•Analyses the spatiality of mobilisation over oil in Ecuador and Peru.•Process-based comparison of oilfields Yasuní-ITT (Ecuador) and Block 192 (Peru).•State spatial strategies to ensure extractive ...accumulation shape mobilisation.•Mobilisation is local and regarding conditions for extraction in Block 192.•Mobilisation has been national and questioned extraction itself in Ecuador.
The analysis presented in this article departs from observing the differences in the spatiality of mobilising strategies regarding the most contentious and politicised oil projects in neighbouring Ecuador and Peru: Yasuní-ITT and Block 192. In the case of Ecuador’s Yasuní-ITT, mobilisation has been national, removed from the oil project’s spatial embeddedness and directed at oil extraction in itself. In the case of Peru’s Block 192, mobilisation has been local, linked to territory and directed at the terms and conditions of extraction. The deconstruction and reassessment of context emerged through an exploratory and process-based cross-border comparison. The article analyses secondary literature, a large sample of news items regarding the two oilfields, and research interviews with key actors in Ecuador and Peru. It argues that approaches from critical state theory can be applied to explain the spatiality of mobilising strategies. Historical state spatial strategies to ensure accumulation through extractivism, mobilisation over the consequences of such strategies, and the degree to which they continue to enjoy a hegemonic position, are found to be important dimensions shaping the spatiality of mobilisation.
Acquisitions often do not reach completion when buyers' initial evaluations change during post-announcement due diligence investigations, but research offers only limited explanations for when such ...deal-cancelling new information will be most common. Drawing from the spatial geography and acquisition strategy literatures, we argue that successful completion of acquisitions can be partially explained by their spatial characteristics. We start by predicting that geographic distance has a particularly strong impact in reducing the likelihood of completing related acquisitions; we then identify contingencies based on multiple forms of direct, contextual, and vicarious experience that can help acquirers overcome the constraints of distance. We test the arguments with a sample of 1,603 domestic acquisitions announced by 724 U.S. chemical manufacturing firms between 1980 and 2004.
This research describes the intra-metropolitan distribution patterns of airport accessibility, employment density, and labor productivity using municipality-level datasets from the Tokyo metropolitan ...region. The geographic data analyses present that inner-city bayfront airport accessibility and cross-industrial employment density are high in municipalities with the designation of urban regeneration districts for economic efficiency and competitiveness, but outer-suburb airport accessibility is not. The intra-metropolitan descriptions further reveal that labor productivity tends to be high in municipalities with high accessibility to the inner-city bayfront airport and a high degree of cross-industrial firm colocation for urbanization economies. From these findings, this article concludes that the significance of spatial strategy in guiding airport-linked firm colocation and intensifying the catalytic impacts of multiple airports through ground transportation investments needs to be more cautiously assessed in Asia's emerging megacities.
•The intra-metropolitan distribution of airport accessibility is analyzed.•Inner-city bayfront airport accessibility is associated with strategic locations.•Outer-suburb airport accessibility is not associated with strategic locations.•Employment density is not associated with airport accessibility.•Labor productivity is associated with strategic locations with high airport accessibility.
This paper explores the significance of unorthodox territorial activisms through the study of Anti‐Fascist Action (AFA), a militant anti‐fascist organisation in the United Kingdom and Ireland that ...operated at its height between 1989 and 1996. In the literature on activist territorialities, little has been written on practices that confront other non‐state territorialities. Likewise, despite a small but growing geographical literature on far right populism, anti‐fascism is under‐researched. Through archival materials and interviews with former activists, I argue that geographers can understand AFA’s militant anti‐fascism as transversal, following Félix Guattari’s theorisation of the term. AFA operated beyond state‐centric modes of territoriality, creating malleable pathways between different operational logics, cross‐cutting state and non‐state forms. Thinking transversally about territory helps to disembed epistemic and ontological framings from dominant statist logics and assumptions, opening up new ways of understanding how movements operate territorially. The paper concludes with reflections for contemporary antifascisms.
This article looks at the relation between ideology and the practice of politics concerning the peculiarities of the social context. By comparing the non‐movement in the Middle East, this article ...argues that the Jamaat‐e‐Islami is establishing a war of position to operate safely in secular democratic countries by preparing the support base for future action through a latent political engagement. This article deals with the aspects of political mobilisation and political sociology and emerged out of an ethnographic study. This article argues that the appropriation of methods suitable for working within secular political systems does not imply that the Islamist ideology and politics are secularised.
Public policy interventions concerning rural landscapes have grown significantly in recent decades in many developed countries and internationally, in response to a range of imperatives. These ...include concern for declining biodiversity, heritage and social wellbeing in the face of urbanisation, and structural change in rural economies involving both agricultural intensification and extensification. The public policy response has been a fragmented array of measures, both horizontally (across policy sectors) and vertically (across political-administrative-organisational levels). Against this background, rural landscape policy approaches are analysed in respect to their instrumentality and spatial logic, informed by Hägerstrand's concepts of territorial and spatial competence. A framework for local policy making and policy integration inspired by landscape strategy making approaches is presented and illustrated through four Danish experiments in rural landscapes of various scale and with different policy issues. Results suggest that landscape strategy making represents a promising way to improve policy integration in rural contexts but research is needed to find suitable ways to engage large scale intensive farming with the community based process.
•A conceptual model of rural policy agendas and how they affect local landscapes is presented.•Hägerstrand's concepts of territorial and spatial competences is used to analyse landscape policy.•Mainstream policy instruments and spatial approaches are found to be poorly integrated.•Results from four Danish experiments with landscape strategy making is presented.•Landscape strategy making is found to be a promising away forward in rural policy making.
Because of the uneven distribution of territorial power and autonomy, cities in lower positions in China's urban hierarchical system are typically disadvantageous in obtaining vital and timely ...political and economic resources. Applying the theoretical discourse of spatial selectivity in state space production, this study focuses on the territorial dimension of spatial strategies and investigates how local spatial selectivity strategies have unfolded in Bengbu and Chuzhou, two third-tier cities in Anhui Province. The research finds that while lower-tier cities endeavor to use spatial selectivity and advocate new administrative and economic spaces by making connections to higher-tier cities, their spatial strategies overlook insufficient interconnections with their peers. Territorial status categorization, spatial relational adjustment, and administrative boundary realignment may have adverse effects when the mismatch between their targeted places and proposed functions occurs. Institutional reconfigurations through rescaled government and multi-level and cross-regional governance network are not common in lower-tier city's spatial strategies.
The Dutch planning system has been widely feted as a coordinated, ‘plan-led’ and evidence-informed system that has been successfully implemented, resulting in sensitive land management, an absence of ...urban sprawl and the protection of ‘green areas’. However, at least since the 1970s, the reality has been somewhat different. This paper reviews Dutch planning history over the past fifty years to highlight in particular the challenge of implementation. The paper also reviews the current challenges facing Dutch planners and provides some international reflection from Dutch experiences for Irish planners.
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