Adapting Educational and Psychological Tests for Cross-Cultural Assessment critically examines and advances new methods and practices for adapting tests for cross-cultural assessment and research. ...The International Test Commission (ITC) guidelines for test adaptation and conceptual and methodological issues in test adaptation are described in detail, and questions of ethics and concern for validity of test scores in cross-cultural contexts are carefully examined. Advances in test translation and adaptation methodology, including statistical identification of flawed test items, establishing equivalence of different language versions of a test, and methodologies for comparing tests in multiple languages, are reviewed and evaluated. The book also focuses on adapting ability, achievement, and personality tests for cross-cultural assessment in educational, industrial, and clinical settings.
This book furthers the ITC's mission of stimulating research on timely topics associated with assessment. It provides an excellent resource for courses in psychometric methods, test construction, and educational and/or psychological assessment, testing, and measurement. Written by internationally known scholars in psychometric methods and cross-cultural psychology, the collection of chapters should also provide essential information for educators and psychologists involved in cross-cultural assessment, as well as students aspiring to such careers.
Contents: Preface. Part I: Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Educational and Psychological Tests: Theoretical and Methodological Issues. R.K. Hambleton, Issues, Designs, and Technical Guidelines for Adapting Tests Into Multiple Languages and Cultures. F.J.R. van de Vijver, Y.H. Poortinga, Conceptual and Methodological Issues in Adapting Tests. T. Oakland, Selected Ethical Issues Relevant to Test Adaptations. S.G. Sireci, L. Patsula, R.K. Hambleton, Statistical Methods for Identifying Flaws in the Test Adaptation Process. S.G. Sireci, Using Bilinguals to Evaluate the Comparability of Different Language Versions of a Test. L.L. Cook, A.P. Schmitt-Cascallar, Establishing Score Comparability for Tests Given in Different Languages. L.L. Cook, A.P. Schmitt-Cascallar, C. Brown, Adapting Achievement and Aptitude Tests: A Review of Methodological Issues. Part II: Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Educational and Psychological Tests: Applications to Achievement, Aptitude, and Personality Tests. C.T. Fitzgerald, Test Adaptation in a Large-Scale Certification Program. C.Y. Maldonado, K.F. Geisinger, Conversion of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Into Spanish: An Early Test Adaption Effort of Considerable Consequence. N.K. Tanzer, Developing Tests for Use in Multiple Languages and Cultures: A Plea for Simultaneous Development. F. Drasgow, T.M. Probst, The Psychometrics of Adaptation: Evaluating Measurement Equivalence Across Languages and Cultures. M. Beller, N. Gafni, P. Hanani, Constructing, Adapting, and Validating Admissions Tests in Multiple Languages: The Israeli Case. P.F. Merenda, Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Educational and Psychological Testing. C.D. Spielberger, M.S. Moscoso, T.M. Brunner, Cross-Cultural Assessment of Emotional States and Personality Traits.
The present studies were aimed at developing the Hungarian version of the Short Dark Triad questionnaire (SD3-HU). The internal structure of the translated questionnaire was examined with ...confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modeling. Then the construct and concurrent validity of the Hungarian version was tested. The obtained results were based on a total of seven independent samples (N.sub.TOTAL = 2161). While the internal structure of the SD3-HU showed inconsistencies with that of the original SD3, it proved consistent with adaptations developed in other languages. The SD3-HU showed adequate construct and concurrent validity. In line with the conceptual framework of, and previous empirical findings on the Dark Triad, each dark trait showed the expected associations with broad personality dimensions, sensation seeking, character strengths, work motivation, and counterproductive work behaviors. Furthermore, self-ratings on the SD3-HU were consistent with peer ratings. In sum, the SD3-HU is a reliable and valid measure of the dark traits.
Individuals who are involved in meaningful work are positively engaged in their jobs, perceiving it as both significant and congruent with themselves. Considering that meaningful work is related to ...positive working and organizational outcomes, a valid and reliable scale of meaningful work may be useful in research contexts and consultation projects to evaluate the effectiveness of psychological interventions aimed at increasing the perceived meaning of work. This study tested the psychometric properties of the Work and Meaning Inventory in the Italian context, verifying its measurement invariance across gender and its validity. Participants included 807 Italian adults, balanced by gender. The dimensions analysed are meaningful work, work engagement, organizational citizenship behaviour, flourishing, life satisfaction and job satisfaction. The results indicate good psychometric properties of the WAMI scale in the Italian context, confirming the original factor structure and showing good reliability indexes, measurement invariance across genders, and concurrent validity. Suggestions for further research and practical implications are discussed: the instrument can be useful in career counselling to reflect on the importance of meaningful work; organizations may benefit by promoting the meaningful work, as more engaged and more committed workers in turn will be more productive.
GRAT-16 is one of the most commonly used scales that measure gratitude. This scale was designed and majorly used in the western context. The present paper examined the factorial solution, ...reliability, and validity of the scale in Indian settings. For psychometric analysis of GRAT-16, two studies were conducted. The first study examined the factorial validity of the three-dimensional scale of gratitude (GRAT-16) in the Indian context. The first study was based on a sample of 530 students that consisted of 51.32% male and 48.68% female respondents. These students were enrolled in commerce (68.11%), science (20.57%), and humanities (11.32%) courses and have a mean age of 21.19 years. Study 1 had two sub-samples. The first subsample (n = 260) was used for exploratory factor analysis using varimax rotation. The factorial solution reported three factors that explain a 54% variance. The second subsample (n = 270) was used for confirmatory factor analysis to substantiate a three-factor scale. Here, one statement was deleted for low regression weight. It reduced GRAT-16 to GRAT-15 for Indian respondents with appreciable goodness of fit indices. The second study examined the reliability and validity of the Indian GRAT-15. Study 2 was based on a sample of 519 students, with a mean age of 21.65 years. This sample had 288 (53.56%) male participants and 241 (53.56%) female respondents. Also, 63.2%, 26.37%, and 10.31% of the participants belonged to commerce, science, and humanities streams. This second study concluded good internal consistency reliability with acceptable values of Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability. The appropriate values of Average Variance Explained (AVE) confirmed convergent and discriminant validity of Indian GRAT-15. The criterion validity of the Indian GRAT-15 was also assessed. A significant positive correlation with the Satisfaction with Life Scale and a negative association with Kessler Psychological Distress Scale concluded that GRAT-15 might be a valuable tool to measure gratitude for the Indian respondents.
The purpose of this study was to provide a reliable and valid instrument in Hindi for measuring gratitude in the Indian context. Psychometric properties of the translated Gratitude Questionnaire ...(GQ-6) were analyzed in two studies. In the first study, 448 adults (M.sub.age = 36.47) completed the Hindi version of GQ-6 with demographic questions. Participants were split into two groups for conducting exploratory (EEA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA), respectively. The EFA indicated a one-factor solution (alpha = .74) with five items. The CFA showed the five-item version (GQ-5) fit the data better than the original instrument (GQ-6). Measurement invariance was investigated across gender using the whole dataset. Configural and scalar invariance were supported. In the second study, participants were 211 adults who completed the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE), Gratitude Adjective Checklist (GAC), Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS), Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ) along with previous instruments. The CFA replicated a one-factor structure with five-items. The instrument showed adequate evidence of convergent validity with GAC, discriminant validity with life satisfaction and joy, and nomological validity. In conclusion, the Hindi GQ-5 is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing gratitude in Hindi speaking population in India.
The perceived invalidation of emotion scale Brandão, Tânia; Brites, Rute; Hipólito, João ...
Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.),
11/2022, Volume:
41, Issue:
11
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Emotion invalidation is thought to play an important role on individuals' psychological functioning. However, available studies have been assessing emotion invalidation with instruments that focus on ...past invalidation or on invalidation in general (i.e., not focused on emotion issues). Recently, the Perceived Invalidation of Emotion Scale (PIES) was developed to address this gap. This study aims to examine the psychometric properties of the PIES in a Portuguese sample. The PIES was administered to 234 adults from the community (mean age = 37.10 years; SD = 12.86). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and item response theory (IRT) analysis were used to examine the psychometric properties of the PIES. The CFA confirmed the unifactorial structure of the 10-item scale. IRT showed that all items were moderately to highly discriminant, except item 2. Support was found for internal consistency as well as for convergent construct. Specifically, the PIES was positively associated with attachment anxiety and avoidance, and emotion suppression, but negatively associated with emotion communication. It was also positively associated with depression, anxiety and stress. The PIES can be considered a good scale to assess emotion invalidation in the Portuguese sample.
To date, several medication adherence instruments have been developed and validated worldwide. However, most instruments have only assessed medication adherence from the patient's perspective. The ...aim was to develop and validate the PATIENT-Medication Adherence Instrument (P-MAI) and the HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONAL-Medication Adherence Instrument (H-MAI) to assess medication adherence from the patient's and healthcare professional (HCP)'s perspectives. The P-MAI-12 and H-MAI-12 were developed using the nominal group technique. The face and content validity was determined by an expert panel and piloted. The initial version of these instruments consisted of 12 items were validated from October-December 2018 at a primary care clinic in Malaysia. Included were patients aged greater than or equal to21 years, diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, taking at least one oral hypoglycaemic agent and who could understand English. The HCPs recruited were family medicine specialists or trainees. To assess validity, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and concurrent validity were performed; internal consistency and test-retest were performed to assess its reliability. A total of 120/158 patients (response rate = 75.9%) and 30/33 HCPs (response rate = 90.9%) agreed to participate. EFA found three problematic items in both instruments, which was then removed. The final version of the P-MAI-9 and the HMAI-9 had 9 items each with two domains (adherence = 2 items and knowledge/belief = 7 items). For concurrent validity, the total score of the P-MAI-9 and the H-MAI-9 were not significantly different (p = 0.091), indicating that medication adherence assessed from both the patient's and HCP's perspectives were similar. Both instruments achieved acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha: P-MAI-9 = 0.722; H-MAI-9 = 0.895). For the P-MAI-9, 7/9 items showed no significant difference between test and retest whereas 8/9 items in the H-MAI-9 showed significant difference at test and retest (p>0.05). In conclusion, the P-MAI-9 and H-MAI-9 had low sensitivity and high specificity suggesting that both instruments can be used for identifying patients more likely to be non-adherent to their medications.
Objective To investigate the predictive validity of tools commonly used to assess the risk of violence, sexual, and criminal behaviour.Design Systematic review and tabular meta-analysis of ...replication studies following PRISMA guidelines.Data sources PsycINFO, Embase, Medline, and United States Criminal Justice Reference Service Abstracts.Review methods We included replication studies from 1 January 1995 to 1 January 2011 if they provided contingency data for the offending outcome that the tools were designed to predict. We calculated the diagnostic odds ratio, sensitivity, specificity, area under the curve, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, the number needed to detain to prevent one offence, as well as a novel performance indicator—the number safely discharged. We investigated potential sources of heterogeneity using metaregression and subgroup analyses.Results Risk assessments were conducted on 73 samples comprising 24 847 participants from 13 countries, of whom 5879 (23.7%) offended over an average of 49.6 months. When used to predict violent offending, risk assessment tools produced low to moderate positive predictive values (median 41%, interquartile range 27-60%) and higher negative predictive values (91%, 81-95%), and a corresponding median number needed to detain of 2 (2-4) and number safely discharged of 10 (4-18). Instruments designed to predict violent offending performed better than those aimed at predicting sexual or general crime.Conclusions Although risk assessment tools are widely used in clinical and criminal justice settings, their predictive accuracy varies depending on how they are used. They seem to identify low risk individuals with high levels of accuracy, but their use as sole determinants of detention, sentencing, and release is not supported by the current evidence. Further research is needed to examine their contribution to treatment and management.
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