The transition from living at home to living independently has been characterised as a time of stress, and there is evidence to suggest that this transition from youth to young adulthood influences ...food choice. The current study explores this phenomenon and compares 18-24-year-old university students' motivation for food choice in Australia and Germany. The study extends further to investigate the difference in students' food motives and attitude towards healthy eating by students' gender. In conducting this study, data collection were carried out using a self-administered questionnaire at regional universities in Australia and Germany. About 310 students in Australia and 305 students in Germany participated in the study. Whilst we found some significant differences on food choice factors, it also seems that German students' attitudes towards healthy eating are predicted by age, gender and health, whilst the Australian students' attitudes are predicted by age, health, mood, convenience, familiarity and ethical concerns. It appears that the Australian students had a stronger relationship between these variables than did the Germans. Also, the gender variable was only a significant predictor of attitude towards healthy eating amongst the German students.
Young people’s transition to adulthood, not only school to work, but also leaving home and family formation has been prolonging and delaying for the last few decades. Though deterioration of the ...youth labour market affects their leaving home and family formation seriously, different social security system may affect them differently. Some system with generous. support for young people would absorb the risk in the labour market for leaving home and family formation, but others with poor support would not. We examine the effects of social security for young people’s leaving home and family formation between Japan and UK. Japan has only limited social security for youth, but UK still has moderate ones, though they has been set backed in the last few decades. Our result indicates that, in UK, their social security mitigates young people’s family formation when they are at risk in the labour market, but in Japan, there are scarcely or no effects. Generous social security system is necessity for protects young people’s citizenship.
This study describes the experience of younger, so called “emerging” adults, as they transition to full‐time work, focusing specifically on the role of education in this process. When leaving their ...family‐of‐origin, emerging adults re‐center themselves to settle down in permanent identity and different role commitments. Our findings show that the weakening of institutional ties (like school) underlies the critical stage of emerging adulthood, particularly for the non‐college bound group. Education functions, however, as an avenue to upper levels of work as the non‐college bound group come to grips with the challenge of obtaining good jobs. The process of job exploration and self‐identification differentiates the stage of emerging adulthood from other stages in the life‐span perspective, especially for those from low socioeconomic family. In light of this, strategies to strengthen job exploration and self‐identity through the education system are proposed.
ABSTRACT
This paper argues that globalization, although needing to be recognized as a highly complex phenomenon and a contested concept, should become part of the debate about improving the life ...chances of young people leaving care. Understanding globalization is essential to developing the effective strategies of engagement and resistance needed to address the social exclusion of these young people. Consideration is given to the considerable difficulties faced in moving from that general recognition to a sufficiently nuanced view of the impact of globalization on care leaving required as the basis for action. Existing approaches to promoting international exchange and understanding are discussed and a conceptual model presented as the means to start the work of identifying how the needs of care leavers are assessed and met in different national contexts. It is suggested that by identifying patterns of cross‐national similarities and differences, it will become possible to understand and to engage with the processes and institutions of globalization. An international theoretical and practice agenda are proposed appropriate to the present early stage in ensuring that globalization works for and not against the interests of care leavers.
Young adults’ early career development is an increasingly important field of inquiry. With the complexity of modern transitions from school and the lifelong learning demands of emerging knowledge ...societies, governments are concerned to improve learning pathways into, and through, tertiary education and work. Young adults are exploring new learning and work possibilities and understanding these create a challenge for governments trying to validate their experiences and enhance their employability. This paper draws on integrated qualitative and statistical cluster analyses of young New Zealanders’ narratives about navigating learning and work. It draws out theoretical and policy implications, suggesting that work life learning in and outside the workplace is a key feature of young adults’ lives, though it is experienced differently by different groups. These experiences need to be taken into account in government policy as the value of providing a range of different learning settings, and of learning as necessarily lifelong, features increasingly in those policies—albeit in a fairly narrowly defined way.
Youth and education Mørch, Sven
Young (Stockholm, Sweden),
02/2003, Volume:
11, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
In this article educational challenges and developments are analysed from a youth studies perspective. Youth research is engaged in understanding the links between societal change and youth responses ...with a focus on the relation between social integration and individualization. The article shows how a new analysis of the relation between youth, modernization and competence might influence both the general understanding of youth understanding and educational developmental perspectives. In modern society, the period of youth is changing from being a transition to a highly valued period in its own right. In this way, youth life functions as a reserved situation of fragmented contextualization of modern development. This change questions the traditional educational perspective and underlines the new challenge of developing general competence for modern life. In this situation, conversely, young people should not learn to be adults but to be youth.
Based on six-years ethnographic research, this thesis provides an in-depth account of a contemporary British drug market. The study follows a group of twenty-five friends, termed The Lads, during ...their transition from late-adolescence (16-22) through to early adulthood (22-28). This was a critical stage in their life course; it was a time when many had begun advancing into the world of work and business entrepreneurship, in search of their chosen career. Yet it was during this time that two key developments occurred: bulk volumes of illicit drugs became available to The Lads through credit and the UK experienced several years of economic recession and stagnation. The economic constraints The Lads encountered during this time prompted many to become involved in the trafficking of illegal drugs. Though their entry into the markets was not necessarily motivated out of absolute need or poverty, the experience of low-paying salaries, the loss of work and income, and the inability to secure legitimate investment capital, all made drug dealing an alluring source of untaxed revenue, available as and when needed. This study assesses the practices of this cohort of closed-market drug dealers, who capitalised on their expansive social networks as a means of trafficking a variety of illegal substances at the time of these two developments. During the course of the research their involvement came to span several stages of the supply chain, including: mid-level wholesale brokerage, import/export, wholesale, and retail (i.e. to the end-users). The study addresses various structural elements of their trade, including drug purchasing and selling, the assessment and mitigation of risks in relation to law enforcement, and the use of informal credit (i.e. ‘fronting’) as one of the principle facilitating factors of The Lads’ various trade networks. A variety of data collection methods were employed over many years to garner a depth of understanding and appreciation difficult to achieve in the study of active offenders. The data comprises of life narratives, observations, interview data and economic data. The findings offer some new insight into: the kinds of people who deal drugs; what characteristics they share; how they function as traders; what motivates them to either enter or exit the trade, and what social structures influence their offending careers?These young men were not the archetypal drug dealer: they were neither predatory nor territorial. They were ambitious and hard working. Drug dealing was simply a shortcut to the lifestyle they aspired to; it was a source of capital; a means of funding their studies; a ‘means to an end’. To these young men, drug dealing was just another form of work: a bad job that paid a good salary.
In this paper we use evidence from the Scottish Young People's Surveys to explore some of the ways in which local contexts help to shape young people's subjective orientations towards the labour ...market. We attempt to move beyond the concept of opportunity structures' introduced by Roberts by considering the salience of a number of possible components of these structures of opportunity. We argue that young people's occupational aspirations are shaped as part of an interplay between individual inequalities and opportunity contexts and we provide evidence to challenge earlier research which cast doubt on the importance of local contexts. Our research suggests that neighbourhoods have an important impact on male occupational aspirations but that contextual effects have a weaker effect on females.
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