Guidelines for conducting health economic evaluations have become increasingly standardized, however they don't address the unique concerns of the paediatric population. The challenges of measuring ...costs and consequences in children, from neonate to late adolescence, are numerous and complex. With the growing acceptance of economic evidence to guide decisions in health systems facing economic constraints, it is imperative that these challenges be considered so that this population is not left out of evidence-based decisions. The time has come for a textbook to address economic evaluation in child health. This book is divided into three sections: Methods, Applications, and Using evidence for decision-making, with chapters contributed by international experts. The Methods section presents detailed discussions of measuring lifetime costs and consequences, capturing productivity losses, obtaining unbiased self- and proxy reports, incorporating externalities, choosing valid outcome measures, assessing utility, and designing studies using value of information. The Applications section reviews economic evidence in common childhood conditions and areas of investigation, including newborn screening, harm prevention, mental health services, brain injury, asthma, and immunization. The final section explores the use of economic evidence in decision-making, and includes a description of the WHO-CHOICE approach, the role of clinical research, how to value health gains by children, and the emerging field of health technology assessment. In addition to an emphasis on methods, a deliberate effort was made to include issues relevant to developing countries, where the burden of childhood disease is greatest, and for whom high quality economic evidence is critical. Available in OSO: http://www.oxschol.com/oso/public/content/publichealthepidemiology/9780199547494/toc.html Contributors to this volume - Moses Aikins, Senior Lecturer, School of Public Health, Department of Health Policy, Planning and Management, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana Philippe Beutels, Senior Lecturer, Health Economics, Centre for Health Economics Research and Modeling Infectious Diseases (CHERMID), Centre for the Evaluation of Vaccination (CEV), Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium Katherine B. Bevans, Assistant Research Professor, Division of General Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA Robert E. Black, Edgar Berman Professor and Chair, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA Werner B.F. Brouwer, Department of Health Policy & Management and Institute for Medical Technology Assessment, Erasmus University Medical Centre / Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Sarah Byford, Senior Lecturer, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London, UK Jonathan D. Campbell, Senior Post-Doctoral Fellow, Pharmaceutical Outcomes, Research and Policy Program, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, USA Vania Costa, Research Associate, Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada Gillian Currie, Assistant Professor, Faculty of Medicine, Departments of Paediatrics and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada Sarah Curtis, Assistant Professor, Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada Kim Dalziel, Senior Research Fellow, Health Economics and Policy Group, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia David B. Evans, Director, Department of Health Systems Financing, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland Christopher B. Forrest, Mary D. Ames Professor of Pediatrics and Advocacy, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA Tessa Tan-Torres Edejer, Coordinator, Costs, Effectiveness, Expediture and Priority Setting (CEP), Health System Financing, Health Systems and Services, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland E. Michael Foster, Professor, Maternal and Child Health and Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA Andreas Gerber, Institute for Health Economics and Clinical Epidemiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany Y. Ingrid Goh, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toronto, Division of Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada Scott D. Grosse, Senior Health Economist, Office of the Director, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Atlanta, USA Raymond Hutubessy, Economist, Initiative for Vaccine Research (IVR), World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland Terry Klassen, Professor and Chair, Regional Program Clinical Director Child Health, Capital Health, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada Gideon Koren, Senior Scientist and Director, The Motherisk Program, Professor of Medicine, Pediatrics and Physiology/Pharmacology, The University of Toronto, Ivey Chair in Molecular Toxicology, The University of Western Ontario, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada Stavros Petrou, Health Economist, National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford (Old Road Campus), Oxford, England Ali I. Raja, Assistant Professor, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA Leonie Segal, Professor, Health Economics, Health Economics and Policy Group, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia Donald S. Shepard, Professor, Schneider Institutes for Health Policy, Heller School, Brandeis University, Waltham, USA Jose A. Suaya, Schneider Institutes for Health Policy, Heller School, Brandeis University, Waltham, USA Sean D. Sullivan, Professor of Pharmacy, Public Health and Medicine; Director, Pharmacetical Outcomes Research and Policy Program, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, USA Lillian Sung, Scientist and Assistant Professor, Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, Division of Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada J. Mick Tilford, Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics and Health Policy Management, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Center for Applied Research and Evaluation, Little Rock, USA Wendy J. Ungar, Senior Scientist, Associate Professor, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, University of Toronto, Division of Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada N. Job A. van Exel, MSc, Health Economist, Department of Health Policy & Management and Institute for Medical Technology Assessment, Erasmus University Medical Centre / Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Damian G. Walker, Professor, Health Economics, Health Systems Program, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA Andrew R. Willan, Senior Scientist and Professor, Public Health Sciences, University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada Lara J. Wolfson, Scientist, Initiative for Vaccine Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
A Guide to School Services in Speech-Language Pathology, Fourth Edition serves as a comprehensive textbook for school-based speech-language pathology (SLP) courses and college students who are ready ...to embark on their student teaching experiences. With its summaries of cutting-edge research, evidence-based clinical approaches, workload solutions, and strategies for professionalism, the book is also a useful resource for practicing, school-based SLPs.
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, there were approximately 1.7 million home health aides and personal and home care aides in the United States as of 2008. These home care aides are rapidly ...becoming the backbone of America's system of long-term care, and their numbers continue to grow. Often referred to as frontline care providers or direct care workers, home care aides-disproportionately women of color-bathe, feed, and offer companionship to the elderly and disabled in the context of the home. InThe Caring Self, Clare L. Stacey draws on observations of and interviews with aides working in Ohio and California to explore the physical and emotional labor associated with the care of others.
Aides experience material hardships-most work for minimum wage, and the services they provide are denigrated as unskilled labor-and find themselves negotiating social norms and affective rules associated with both family and work. This has negative implications for workers who struggle to establish clear limits on their emotional labor in the intimate space of the home. Aides often find themselves giving more, staying longer, even paying out of pocket for patient medications or incidentals; in other words, they feel emotional obligations expected more often of family members than of employees. However, there are also positive outcomes: some aides form meaningful ties to elderly and disabled patients. This sense of connection allows them to establish a sense of dignity and social worth in a socially devalued job. The case of home care allows us to see the ways in which emotional labor can simultaneously have deleterious and empowering consequences for workers.
This report explores the evolving role that hospital emergency departments play in the U.S. health care system. EDs evaluate and manage complex and high-acuity patients, are the major point of entry ...to inpatient care, and serve as “the safety net of the safety net” for patients who cannot get care elsewhere. The report examines the role that EDs may come to play in either contributing to or reducing the rising costs of health care.
Better But Not Well Frank, Richard G; Glied, Sherry A
2006, 2006-09-08, 20060101
eBook
The past half-century has been marked by major changes in the treatment of mental illness: important advances in understanding mental illnesses, increases in spending on mental health care and ...support of people with mental illnesses, and the availability of new medications that are easier for the patient to tolerate. Although these changes have made things better for those who have mental illness, they are not quite enough.
In Better But Not Well, Richard G. Frank and Sherry A. Glied examine the well-being of people with mental illness in the United States over the past fifty years, addressing issues such as economics, treatment, standards of living, rights, and stigma. Marshaling a range of new empirical evidence, they first argue that people with mental illness—severe and persistent disorders as well as less serious mental health conditions—are faring better today than in the past. Improvements have come about for unheralded and unexpected reasons. Rather than being a result of more effective mental health treatments, progress has come from the growth of private health insurance and of mainstream social programs—such as Medicaid, Supplemental Security Income, housing vouchers, and food stamps—and the development of new treatments that are easier for patients to tolerate and for physicians to manage.
The authors remind us that, despite the progress that has been made, this disadvantaged group remains worse off than most others in society. The mainstreaming of persons with mental illness has left a policy void, where governmental institutions responsible for meeting the needs of mental health patients lack resources and programmatic authority. To fill this void, Frank and Glied suggest that institutional resources be applied systematically and routinely to examine and address how federal and state programs affect the well-being of people with mental illness.
Reimagining global health Farmer, Paul; Kleinman, Arthur; Kim, Jim ...
2013., 20130918, 2013, 2013-09-07, Volume:
26
eBook
Bringing together the experience, perspective and expertise of Paul Farmer, Jim Yong Kim, and Arthur Kleinman, Reimagining Global Health provides an original, compelling introduction to the field of ...global health. Drawn from a Harvard course developed by their student Matthew Basilico, this work provides an accessible and engaging framework for the study of global health. Insisting on an approach that is historically deep and geographically broad, the authors underline the importance of a transdisciplinary approach, and offer a highly readable distillation of several historical and ethnographic perspectives of contemporary global health problems. The case studies presented throughout Reimagining Global Health bring together ethnographic, theoretical, and historical perspectives into a wholly new and exciting investigation of global health. The interdisciplinary approach outlined in this text should prove useful not only in schools of public health, nursing, and medicine, but also in undergraduate and graduate classes in anthropology, sociology, political economy, and history, among others.
Die Beiträge in diesem Open-Access-Sammelband beschreiben und analysieren aus multidisziplinärer Sicht die Herausforderungen und Bewältigungsstrategien von Alterung und Pflege in japanischen und ...deutschen Gemeinden. Thematisiert werden rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen, zivilgesellschaftliches Engagement, Pflegekräftemangel, Technologiekonzepte für die Pflege und schließlich auch der Einfluss der Covid-19 Pandemie auf die Situation älterer und pflegebedürftiger Bürgerinnen und Bürger. Die Gegenüberstellung der Ansätze und Erfahrungen beider Länder erweitert das Spektrum an Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten und kann Impulse für eine Neuausrichtung bestehender Lösungsstrategien geben.
The number of disability related support services controlled and run by disabled people themselves has increased significantly in the UK and internationally over the past forty years. As a result, ...greater user involvement in service provision and delivery is a key priority for many western Governments. This book provides the first comprehensive review and analysis of these developments in the UK.
Drawing on evidence from a range of sources, including material from the first national study of user-controlled services, this book provides a critical evaluation of the development and organisation of user-controlled services in the UK and identifies the principal forces - economic, political and cultural - that influence and inhibit their further development. It summarises and discusses the policy implications for the future development of services and includes an up-to-date and comprehensive literature and research review.
"Independent futures" is essential reading for academics and students on a range of courses including: health and social care; social work; allied health professions, such as nursing, occupational therapy and speech therapy; social policy; sociology; and psychology. It will also be of interest to practitioners and policy makers who need a reliable overview of current policy and critical analysis of key issues affecting future policy and practice.
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