A seismograph was designed based on Raspberry Pi. Although comprising 8 channels, the seismograph can be expanded to 16, 24, or 32 channels by using a USB interfacing with a microcontroller. In ...addition, by clustering more than one Raspberry Pi, the number of possible channels can be extended beyond 32. In this study, we also explored the computational intelligence of Raspberry Pi for running real-time systems and multithreaded algorithms to process raw seismic data. Also integrated into the seismograph is a Huawei MH5000-31 5G module, which provided high-speed internet real-time operations. Other hardware peripherals included a 24 bit ADS1251 analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and a STM32F407 microcontroller. Real-time data were acquired in the field for ambient noise tomography. An analysis tool called spatial autocorrelation (SPAC) was used to analyze the data, followed by inversion, which revealed the subsurface velocity of the site location. The proposed seismograph is prospective for small, medium, or commercial data acquisition. In accordance with the processing power and stability of Raspberry Pi, which were confirmed in this study, the proposed seismograph is also recommended as a template for developing high-performance computing applications, such as artificial intelligence (AI) in seismology and other related disciplines.
Smart grid (SG) containing clean distributed generation (DG) has gained intensive research for reliable digital protection against fault conditions. The main objective of this study is to develop and ...validate a fast and efficient fault detection and classification algorithm taking into account the dynamic behaviour of DG units. The proposed algorithm does not require additional measurements as it based only on the synchronised measured three-phase currents through the communication facilities available in SG. The advanced communication technologies in SG are currently utilised for efficient and real-time data transfer from the protective relays to the monitoring and protection centre. The transferred data are processed for fault diagnosing before taking the necessary trip actions. In the proposed algorithm, the statistical cross-alienation coefficients are calculated for the measured current signals at sending and receiving ends of each feeder. Fault detection and classification process will be achieved taking into account the changes in the synchronised and discretised waveform of current signals within a movable window of (1/4 cycle). The proposed algorithm is tested on real system to detect and classify the different fault condition. The results indicated that the proposed technique is fast and reliable for SG digital protection schemes.
•The plasma control system of QUEST is decentralized by a reflective memory.•The latency due to RFM transaction is 250μs with the data sharing of 1kB.•The time synchronization of systems is done by ...referring to its time difference.•Core occupancy due to RFM is usually 60%, and 90% intermittently.
The plasma control system (PCS) of QUEST was a centralized system, which lost its scalability because of the overload imposed on its central processing unit (CPU) of the PCS, making it impossible to add new functions. Thus, the PCS is distributed into a main workstation (WS) and subsystem (SS) with a reflective memory (RFM) in order to share data between these systems so as to mitigate the load on each system. As a result, 128 double-precision floating-point numbers (DBLs) can be transferred from the SS to the WS with a maximum latency of 250μs. The WS and the SS each have quad-core CPUs, and tasks are executed in parallel. Although one of the four cores is intermittently occupied by up to 90% by this transaction, the occupation is normally 60%. A time correction procedure is used to map the recorded data sets on the WS and the SS to a common time base by referring to the time difference between two systems.
Considering the increasing use of information technology with established standards, such as TCP/IP and XML in modem industrial automation, we present a high cost performance solution with FPGA ...（field programmable gate array） implementation of a novel reliable real-time data transfer system based on EPA （Ethemet for plant automation） protocol and IEEE 1588 standard. This combination can provide more predictable and real-time communication between automation equipments and precise synchronization between devices. The designed EPA system has been verified on Xilinx Spartan3 XC3S1500 and it consumed 75% of the total slices. The experimental results show that the novel industrial control system achieves high synchronization precision and provides a 1.59-ps standard deviation between the master device and the slave ones. Such a real-time data transfer system is an excellent candidate for automation equipments which require precise synchronization based on Ethemet at a comparatively low price.
The importance of real-time wireless data transfer is rapidly increasing for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. For example, smart glasses worn by a doctor need to transmit real-time data to a ...hospital information system, which performs face detection and recognition, for real-time interaction with recognized patients within a certain deadline, which is ideally a few hundred milliseconds. Other emerging IoT applications, e.g., structural health monitoring, clinical monitoring, and industrial process automation, also require real-time wireless data transfer. Those applications have critical demands for real-time and energy-efficient communication through wireless medium. However, it is very challenging to support stringent timing constraints energy-efficiently through wireless medium due to its inherent unreliability and timing-unpredictability. Fortunately, heterogeneous radios are becoming increasingly available in modern embedded devices, offering new opportunities to use multiple wireless technologies to accommodate the needs of real-time applications. In this paper, we first formulate the runtime radio selection and data partitioning for real-time IoT applications as an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) problem and then present (1) an optimal algorithm that makes quick and optimal decisions when selecting between two radios and (2) a heuristic algorithm for the platforms with more radios. Experimental results show that our heuristic algorithm provides optimal selections to 94.4% of the cases and makes the decisions 336~1412 times faster than an ILP problem solver.
The main objective of the EU LIFE+ project INTEGREEN is to introduce a demonstrative system for the municipal mobility management centre of the city of Bolzano. The municipality aims at providing the ...local public authorities with distributed correlated traffic and environmental information for the adoption of eco-friendly real-time traffic management policies. To achieve this goal a new mobile probe with both traffic and environmental monitoring units has been developed. Especially for environmental monitoring no fast and economic measurement devices can be found on the market. Therefore a new platform suitable for automotive use had to be developed. The calibration has been performed by a comparison of the INTEGREEN data with accurate but slower fixed stations. A field measurement campaigns were carried out and the results were presented on different charts and evaluated.
PushNotify: Push server application Danish, M.; Parwekar, P.
2013 3rd IEEE International Advance Computing Conference (IACC),
2013-Feb.
Conference Proceeding
Push technology has evolved to a great extent since its inception and there have been many additions of new features to the available solutions, in terms of reliability, performance and new ...standards. In this paper, we propose an application to push data in real time which enables bidirectional flow of data and which is independent of any particular publisher/subscriber. The aim of this work is to develop a push server application for students/faculty for accessing study material, to keep track of last minute notices, and other important announcements, in real time from a central file/data server of the university. Usually, the file systems are heavily guarded by firewalls and accessing them from a remote location poses problems, our application solves this problem and allows secure access while maintaining the integrity with university policies. Server application is called PushNotify which is based on publish/subscribe model and is independent, which enables it to be easily integrated with any file server of any university and with any communication client, to achieve the paradigm, "any publisher, any subscriber". Communication client for subscribers to receive notifications or alerts can be web browser extension or mobile device application.
Delivering the data in real time is important for the sensors deployed for monitoring and control applications of critical systems. If wireless sensors are used in such systems, interference from ...other wireless devices operating in the same premises is a major problem that can cause transmission errors and data delivery failures. Design and implementation of Interference mitigation schemes that offer preference to data transfers of high-priority devices when compared with the data of low-priority devices are presented here. These schemes can support real-time data transfers of wireless sensors that can be deployed in environments like factory automation.
When speaking about high speed transfer, generally one thinks of 1-10 Gbps throughput. At the same time in case of a low performance device, 10-20 Mibps is also considered as high speed. The present ...case discusses the MOD5270 Ethernet module by Netburner Inc. for the 147,5 MHz processor of which it was a challenge to achieve this speed. The plan was to achieve 48 Mibps, however, according to the manufacturer this device is capable of reaching only about half of this speed. This fact was proven over TCP, so only the UDP was able to fulfill the given requirements. In that case the task was to recover the lost packets, therefore our own protocol was developed.
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