AbstractAnti SLAPP is a new terminology that was first recognized in the United States in 1996. Basically, Anti-SLAPP is a legal policy that provides legal protection for people who fight for the ...public interest’s purposes acknowledged in constitutional and statutory provisions. In Indonesia, the provisions which are similar to Anti-SLAPP in the environmental area (anti-eco SLAPP) is included in Article 66 of the Law on Environmental Protection and Management (LEPM) which intends to protect environmental defenders from criminal charges and lawsuits for exposing environmental rights violation. Law enforcers, especially judges, are still having difficulty in detecting cases that are indicated as SLAPP and stop the case to continue in the early stage. Article 66 of the LEPM are a symbol of legal protection, as well as a manifestation of the accommodative attitude of the LEPM towards the importance of environmental public participation including protecting individuals and groups who fight for the environmental rights against criminal charges and civil litigation. The lack of provisions on the procedures and mechanisms of the Anti-SLAPP makes it difficult to implement Article 66 of the LEPM. Consequently, law enforcers particularly court judges apply and interpret Article 66 of LEPM is not in line with the original intention of Anti SLAPP’s provision.Keywords: Anti-SLAPP; Public Participation; Environmental Law Enforcement.AbstrakAnti-SLAPP merupakan terminologi baru yang dikenal pertama kali di Amerika Serikat pada tahun 1996. Pada intinya Anti-SLAPP adalah ketentuan yang memberikan perlindungan hukum terhadap masyarakat yang memperjuangkan kepentingan publik yang diakui dalam konstitusi dan perundang-undangan. Di Indonesia, ketentuan serupa dengan Anti-SLAPP dibidang lingkungan hidup (anti-eco SLAPP) termuat dalam Pasal 66 Undang-Undang tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup (UU PPLH) yang dimaksudkan untuk melindungi para pembela lingkungan hidup dari tuntutan pidana dan gugatan perdata karena mengungkap pelanggaran hak atas lingkungan hidup. Para penegak hukum khususnya hakim masih mengalami kesulitan mendeteksi kasus yang terindikasi SLAPP dan menghentikan kasus pada tahap awal. Ketentuan Pasal 66 UU PPLH merupakan simbol perlindungan hukum, sekaligus sebagai wujud dari sikap akomodatif UU PPLH terhadap pentingnya peran serta masyarakat, termasuk melindungi individu dan kelompok masyarakat yang memperjuangkan hak atas lingkungan hidup dari tuntutan pidana dan gugatan perdata. Ketiadaan ketentuan tentang prosedur dan mekanisme Anti-SLAPP menyulitkan implementasi Pasal 66 UU PPLH. Akibatnya, para penegak hukum khususnya hakim dalam menerapkan dan menafsirkan Pasal 66 UU PPLH berbeda dengan tujuan awal ketentuan Anti SLAPP. Kata Kunci: Anti-SLAPP; Partisipasi Masyarakat; Penegakan Hukum Lingkungan Hidup.
Open and free internet-based platforms are seen as an enabler of global free expression, releasing writers from commercial and space constraints. However, many are working without the assistance of ...an in-house lawyer, or other legal resources. This may lead to undue suppression of public interest material, with important implications for freedom of expression and the democratic function of media. Two online surveys among digital and online journalists in England and Wales in 2013 indicated that the majority of encounters with defamation and privacy law take place outside the courts, with few formally recorded legal actions. This was particularly evident in a sample of 'hyperlocal' and local community publishers. In light of the results, this paper calls for a reappraisal of overly simplistic judicial and media applications of the 'chilling effect' doctrine, in order to expose its subjectivities and complexities. Additionally, attention needs to be paid to global and cross-jurisdictional media-legal environments, in order to help develop better internet policy and legal frameworks for protecting legitimate expression.
Recent litigation involving medical examiners has caused concern over certifying deaths.
We administered a survey of 716 medical examiners regarding the effects of the threat of litigation.
Two ...hundred twenty-two medical examiners responded (31%). Of those who responded, approximately 13.5% admitted to having modified their diagnostic findings due to threat of litigation, and approximately 32.5% stated these considerations would affect their decisions in the future. Physicians who indicated they had or would modify their diagnoses expressed more concern over the possibility of litigation. Chiefs of services were less likely than staff members to indicate changing diagnoses. Practitioners whose jurisdictions included rural areas were significantly more likely to indicate that litigation considerations would affect their diagnoses in the future, although this was not true with those who had already modified their diagnoses. No correlation was found with elected versus appointed positions, accreditation status, sex, race, geographic location, or board certification.
Although very few medical examiners have actually been sued because of their diagnoses, a demonstrated threat of litigation has a substantial effect on diagnostic decision making.
However, the use of lawsuits that differ from their original purpose is an issue that needs to be addressed in Europe, the U.S.,and Japan as well. This paper examines and discusses the abuse of ...lawsuits to suppress legitimate expressive activities by examiningprecedents of what are called“ slap lawsuits” in Japan, and by considering the current status of anti-SLAPP laws in theU.S. and Europe, as well as past discussions and the current situation in Europe and the U.S.
Blocking public participation Sheldrick, Byron M
Blocking public participation,
2014., 2014, 2014-03-25, 2014-02-18
eBook
"Blocking Public Participation examines the different types of litigation and causes of action that frequently form the basis of SLAPPs, (strategic litigation against public participation) and how ...these lawsuits transform political disputes into legal cases, thereby blocking political engagement. The resource imbalance between plaintiffs and defendants allows the plaintiffs to tie up defendants in complex and costly legal processes. The book also examines the dangers SLAPPs pose to political expression and to the quality and integrity of our democratic political institutions. Finally, the book examines the need to regulate SLAPPs in Canada and assesses various regulatory proposals." -- Book Jacket.
2012년 전개된 공영방송 노조의 파업에 대해 방송사업자들은 파업 참 여자들을 업무방해죄로 형사고소해 처벌을 시도했다. KBS와 MBC 파업 노조원에 대한 판결에서 재판부는 무죄를 선고했다. MBC 경영진은 파업 참여 노조원 일부를 해고하고 정직 등 중징계 조치했는데 법원은 그러한 해고조치가 무효라고 확인했다. MBC 경영진은 파업 참여 노조원들을 대 ...상으로 195여억 원의 손해배상을 청구했다. 연구자는 이러한 일련의 소 송, 그 중에서도 막대한 손해배상 청구는 전형적인 전략적 봉쇄소송의 일 환이라고 간주하고 그러한 연구 접근의 타당성을 논의했다. 이 사건의 해 고무효소송과 손해배상청구 소송을 담당한 각 재판부는 ‘공정방송’은 경 영진, 편성책임자, 제작종사자 모두에게 부여된 공동의 의무이고 이는 근 로조건의 중요한 사항이라고 판시했다. 공정방송 확보를 목표로 한 파업 의 목적은 정당하고 2012년 MBC 노조의 파업은 그 수단과 방법, 시기와 절차 등에서도 정당하다는 판결을 내렸다. 이러한 점에 비추어 볼 때 MBC 경영진이 제기한 손해배상청구 소송은 한국적 상황에서도 다소 특 이한 방송사업자의 전략적 봉쇄소송의 특성을 갖는다고 연구자는 결론을 내렸다. 파업 참여 노조원에 대한 업무방해죄 형사고소와 해고 및 중징계 조치 등도 그러한 전략적 봉쇄소송의 일환이라고 연구자는 판단했다.
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