translocation enhanced genetic diversity, increased fitness, and improved the probability of long‐term survival. We devised guidelines and illustrated them with studies from the literature to help practitioners determine the appropriate genetic survey methods so that management practices can better integrate evolutionary processes. These guidelines include methods for sampling and for assessing changes in genetic diversity and differentiation, contemporary gene flow, mode of local recruitment, admixture level, the effects of genetic rescue, inbreeding or outbreeding depression and local adaptation on plant fitness, and long‐term genetic changes.
Directrices para el Monitoreo Genético de Poblaciones de Plantas Translocadas
Resumen
La translocación de plantas es una herramienta útil para implementar el flujo génico asistido en los planes de recuperación de especies de plantas en peligro crítico. Aunque ayuda a restaurar poblaciones genéticamente viables, no está exento de riesgos genéticos, como la baja adaptación de los trasplantes y la depresión por exogamia en la progenie híbrida, que pueden tener consecuencias negativas en términos de crecimiento demográfico y adaptabilidad de las plantas. Por tanto, un monitoreo genético de seguimiento debería evaluar si las poblaciones translocadas son genéticamente viables y autosustentables en el corto y largo plazos. Las causas del fracaso al ajustar respuestas de manejo también deben ser identificadas. Se pueden utilizar marcadores moleculares y atributos relacionados con la adaptabilidad para determinar si una translocación de plantas aumentó la diversidad genética, incrementó la adaptabilidad y mejoró la probabilidad de supervivencia a largo plazo. Diseñamos directrices y las ilustramos con estudios en la literatura para ayudar a que los practicantes determinen los métodos de monitoreo genético adecuados para que las prácticas de manejo integren procesos evolutivos de mejor manera. Estas directrices incluyen métodos para muestrear y evaluar cambios en la diversidad y diferenciación genética; el flujo génico contemporáneo; la forma de reclutamiento local; el nivel de mezcla; los efectos del rescate genético, la depresión por endogamia o exogamia y la adaptación local sobre la adaptabilidad de las plantas y los cambios genéticos a largo plazo.
Article impact statement: Genetic monitoring evaluates the success of plant translocations to restore genetic diversity and plant fitness in endangered populations.
Introduction: The introduction of artificial intelligence-driven applications is revolutionizing dentomaxillofacial imaging. Objectives: To describe the current status of artificial intelligence ...applications in dentomaxillofacial diagnostics; to assess their impact; and to identify future directions for research and implementation. Methods: A narrative review was performed, using systematic searches in databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, IEEE Xplore, among others; the study focused on articles published from 2010 to the present. Researches applying artificial intelligence technologies in dentomaxillofacial diagnosis were included; their quality and relevance were evaluated using the established tools. Results: Artificial intelligence, especially deep learning, has shown significant improvements in image segmentation, disease detection and treatment planning in dentomaxillofacial imaging. Artificial intelligence techniques have enabled automation of image analysis tasks, improved efficiency and diagnostic accuracy. Conclusions: Artificial intelligence has significant potential to revolutionize dentomaxillofacial imaging, as it offers improvements in diagnostic accuracy, efficiency in image interpretation, and treatment planning. Further research is needed to overcome technical, ethical and privacy challenges and to validate the clinical applicability of these technologies.
This research aimed to investigate the causes of pleasure and suffering of application deliverers. The study stands out for promoting the understanding of the work context that gives rise to the main ...causes of physical and mental illness of application deliverers, providing subsidies for the psychodynamics of work, for the construction and analysis of demand and for the service given the increase in this group of workers. This is a qualitative research, carried out through semi-structured interviews with 11 agents. The interview script was inspired by the scale of indicators of pleasure and suffering at work and the assessment scale of work-related harm, both belonging to the inventory on work and risks of illness, prepared by Mendes and Ferreira (2007). The results indicate that work provides both pleasure and suffering, although situations stand out in which delivery men expose feelings of suffering associated with the activity they perform. The main motivations are survival and lack of bureaucracy to start the activity, even though there are no labor rights and guarantees. The damage caused by work is related to the high emotional cost, lack of motivation, desire to give up the activity, loneliness and pain in the body and head. This study contributes to the scientific field of pleasure and suffering at work, emphasizing that there is a need for public policies to formalize this category of work to guarantee its basic needs.
Introduction: adolescence is a period of rapid growth and important changes in body composition; it is a stage with a high prevalence of nutritional disorders, and excess malnutrition is among the ...most frequent. Objectives: to characterize adolescents with excess malnutrition belonging to the Rafael María de Mendive Mixed Center of the Sandino municipality in the period from September 2020 to January 2021. Method: a descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study was carried out. The universe was represented by 552 adolescents, between 12 and 17 years of age, the sample consisted of 197 adolescents of either sex by simple random sampling. A descriptive statistical analysis was applied by calculating the numerical and percentage distribution, as well as the mean and standard deviation. The variables used were age, sex, birth weight, blood pressure, risk factors and biochemical variables. Results: obese adolescents were predominantly male (50,8 %), in the age group between 16 and 17 (37,6 %). Among normal-weight patients, normal blood pressure figures predominated (81,2%) and normal values were found in 43,7 % of overweight patients. Abdominal obesity was the most frequent risk factor (100 %). Conclusions: in the Rafael María de Mendive Mixed Center of the Sandino municipality, there is a predominance of obsessive adolescents of the male sex. Blood pressure figures were normal in most adolescents. The main risk factor was abdominal obesity.
•To obtain 2D GaN layers it is reasonable to utilise the compliant substrates of por-Si and low-temperature nuclear GaN layers with 3D morphology.•Based on the structural and spectroscopic analysis, ...it was found that the growth of GaN film according to the technique described above on the compliant substrate of por-Si(111) had numerous advantages over the growth on single-crystalline silicon c-Si(111).•The use of compliant por-Si(111) substrates is an acceptable approach for the formation of device semiconductor heterostructures based on GaN by a MBE PA technique.
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome, resulting from a translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22 that gives rise to the BCR-ABL1 fusion ...gene. The Ph chromosome is present in 95 % of CML cases. In 5 %-10 % of these cases Ph variants occur and, approximately 5 % of these cases present with additional chromosomal abnormalities (ACAs). In this work we describe the prevalence of chromosome abnormalities in a sample of Colombian CML patients. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted, analyzing cytogenetic and molecular data from 142 CML patients. Data were collected between 2016 and 2019 at the laboratory of Biogenética Diagnóstica S.A.S. Among the 142 patients were analyzed, 56 % were male, and the average age was 45 years. The Ph chromosome was observed in 81 % of the cases. Three-way chromosome variants involving chromosomes 3, 7, and 8 were detected. The most frequent additional chromosomal aberration was +der(22)t(9;22). Atypical patterns associated with poor prognosis were found, via FISH analyses, in 88.2 % of the patients. The BCR-ABL1 fusion gene was detected in 100 % of the 18 patients subjected RT-PCR tests. This retrospective study reveals intriguing findings regarding chromosomal abnormalities in Colombian patients with CML, including rare three-way chromosome variants and atypical FISH patterns associated with a poor prognosis.Further investigation is warranted to explore the clinical implications, prognosis, and survival outcomes associated with these cytogenetic findings in CML patients.
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