This book presents the evidence for the belief that psoriasis is a disease of abnormal keratinocyte proliferation induced by T cells. The latest approaches to investigating the immunopathogenesis of ...this disease, and a review of previous findings, are presented to give an overall picture of the current knowledge in this field. Each topic is discussed in detail, clearly illustrated and well referenced. The book should prove invaluable to clinical dermatologists, and researchers in the fields of immunology and dermatology who have an interest in skin diseases.
Užívanie tabaku patrí medzi najvýznamnejšie príčiny zbytočných a predčasných úmrtí v histórií ľudstva. Štúdie dokazujú, že fajčenie je vážnym medicínskym a spoločensko-ekonomickým problémom, ktorý v ...súčasnosti nadobudol charakter pandémie. Fajčenie je rizikový faktor participujúci na predčasných úmrtiach v dôsledku vzniku desiatky ochorení, predovšetkým onkologických, srdcovocievnych, chorôb tráviaceho traktu, ústnej dutiny. Fajčenie, ako návyk, sa významnou mierou podieľa sa vzniku chronickej obštrukčnej choroby pľúc, na ktorú zomiera viac fajčiarov ako na rakovinu pľúc, a ktorej výskyt je priamo závislý od prevalencie fajčenia cigariet. Vzhľadom na rôznorodosť a početnosť ochorení, ktoré fajčenie spôsobuje, sa účinky fajčenia na kožný systém často prehliadajú. Práca ako súborný referát poukazuje na negatívne zmeny na koži, ktoré fajčenie so sebou prináša, ale predovšetkým zdôrazňuje potrebu prevencie, ktorá je omnoho účinnejšia ako následná liečba. Súhrn výsledkov a záverov viacerých zahraničných a domácich literárnych štúdií zaoberajúcich sa problematikou fajčenia a kože potvrdzuje negatívne pôsobenie cigaretového dymu a jeho súčastí na kožu a jej zložky. Práca sa zameriava na etiologickú a patofyziologickú súvislosť fajčenia so vznikom karcinómu kože, starnutia kože a rozvojom chronického ochorenia kože – psoriázy. Práca predkladá užitočné preventívne rady, prečo s fajčením nezačať, ako s touto závislosťou čo najefektívnejšie skoncovať, prípadne na koho sa môže pri odvykaní obrátiť. V rámci prevencie príspevok zdôrazňuje potrebu dennej starostlivosti o kožu, samovyšetrovanie, ale aj dôležitosť mať dostatočné poznatky o škodlivých účinkoch fajčenia na kožu.
Tobacco use is the most important cause of preventable and premature deaths in human history. Literature reviews confirm that smoking is a serious medical and socio-economic problem, which currently has the character of a pandemic habit. Smoking is a risk factor of premature deaths resulting from many diseases, e. g. cancer, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal diseases, oral cavity diseases. Smoking is an important risk factor also for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, where more smokers will die from this chronic condition as compared to mortality from lung cancer. Frequency of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is directly related to the intensity of cigarette smoking. The effect of smoking has a very high diversity of diseases caused by smoking, but the effects of smoking on the skin are often overlooked. Article is a summary review focused on negative changes on the skin caused by smoking. The paper particularly emphasizes the need for prevention, which is far more effective than curative treatment. Summary of results and conclusions of several foreign and domestic research studies focusing on the issue of smoking and skin, confirms the negative effect of cigarette smoke and its components on the skin and skin cutaneous complex. The work focuses on the etiological and pathophysiological association of smoking on skin cancer, skin aging and the development of chronic skin diseases – psoriasis. The article also provides useful preventive advice for smoking cessation and for early stages of smoking prevention. The paper also confirms the necessity and need for daily skin care, self-testing, but also the importance of a sufficient knowledge of the adverse effects of smoking on the skin.
Jana Diabelková, Kvetoslava Rimárová
Literatura
Pavel Borsky, Zdenek Fiala, Ctirad Andrys, Martin Beranek, Kvetoslava Hamakova, Jan Kremlacek, Andrea Malkova, Tereza Svadlakova, Jan Krejsek, Vladimir Palicka, Vit Rehacek, Lenka Kotingova, Lenka ...Borska.
Obsahuje bibliografii
The study aimed to contribute to understanding the role of CRP, chemerin, fetuin-A and osteopontin and to assess their suitability as biomarkers of early stages of cardiovascular diseases in psoriasis vulgaris. Serum levels measured in 28 patients and 22 controls. Patients: increased levels of CRP (p<0.001), chemerin (p<0.05), osteopontin (p<0.05) and decreased levels of fetuin-A (p<0.05), significant relationships between CRP and fetuin-A (rho=0.530, p<0.01), CRP and chemerin (rho=0.543, p<0.01), CRP and age (rho=0.590, p<0.001), osteopontin and fetuin-A (r=-0.415, p<0.05), chemerin and PASI score (rho=-0.424, p<0.05). We confirmed specific roles of the biomarkers in psoriasis. CRP, fetuin-A and osteopontin could be considered appropriate markers for the detection of early stages of cardiovascular diseases.
Psoriasis patients are often susceptible to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including atherosclerosis. Traditional markers (biochemical and inflammatory) and diagnostic tools could detect occlusive ...but not subclinical atherosclerosis. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), has recently been recognised as a non invasive diagnostic tool for identification of premature atherosclerosis. Therefore we evaluated 80 psoriasis patients and 80 age sex matched healthy controls for serum leptin levels and apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A-I ratio (apoB/apoA-I ratio) in relation with CIMT of carotid artery. Carotid intima-media thickness and carotid plaques were simultaneously measured by carotid sonography. Serum concentration of leptin and apolipoprotein were measured using enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) and nephelometry respectively. Raised CIMT correlated to age of onset of the disease, serum leptin and apoB/apoA-I ratio in psoriasis patients. Taking into account, values that were above the 75 percentile of the three markers (leptin, apoB/apoA-I ratio and CIMT) the odds ratio was 4.26 (2.06-8.80 CI). Leptin and apoB/apoA-I ratio showed significant cumulative association with CIMT. Results of predictive analysis supports measurement of CIMT along with estimation of serum leptin and apoB/apoA-I ratio for prediction of premature atherosclerosis in psoriasis patients.
K. Asha, S. B. Sharma, A. Singal, A. Aggarwal
Regulatory T cells (Treg) are a specialized subpopulation of T cells that act to suppress inadequate immune response. Psoriasis is recognized as a T -cell driven immune-mediated systemic inflammatory ...disease with skin manifestation. Effective therapeutical approach to treat psoriasis is Goeckerman therapy (GT ). The aim of this study was to compare the number of Treg in the peripheral blood of 27 psoriatic patients and 19 controls and to evaluate the influence of GT on Treg population in peripheral blood of patients with psoriasis. There was no significant difference in the relative number of Treg cells in the peripheral blood of healthy blood donors and patients with psoriasis before initiation of GT (P = 0.2668). In contrary, the relative number of Treg cells in peripheral blood of patients with psoriasis after GT was significantly higher than those found in healthy blood donors (P = 0.0019). Moreover, the relative number of Treg is significantly increased in psoriatic patients after Goeckerman therapy compared to the pre-treatment level (P = 0.0042). In conclusion, this significant increase in Treg count after GT is probably associated with amelioration of inflammation by GT , as disease activity expressed as PASI decreased in our patients by GT (P = 0.0001).
Kateřina Kondělková, Doris Vokurková, Jan Krejsek, Lenka Borská, Zdeněk Fiala, Květa Hamáková, Ctirad Andrýs
Literatura 39
