Zusammenfassung
In der Verteilungsanalyse und Armutsmessung haben sich gewisse Usancen etabliert, die nicht mehr kritisch hinterfragt werden. Während es bis in die späten 1980er intensive ...Diskussionen sowohl in der Wissenschaft wie auch der Öffentlichkeit zu Fragen nach normativen Basisentscheidungen und den angemessenen statistischen Instrumenten der empirischen Ermittlung gab, wird heute v. a. im politischen Raum auf vermeintlich wissenschaftlich objektive – und damit angeblich wertfreie – Maßstäbe verwiesen. Weder die „modifizierte OECD-Skala“ noch die „relative“ Armutsgrenze werden hinsichtlich ihrer Angemessenheit kritisch diskutiert. Auch muss man beim sogenannten „Statistik“-Modell für die Bemessung von Grundsicherungsleistungen fragen, wieviel Statistik es tatsächlich enthält. Die kritische Prüfung der Angemessenheit statistischer Verfahren war stets eine Forderung von Heinz Grohmann, dem diese Vorlesung gewidmet ist.
What is beggary? Is the act of beggary an essential component of the vast field of poverty or is it a category out of poverty that abuses the positive feelings of society towards poverty? Is the ...beggar/beggary that tries to justify its position by carrying the form of poverty it represents through expression and behavior forms to the perception of the society a sort of stunt that is vital in the field of poverty? From a socio-economic perspective is beggary composed of a monolithic body? How can the relationship of beggary with the social, economic, religious, and political ground be formulated? The aim of this dissertation is to question the position or the identity of beggary – which continues to exist supported by the religious, ethical, and moral factors embedded in our perception of poverty – in the limits/conditions of poverty in the context of the questions raised above witt the results gathered through a survey conducted in Istanbul. Through a comparison of data on the universe of poverty with the position of beggary - interlocked with the expressions and practices gathered from the world of poverty - this study aimes to shed light on the uncertainty in the topic.
Dilencilik nedir? Dilencilik olarak ifade bulan davranış biçimi, yoksulluğun geniş coğrafyasında asli bir unsur mudur yoksa yoksulluğun toplumca pozitif çağrışımlara sahip veçhesini kullanan yoksulluk dışı bir kategori midir? Temsil ettiği yoksulluk biçimini söz ve davranış kalıplarıyla toplumun algı sahasına taşıyarak pozisyonunu meşrulaştırmaya çalışan dilenci/dilencilik, yoksulluk alanında hayatiyet bulan bir dublörlük biçimi midir? Sosyo-ekonomik açıdan monolitik bir gövdeden mi oluşmaktadır? Dilenciliğin toplumsal, ekonomik ve dinsel zeminle ilişkisi nasıl formüle edilebilir? Bu çalışmanın amacı, yoksulluk algımız içine yerleşen toplumsal, dinsel ve vicdani etkenlerle desteklenerek varlığını sürdüren dilenciliğin yukarıda belirtilen sorular ışığında yoksulluk sınırları/halleri içindeki konumunu ya da kimliğini İstanbul örneğinde elde ettiğimiz veriler ışığında sorgulamaktır. Dilenciliğin yoksulluk dünyasından devşirdiği söz ve pratiklerle iç içe geçmiş pozisyonunu, yoksulluk evreninin barındırdığı donelerle karşılaştırarak vuzuha kavuşturmayı hedefleyen bu çalışma söz konusu hattaki belirsizliğe açıklık getirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Review of Bádenas Zamora, Antonio, Los litigantes miserables ante la Justicia de Fernando VII, Editorial Dykinson, Madrid, 2018, 145 pp. ISBN 978-84-9148-797-5.
Poverty and income equality have become to stand in the forefront of the world that globalised through neo-classical policies after 1980. Besides technological dependence, globalisation wave has also ...led to a commercial dependence of surrounding countries to the central countries as well. The purpose of this study is to evaluate globalisation process in the world through its results of technological development and poverty. Production of genetically modified products which were justified as a solution to poverty caused by growing population; however, only appeals to the commercial considerations of developed countries. Due to profit ambition, these products have entered into our lives fast before they are discussed ethically and examined about their possible effects on the human health and ecology. This study consists of material, secondary data and literature about the subject. The method used in the study is descriptionary examination of the relationship between poverty (the problem of hunger) and technological development through globalisation. As a result, besides and relative poverty, neo-classical economic theories also bring human poverty in the forefront . Especially, economic considerations should not be highlighted in the technology policies for agriculture fields but the hazards of these technologies on ecology and human beings should also be taken into consideration.
A large amount of money is spent by developing countries in designing and implementing poverty alleviation and reduction programmes. Many of these programmes have well defined objectives and ...sub-objectives–but the achievements are quite often uncertain. Most of the studies conducted to investigate the effectiveness of these programmes emphasize structural bottlenecks, asymmetric information, and rent seeking behaviour as hurdles preventing these programmes from reaching comprehensive benefits to their target households. This paper moves the investigation one step further and probes whether effective governance or its absence has any effect on the effectiveness of the poverty reduction programmes. The paper thus provides an analytical characterization of beneficiary households from both troubled and nontroubled Indian states and studies factors that were important in the beneficiaries realizing income benefits from the SITRA programme of the government of India. Beaucoup d'argent est dépensé dans les pays en développement pour dessiner et réaliser les programmes de réduction de la pauvreté. Plusieurs programmes ont des objectifs et sous-objectifs bien définis mais les résultats sont incertains. Les études menées sur l'efficacite de ces programmes soulignent les obstacles structurels, l'information asymétrique, et la recherche de rentes empêchent l'achèvement de résultats pour les populations cible. Cette étude pousse l'investigation vers l'analyse des effets une gouvernance efficace sur l'efficacité de ces programmes; il caractérise aussi analytiquement les unités rurales bénéficiaires des états indien avec ou sans problémes et étudie les facteurs importants pour la réalisation des bénéfices pour les personnes impliquées du programme SITRA du gouvernement indien.
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