The bamboo shoot of Pleioblastus amarus (Keng) Keng f. is a medicinal and edible resource in China. In this study, three separation techniques were applied to identify the primary and secondary ...metabolites component of P. amarus bamboo shoots, including sheathless capillary electrophoresis electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry (CESI–MS), reverse‐phase liquid chromatography–MS (RPLC–MS), and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography–MS (HILIC–MS). A total of 201 metabolites were identified by the three methods. Among those metabolites, 146 were identified by RPLC–MS, 85 were identified by HILIC–MS, and 46 were identified by sheathless CESI–MS. These methods were complementary and had a linear coefficient. CESI–MS presented advantages in the identification of isomers, high sensitivity, very low sample usage, and good detection of polar and nonpolar metabolites, showing its unique applications in food analysis and prospects in metabolic research.
What drives the dividend policy at the firm level? Literature has been mainly focused on taxes, type of shareholders and market effects. In this paper, we perform a novel approach to dividend policy ...literature. First, controlling for tax, market and shareholders effects, the paper intends to analyse which firm variables are more relevant on the decision to pay dividends, on the decision to pay regular dividends and on the decision of the amount of dividends. The paper uses non-financial firms listed on Euronext stock exchanges from 2000 to 2017, and we combined a quantitative econometric perspective with a qualitative, using fsQCA. We found that variables such as operating margins, analyst’s coverage and shares in free float have substantial impacts on the dividend policy of firms. Moreover, firm’s size is the major determinant of the dynamics of the dividend policy.
Stakeholder Perspectives on MAPS Sanchez, Amanda L; Hoskins, Katelin; Pettit, Amy R ...
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999),
07/2022, Volume:
90, Issue:
S1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Managed problem solving (MAPS) is an evidence-based intervention that can boost HIV medication adherence and increase viral suppression, but it is not widely used in community clinics. Deploying ...community health workers to deliver MAPS could facilitate broader implementation, in support of the Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE) initiative's goal of reducing new HIV infections in the US by 90% by 2030.
Ryan White-funded clinics in Philadelphia, 1 of 48 US counties prioritized in the EHE.
Semistructured stakeholder interviews were conducted with 13 clinics and 4 stakeholder groups: prescribing clinicians, nonprescribing clinical team members (eg, medical case managers), clinic administrators, and policymakers. Interviews were based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research and investigated perceived barriers to and facilitators of MAPS delivery by community health workers. Rapid qualitative analytic techniques were used to synthesize interview data and identify key categories along an implementation pathway. Core determinants (ie, barriers and facilitators) of MAPS implementation were grouped within each category.
Stakeholders were receptive to CHW-delivered MAPS and offered critical information on potential implementation determinants including preferences for identification and referral of patients, and the importance of integration and communication within the care team.
This study elucidates insights regarding barriers and facilitators to delivering an evidence-based behavioral intervention in clinics serving people with HIV (PWH) and extends a rapid qualitative approach to HIV care that rigorously incorporates stakeholder data into the development of implementation strategies. It also offers insights for national implementation efforts associated with EHE.
Iterative categorisation (IC) is a systematic and transparent technique for analysing qualitative textual data, first presented in Addiction in 2016. IC breaks the analytical process down into ...stages, separating basic ‘description’ from more advanced ‘interpretation’. This paper focuses on the interpretive analytical stage that is shown to comprise three core processes: (i) conceptualising (undertaken inductively, deductively or abductively); (ii) differentiating; and (iii) externalising. Each process is described, followed by published examples to support what has been explained. As qualitative analyses tend to be recursive rather than linear, the three processes often need to be repeated to account for all the data. Following the stages of IC will ensure that qualitative research generates improved understanding of the phenomena being studied, study findings contribute to and enhance the existing literature, the audience for any qualitative output is broad and international, and any practical implications or study recommendations are relevant to other contexts and settings.
To analyze Taiwanese ecotourism with international standards, this research employed the social learning theory (SLT) to identify the determinants of Taiwanese community ecotourism with the ...international standards. This basic theory of social psychology comprehensively assays the interplays and interconnections among the three analytical perspectives (ecotourism tours, destinations, and accommodations), the four essential issues (management, social, cultural, and environment) of the Global Sustainable Tourism Council, the six assessed dimensions of ecotourism resolution from the WCC, and the twenty-nine assessed indexes of the KES ecotourism evaluations. It was then possible to comprehensively explore the sustainable determinants of Taiwanese ecotourism with the international standards through the FA of quantitative and qualitative analyses in combination with the highest research validity, reliability, representativeness, and accuracy. After analyzing the evaluated measurements, the empirical and valuable conclusions and findings are (1) these analytical perspectives, appraised attitudes, evaluated criteria, and sub-criteria positively advance Taiwanese ecotourism with the international standards (PITEEICIS); (2) the sustainable determinants of Taiwanese ecotourism with the international standards include the Support for Capacity Building of the Local Community (SCBLC), Cooperation with the Local Community (CLC), Supports for the Local Enterprises (SLE), Local Participation and Benefits Sharing Duties (LPBSD), Tourist Management (TM), and Responsible Tourist Behaviors Inducement (RTBI). Importantly, the majority of ecotourism industrialists and experts still focus on the economic benefits, such as supporting the local community and enterprises, rather than tourist behavior inducement to stimulate ecotourism participation in order to promote and advance the Taiwanese ecotourism to the international standards; (3) in order to promote Taiwanese ecotourism to the international conventions, the Taiwanese government and organizations in ecotourism should contribute toward the local welfare and create and design various training programs and courses to enhance local community's awareness and capability of ecotourism development in order to establish a complete system that stimulates the ongoing planning and decision making of local community participation and regularly monitors, records, and reflects their opinions, based on the area's history, culture, and natural attributes, to develop and sell sustainable local products by creating fair trade principles and valuable products.
Background:
Spirituality is a multidimensional construct which includes religious, existentialistic, and relational issues and has different layers such as faith as the core, related attitudes and ...conviction, and subsequent behaviors and practices. The perceptive aspects of spirituality such as wondering awe are of relevance for both, religious and non-religious persons. These perceptions were related to perceiving the Sacred in life, mindful awareness of nature, others and self, to compassion, meaning in life, and emotional wellbeing. As awe perceptions are foremost a matter of state, it was the aim (1) to empirically analyze the frequency of wondering awe perceptions (i.e., with respect to gender, age cohorts, religious or non-religious persons) and (2) to qualitatively analyze a range of triggers of awe perceptions.
Methods:
Data from 7,928 participants were analyzed with respect to the frequency of Awe/Gratitude perceptions (GrAw-7 scale), while for the second part of the study responses of a heterogeneous group of 82 persons what caused them to perceive moments of wondering awe were analyzed with qualitative content analysis techniques.
Results:
Persons who experience Awe/Gratitude to a low extend were the youngest and had lowest wellbeing and lowest meditation/praying engagement, while those with high GrAw-7 scores were the oldest, had the highest wellbeing, and were more often meditating or praying (
p
<0.001). Gender had a significant effect on these perceptions, too (Cohen’s
d
=0.32). In the qualitative part, the triggers can be attributed to four main categories,
Nature
,
Persons
,
Unique Moments
, and
Aesthetics
,
Beauty
, and
Devotion
. Some of these triggers and related perceptions might be more a matter of admiration than wondering awe, while other perceptions could have more profound effects and may thus result in changes of a person’s attitudes and behaviors.
Conclusion:
Emotionally touching experiences of wondering awe may result in feelings of interconnectedness, prosocial behavior, mindful awareness, and contribute to a person’s meaning in life and wellbeing and can also be a health-relevant resource. These perceptions can be seen as a perceptive aspect of spirituality, which is not exclusively experienced by religious people but also by non-religious persons.
Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS) has recently been widely used in qualitative analyses of traditional Chinese ...medicine (TCM) prescriptions. However, a poor understanding of detected mass spectral data has rendered data processing difficult and time-consuming. Efficient and widespread data analysis methods focused on identifying both phytochemical compounds and metabolites of TCM prescriptions have rarely been described. In this study, a new MS network analysis pattern that uses model drug Lishukang (LSK) capsules to accelerate the data processing of TCM preparations is developed. The MS network analysis pattern integrates intrinsic structural correlations of phytochemical compounds and structural information derived from mass spectrometry to identify the same types of compounds from a raw data stream. As a result, five MS networks of flavones and flavone glycosides, alkaloids, phenolic acids, saponins and benzylester glucosides in LSK are preliminarily established. 278 compounds, including 9 potential novel compounds are identified or tentatively assigned based on MS networks. Furthermore, 57 potential metabolites of LSK are identified in rat plasma, and potential metabolic pathways are investigated under the guidance of MS networks in vitro. The MS network analysis pattern serves as an integral solution for identifying phytochemical compounds and metabolites of TCM prescriptions. The investigations of LSK also provide essential data for its further study.
A rapid MS network analysis pattern based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry system is used for a qualitative analysis of Lishukang capsule. Display omitted
•A new MS network analysis pattern was developed by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS.•278 phytochemical compounds and 57 metabolites of LSK were identified.•MS networks of different types of natural products were built preliminarily.•An integral solution for qualitative analyses of TCM prescriptions was reported.
While surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has experienced substantial advancements since its discovery in the 1970s, it is an opportunity to celebrate achievements, consider ongoing endeavors, ...and anticipate the future trajectory of SERS. In this perspective, we encapsulate the latest breakthroughs in comprehending the electromagnetic enhancement mechanisms of SERS, and revisit CT mechanisms of semiconductors. We then summarize the strategies to improve sensitivity, selectivity, and reliability. After addressing experimental advancements, we comprehensively survey the progress on spectrum–structure correlation of SERS showcasing their important role in promoting SERS development. Finally, we anticipate forthcoming directions and opportunities, especially in deepening our insights into chemical or biological processes and establishing a clear spectrum–structure correlation.
Parents play an important role in the psychosocial care of their children. Previous research has primarily examined their role in care entry, whereas evidence on their role in other stages of the ...care process is scarce and lacking particularly in regard to the perspective of care providers. Our aim was therefore to examine how psychosocial care providers perceive the role of parents in the process of psychosocial care for adolescents.
We used data from 25 semi-structured interviews with psychosocial care providers on the roles of parents in the care process. We analyzed data using consensual qualitative research and thematic analysis.
Four main themes were identified: (1) parents as a source of adolescents' problems; (2) parents trying to escape from responsibility for adolescents with problems; (3) parents as an active part of the care for adolescents; and (4) parents as a barrier to effective care.
Psychosocial care providers should specifically address the role of the parents in psychosocial care to improve outcomes. Specific interventions are needed to support the involvement of parents in care, as their role is important. Moreover, professionals can be better trained in working with multi-problem families also to resolve some of the negative perceptions of these parents.
PDF
