If there is one genre that has captured the imagination of people in all walks of life throughout the world, it is the fairy tale. Yet we still have great difficulty understanding how it originated, ...evolved, and spread--or why so many people cannot resist its appeal, no matter how it changes or what form it takes. In this book, renowned fairy-tale expert Jack Zipes presents a provocative new theory about why fairy tales were created and retold--and why they became such an indelible and infinitely adaptable part of cultures around the world.
Drawing on cognitive science, evolutionary theory, anthropology, psychology, literary theory, and other fields, Zipes presents a nuanced argument about how fairy tales originated in ancient oral cultures, how they evolved through the rise of literary culture and print, and how, in our own time, they continue to change through their adaptation in an ever-growing variety of media. In making his case, Zipes considers a wide range of fascinating examples, including fairy tales told, collected, and written by women in the nineteenth century; Catherine Breillat's film adaptation of Perrault's "Bluebeard"; and contemporary fairy-tale drawings, paintings, sculptures, and photographs that critique canonical print versions.
While we may never be able to fully explain fairy tales,The Irresistible Fairy Taleprovides a powerful theory of how and why they evolved--and why we still use them to make meaning of our lives.
Language development in toddlerhood & early childhood progresses very quickly, while individual developmental phases are the same irrespective of the language the child is acquiring. The aim of this ...longitudinal study was to examine the characteristics of children's language comprehension & expression, & their pragmatic use of language, as well as to determine the developmental language changes that occur between the ages of three & four. The sample involved 80 randomly selected children, 39 girls & 41 boys, whose average age at the first evaluation was 3,1 years & at the second 4,1 years. The research also involved the mothers & teachers of the children included in the sample. The children's language comprehension & expression were determined using a Language Development Scale, & their pragmatic use of language was assessed through testing their storytelling abilities. Their language competence was also evaluated by their teachers & mothers. The results highlight significant differences between three- & four-year-olds as shown by the Language Development Scale & by their storytelling abilities, as well as in the evaluations by their teachers & mothers. Among three-year-olds, stories at the 2nd level of coherence prevailed, i.e., containing simple descriptions of people, objects or illustrations, whereas four-year-olds most often told stories at the 3rd level, i.e., containing a simple temporal stringing together of events. The child's gender had no significant effect on development between the age of three & four. In interpreting the results, we drew upon the findings of both Slovenian & foreign authors relating to different aspects of language development in toddlers & young children. Figures, References. Adapted from the source document
The scientific monograph ('A Written Record of Live Storytelling') brings the basic theory and methodological procedures for field documentation, transcription and research of narrative folklore. It ...addresses threeContext, Texture and Transcoding of Stories Told Live by Tina Kravanja from Bavšica” brings the basic theory and methodological procedures for field documentation, transcription and research of narrative folklore. It addresses three levels of a folklore event – context, texture, and text – in the narration of folklore stories. Each level, especially context, is further enhanced with the theoretical findings derived from the author's own field work, e.g. defining storytelling meeting as alternation of stories, told in more artistic expression, and of linking texts told in an everyday. Linking texts are important cohesive ties of storytelling event as whole. The book also deals with defining of six roles of the participants who influence the course of storytelling event, etc. The monograph also attempts to solve the problem of putting down oral stories onto paper. To preserve as much information as possible, it proposes transcription as well as transcoding with the help of accurate phonetic transcription, concurrent notes on the texture, and a description of the context. The methods are explained with the phonetic transcription of 22 stories told by Tina Kravanja from Bavšica during a single field visit.
Avtorice v razpravi predstavljajo izvirna slovenska pripomočka za ocenjevanje otroškega govora od drugega do šestega leta, ki so ju razvile na podlagi analize tujih preizkusov ter lastnega ...raziskovanja. Merila za ocenjevanje otrokove zgodbe so bila že podrobneje predstavljena tako v slovenskem kot tujem prostoru, tokrat pa prvič predstavljajo Lestvice splošnega govornega razvoja (LSGR - LJ), ki so v postopku standardizacije in bodo uporabne v raziskovalne in tudi širše strokovne namene. LSGR - LJ sestavljajo tri lestvice, in sicer Lestvice govornega razumevanja, Lestvice govornega izražanja in Lestvice metajezikovnega zavedanja. Slednjo rešujejo pet- in šestletniki ter mlajši otroci, ki so na lestvicah govornega razumevanja in izražanja rešili tudi naloge za pet let, medtem ko prvi dve rešujejo otroci od drugega leta starosti naprej. Pripomoček ima 221 nalog, vendar otrok glede na svojo kronološko starost ter govorno kompetentnost rešuje le naloge ustrezne težavnosti. - Dosedanje raziskave so pokazale, da gre za visoko zanesljiv pripomoček, LSGR - LJ pa zadoščajo tudi merilom vsebinske, konstruktne in konvergentne veljavnosti.
PDF