Background
Mood‐state biases in maternal reports of emotional and behavioral problems in their children have been a major concern for the field. However, few studies have addressed this issue from a ...measurement invariance perspective.
Methods
Using data from baseline assessment of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study (n = 8,507 mother–child dyads; youth aged 9–11 years), we examined how dimensions of maternal psychopathology, including internalizing problems, were associated with indices of bias in reports of their children’s dimensions of internalizing, externalizing, neurodevelopmental, detachment, somatoform psychopathology using moderated non‐linear factor analysis. Moderated non‐linear factor analyses examined multiple potential biases in maternal reports of youth psychopathology.
Results
Across analyses, we found very small magnitudes of associations between dimensions of maternal psychopathology and biases in reports of child emotional and behavioral problems.
Conclusions
Based on these results, we find little psychometric evidence for maternal psychopathology biasing reports of child behavior problems.
Science fiction notions of altering problematic memories are starting to become reality as techniques emerge through which unique memories can be edited. Here we review memory-editing research with a ...focus on improving the treatment of psychopathology. Studies highlight two windows of memory vulnerability: initial storage, or consolidation; and re-storage after retrieval, or reconsolidation. Techniques have been identified that can modify memories at each stage, but translating these methods from animal models to humans has been challenging and implementation into clinical therapies has produced inconsistent benefits. The science of memory editing is more complicated and nuanced than fiction, but its rapid development holds promise for future applications.
Introduction
One of the subtypes of schizophrenia is the deficit syndrome (DS). Because of different risk factors, course, response to treatment weak prognosis, researches on this group of patients ...are important. Etiology of schizophrenia is often hypothesized as the inflammation process. Due to the imbalance of certain cytokines (interleukin-10 (IL-10) -antyinflamation cytokine, among others) changes in the function and structure of central nervous system may occur. That process could stand behind the outbreak of psychotic and deficit symptoms of the illness. Subinflammation can have an impact on the white matter structure. Disturbances in this area can cause impairment of cortical communication and hence, produce psychopathology. One of the structures that seem to have the basis of the deficit syndrome isinferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF). ILF is a bundle of association fibers with interconnects temporal cortex with ocapital cortex.
Objectives
The aim of our study was to investigate a relationship between the integrity of ILF and interleukin – 10.
Methods
39 schizophrenia subjects divided into two groups DS (16) and non-deficyt sydrome (NDS) (23) and 18 healthy controls (HC) participated in the study. A DTI analysis was performed on all study participants. The psychopathology of schizofrenia was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). The ILF analysis was then conducted using fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) parameters. Blood samples were obtained to analyze serum level of IL-10 level.
Results
The differences in FA value in left ILF between DS and HC group were confirmed. The difference in values of IL-10 between groups were not confirmed. A negative correlation was found between FA values in left ILF and IL-10 (p = 0.033) among DS group.
Conclusions
The imparment of the structure of ILF may be involved in ethiopatogenesis of DS. Moreover, changes in IL-10 levels may be related to the microstructure of ILF bundle.
Disclosure of Interest
None Declared
Introduction
To present a clinical case that reflects the causal relationship between the administration of high-dose corticosteroids and the appearance of maniform-type psychopathology.
Objectives
...Descriptive study of a case report and literature review on the subject.
Methods
32-year-old woman with alcohol abuse detected, added Antabus 250 mg / day to her treatment.
Results
After 2 months of treatment, she was admitted to the Digestive Service due to acute hepatitis. After a liver biopsy and autoimmunity study was diagnosed as Autoimmune Hepatitis. Treatment with Antabus was withdrawn, and Prednisone 60 mg/day was prescribed. Seven days after starting treatment with corticosteroids, she presented maniform symptoms (psychomotor restlessness, expansive mood, dysphoria, megalomanic delusions, alteration of biological rhythms with decreased need for sleep and risk behaviors), and she was admitted in a psychiatric hospitalization unit. After considering various differential diagnoses she is diagnosed with Substance-Induced (corticosteroids) Mood Disorder with manic features. Psychiatry agrees with the Digestive Service to start treatment with Paliperidone and progressively lower the dose of corticosteroids until suspending it and prescribe an immunosuppressant. Finally, the maniform symptoms that led to admission remitted completely and control and outpatient treatment were continued.
Conclusions
Its important to always keep in mind the great risk of the appearance of psychiatric disorders that treatment with high doses of corticosteroids entails, especially in susceptible patients or with a psychiatric history or genetic susceptibility. It is necessary to know the possible appearance of these neuropsychiatric adverse effects in order to prevent them, and if it appear, to assess, if possible, the suspension or reduction of corticosteroid treatment.
Disclosure of Interest
None Declared
How and why do internalizing and externalizing problems, psychopathological problems from different diagnostic classes representing separate forms of psychopathology, co-occur in children? We ...investigated the development of pure and co-occurring internalizing and externalizing problems from ages 2 to 12 with the use of latent class growth analysis. Furthermore, we examined how early childhood factors (temperament, cognitive functioning, maternal depression, and home environment) and early adolescent social and behavioral adjustment variables were related to differential trajectories of pure and co-occurring internalizing and externalizing problems. The sample (National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care) consisted of 1,232 children (52% male). Mother reports on the Child Behavior Checklist (
Achenbach, 1991
,
1992
) were used to construct the trajectories of externalizing and internalizing problems. Analyses identified groups of children exhibiting pure and co-occurring internalizing and externalizing problems. Children exhibiting continuous externalizing or continuous co-occurring internalizing and externalizing problems across the 10-year period under investigation were more likely to (a) engage in risky behaviors, (b) be associated with deviant peers, (c) be rejected by peers, and (d) be asocial with peers at early adolescence. However, children exhibiting pure internalizing problems over time were only at higher risk for being asocial with peers as early adolescents. Moreover, the additive effects of individual and environmental early childhood risk factors influenced the development of chronic externalizing problems, although pure internalizing problems were uniquely influenced by maternal depression. Results also provided evidence for the concepts of equifinality and multifinality.
The Vulnerable Dark Triad (secondary psychopathy, vulnerable narcissism, and borderline personality) was proposed in 2010 as a counterpart of the Dark Triad and combines socially undesirable ...behaviors with emotionally vulnerable traits. Despite being proposed more than a decade ago, no study (to our knowledge) has sought to map the existing evidence. Thus, we performed a scoping review with a meta-analysis of materials published about the Vulnerable Dark Triad. We searched materials in the following databases: PsychARTICLES, PsycINFO, PubMed, and ScienceDirect, using Google Scholar as a complement. We found a total of 200 materials, of which 27 were included in our qualitative and meta-analysis procedure. Our results indicate that all Vulnerable Dark Triad traits are intercorrelated (secondary psychopathy-vulnerable narcissism r¯ = 0.44; secondary psychopathy-borderline personality r¯ = 0.49; vulnerable narcissism-borderline personality r¯ = 0.56). Furthermore, emotional instability is the vulnerable triad core. All traits are positively associated with impulsive behaviors, difficulties in emotional regulation, and higher rejection sensitivity.
•Emotional instability is the core of the Vulnerable Dark Triad.•Difficulties in emotional regulation and impulsive behaviors are highly associated with the Vulnerable Dark Triad.•All studies were published with WEIRD (i.e., Western, Educated, Industrial, Rich, and Democracies) populations.
The joint development of trajectories of bullying perpetration and peer victimization from Grade 5 to Grade 8 and concurrent and predictive associations with parent- and child-reported symptoms of ...psychopathology (anxiety, depression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and somatization) were examined in a large sample (N = 695) of Canadian children. Dual trajectory modeling revealed four distinct subgroups of children: (a) those low in both bullying perpetration and peer victimization (low/limited involvement); (b) those with moderately increasing levels of involvement in bullying perpetration and low levels of victimization (bullies); (c) those with low levels of bullying perpetration and moderate/decreasing levels of peer victimization (initial/declining victims); and (d) a victim-to-bully group characterized by increasing bullying perpetration and moderate decreasing victimization. Conditional probability results suggest that a pathway from peer victimization to involvement in bullying is more likely than a pathway from bullying perpetration to peer victimization. Children classified in the victim-to-bully and initial/declining victim groups showed more pervasive elevations in parent- and child-reported symptoms of psychopathology across elementary and middle school and in Grade 9 than individuals with limited involvement in bullying or peer victimization. Most associations with Grade 9 parent- and child-reported symptoms of psychopathology remained even after controlling for initial symptoms of psychopathology. Results are discussed in the context of extant taxonomies of involvement in bullying, the temporal relationship between bullying and victimization, and the increased mental health risk associated with both pure victims and bully-victims.
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