The COVID-19 pandemic has had a rapid and significant impact on mobility. One of the most important responses of countries worldwide to slow the spread of the pandemic is to restrict the movement of ...people, which has had a considerable effect on transport systems. However, the reduction of transport is not identical for all modes of transport: public transport has seen the greatest decline so far. Understanding urban modal share developments during a pandemic situation can help cities better prepare for transport management in the future.
•COVID-19 measures decreased mobility by half in Budapest, Hungary.•Modal share of public transport decreased dramatically due to COVID-19 measures.•Car usage increased to 65% from 43% in the modal share.•Bicycle usage saw the greatest growth rate by more than doubling its share in the modal share.•Bike sharing became more popular due to rapid measure, other mobility sharing systems saw lower than average decrease.
Rapid growth of road vehicles, private vehicles in particular, has resulted in continuing growth in China's oil demand and imports, which has been widely accepted as a major factor effecting future ...oil availability and prices, and a major contributor to China's GHG emission increase. This paper is intended to analyze the future trends of energy demand and GHG emissions in China's road transport sector and to assess the effectiveness of possible reduction measures. A detailed model has been developed to derive a reliable historical trend of energy demand and GHG emissions in China's road transport sector between 2000 and 2005 and to project future trends. Two scenarios have been designed to describe the future strategies relating to the development of China's road transport sector. The ‘Business as Usual’ scenario is used as a baseline reference scenario, in which the government is assumed to do nothing to influence the long-term trends of road transport energy demand. The ‘Best Case’ scenario is considered to be the most optimized case where a series of available reduction measures such as private vehicle control, fuel economy regulation, promoting diesel and gas vehicles, fuel tax and biofuel promotion, are assumed to be implemented. Energy demand and GHG emissions in China's road transport sector up to 2030 are estimated in these two scenarios. The total reduction potentials in the ‘Best Case’ scenario and the relative reduction potentials of each measure have been estimated.
China's road transport sector is pursuing an early carbon peak and ensuing significant carbon reductions. By combining a comprehensive bottom-up model with Monte Carlo simulation, this study ...evaluates the achievement probabilities of carbon peak goals of China's road transport. The results indicate that without policy intervention, realizing carbon peaking before 2028 is likely to occur, whereas achieving a 20% of carbon reduction by 2035 is difficult, with a probability of approximately 15%. Delivering current policy targets is of no effect on bringing forward carbon peak time or expanding emission reductions, mainly due to the insufficiency of electrification rate targets. This study suggests increasing the electrification rate targets and employing real-world fuel efficiency values as the base for measuring policy compliance. Further actions are recommended, such as proposing a sales ban on high fuel consumption vehicles, imposing carbon taxes, and strengthening emphasis on the truck sector.
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Changing Trends in Personal Vehicle Use Smirnov, Anton; Smolokurov, Evgeniy; Mazhazhikhov, Alim ...
Transportation research procedia,
2023, Volume:
68
Journal Article
Open access
Even 50 years ago a personal car was an item of luxury and status, but in the future the situation began to change. At this time, the car is a necessary and quite affordable means of transportation ...for many people. Statistical observation in the last decade has shown that the number of cars in Russia has doubled - this has given rise to a lot of problems of a different nature, had a negative impact on the environment. However, with regard to personal vehicles, in recent years there has been a trend towards the refusal of an increasing number of people to purchase and use a personal car. This article examines the reasons that encourage people to abandon the use of personal vehicles, and also analyzes data on the problems associated with cars in an urban environment. The ways of solving these problems in favor of the development and improvement of public transport and alternative ways of using transport in the urban environment are given.
Road transport is one of the main sources of atmospheric pollution in urbanized areas. The volume of emissions from road transport has been increasing starting from 2013. This is mainly due to the ...condition of the transport infrastructure and control systems. Therefore, the development of evidence-based methods of increasing the efficiency of traffic management through the modernization of infrastructure facilities and control systems in problematic areas of the street and road network is crucial and of practical and theoretical interest. This paper analyzes problematic areas of the street and road network in a medium-sized city. The authors have made simulation models of an area of the street and road network on the basis of the discrete-event approach using a road traffic library. Measures to modernize this area are suggested. A computer experiment using a model with a changed configuration has shown that this area has a significant potential of improving traffic flow parameters and, therefore, reducing the environmental impact.
The monograph focuses on the problems and prospects of development of the road transport complex on the basis of the integrated approach. In Ukraine, the road transport system is one of the priority ...ones. However, its priority status is reflected only in numerous regulations. In such conditions the necessity of realization of scientific achievements and practical recommendations of development of the road transport system as a whole is actualized. The integrated approach to financing, management, innovation, quality and security has been applied. In order to eliminate the regional imbalance in the development of the state, as an urgent measure, methodological principles of support for weak regions have been substantiated and developed, which envisages its implementation in the short term. It is proposed to determine the rating of the best educational institutions in the region on the basis of mathematical modeling. Relevant clusters of educational institutions of the region have been established and systematized, taking into account their sectoral significance, form of ownership, efficiency of state funding and the amount of own revenues. Methodological support for quality management of transport and logistics services has been developed, which includes a certain procedure and a set of appropriate methods for implementing this activity based on the application of the scenario approach and algorithmization of procedures for obtaining possible states of operation of modern transport and logistics sector objects. A set of functional subsystems of an enterprise by analogy with the systems of a living organism, the activity of which is interdependent, which ensures the stability of the «living organism» of the enterprise to the influence of external conditions has been formed. The process of determining and assessing the competencies of employees on the basis of the modern assessment technology «Assessment Center» has been formed. The program of development of corporate social responsibility at internal and external levels of implementation taking into account features of various groups of stakeholders is offered. The combined safety management system «behavior + transport status + infrastructure + permanent monitoring + post-accident services» is offered. The proposed theoretical, methodological and applied aspects of the development of the road transport system are of theoretical and practical interest to scientists, entrepreneurs and government agencies.
Given the importance of the environment around the world and its accelerating destruction brought on by the increase in emissions resulting from the growing use of various forms of transportation, ...this paper shall aim to eliminate this research gap via a thorough investigation of the literature. These goals include the effect of greenhouse gases emitted by the transportation industry on the environment, the impact of pollutants on transportation mode choice, a study of the obstacles to reducing pollution in transportation, and the presentation of solutions and suggestions. In the research, papers related to this topic in various transportation industries, including road, rail, marine, air, and multimodal transportation, and the variables affecting the control of greenhouse gas emissions in any mode of transportation were collected. Afterward, fundamental analysis was carried out, conclusions drawn, and the presentation of suggestions and solutions in this area addressed. Reducing greenhouse gases in transportation is a challenge that requires examining numerous influential variables and factors. The studies presented in this research are expected to be useful, especially for the energy activists, researchers, and policymakers who would like to conduct long-term studies of pollutants in the transportation industry and the variables influencing the control of greenhouse gas emissions.
As one of the possibilities of reducing exhaust emissions, the article takes into account infrastructure and electric vehicles used in road transport. Taking into account the goal to achieve a 30% ...share of vehicle electric, the number of charging stations available in the entire European Union is not sufficient. There has been a slight increase in sales of electric vans and trucks in the EU in recent years. This may be due to the lack of available infrastructure which would render it possible to power them, and also from the lack of available delivery vehicles in the market. What is interesting, the number of electric vehicles in a country is not necessarily in proportion to the number of available charging stations. It is the authors' intention as well to indicate the potential directions of the development of a low-emission cargo transport in the European Union. Upon the basis of the results, it is ascertained that there is a strong correlation between the value of a country's GDP and the number of electric vehicle charging stations. A moderate correlation is also observed in the case of a country's population, as well as in the case of the market share of registered electric delivery vehicles in a country.
The impacts of autonomous vehicles (AV) on safety, energy and atmospheric emissions have been recognised to be important issues, but an air quality impact assessment is missing. In this study, by ...using a numerical modelling approach, the impact of AV on the air quality of a medium-sized Portuguese urban area was evaluated. For that, the air pollutants nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon dioxide (CO2) were considered and three scenarios were developed: i) a baseline scenario; ii) an autonomous scenario, assuming an AV market penetration rate of 30%; and iii) an electric autonomous scenario, taking into account that those 30% of AV are pure battery electric cars. A modelling system composed by a road traffic model, a road transport emission model and a Computational Fluid Dynamics air quality model was used. The autonomous scenario promoted an increase of both NOx (+1.8%) and CO2 (+0.7%) emissions, while the electric autonomous scenario resulted in emission reductions of about 30% for both air pollutants. In terms of air quality, distinct patterns were found: i) the autonomous scenario promoted both increases and decreases of NOx concentrations; and ii) the electric autonomous scenario promoted a widespread reduction of NOx concentrations (with an average value of −4%). Overall the results showed that AV have the potential to improve urban air quality, but, further research is needed to enrich the findings of this work.
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•Autonomous vehicles technology is seen as an opportunity to deal with cities air pollution.•Two autonomous vehicles scenarios were studied using the VISSIM-VSP-VADIS modelling setup.•The autonomous scenario promoted both increases and decreases of NOx concentrations.•The hybrid scenario promoted a widespread reduction of NOx concentrations.•Positive and negative effects were observed, showing the need of knowledge-based planning of traffic management.
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