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Od Descartesa do Alexe : filozofski pogled na razvoj umetne inteligenceBregant, Janez, 1971-Mehanicističen odgovor na vprašanje o tem, kaj je mišljenje, sega v 17. stol., ko je Thomas Hobbes zapisal, da ni nič drugega kot računanje. Čeprav se je mogoče sam zdel naklonjen takšni ... materialistični ideji, ki lastnost duha formulira v pojmih mehanskih procesov, pa ni bilo jasno, kako naj bi to potekalo. Začetki simulacije inteligentnega obnašanja segajo v 60. leta 20. stol., ko je bil v modi t. i. simbolni pristop k modeliranju inteligence, ki je temeljil na deduktivnem sklepanju. Kmalu se je izkazalo, da vsega znanja, ki bi ga stroji rabili za to, da bi uspešno opravljali tudi vsakodnevne kompleksnejše naloge, kljub vsemu ne moremo predstaviti v strukturah, podobnim stavkom. Tako se je razvila nesimbolna umetna inteligenca (UI), ki pri simulaciji inteligentnega obnašanja stavi na induktivno sklepanje, verjetnost in prepoznavanje vzorcev. Danes se zdi, da je pri razvoju različnih aplikacij meja samo še nebo, vprašanje pa je za kakšno ceno. V članku najprej predstavimo vizionarje, ki so predvideli nastanek strojev in se spraševali, ali bodo ti kdaj mislili, potem opišemo prvi val razvoja UI, ki razume mišljenje kot simbolno manipulacijo, nato pa še drugega, ki inteligenco modelira s pomočjo nevronskih mrež, ki se urijo z učnimi primerki.Source: Sodobne perspektive družbe : umetna inteligenca na stičišču znanosti (Str. 15-43)Type of material - article, component part ; adult, seriousPublish date - 2022Language - slovenianCOBISS.SI-ID - 136252675
Author
Bregant, Janez, 1971-
Topics
umetna inteligenca |
simbolna umetna inteligenca |
nesimbolna umetna inteligenca |
nevronske mreže |
strojno učenje |
rudarjenje podatkov |
artificial intelligence |
symbolic artificial intelligence |
non-symbolic artificial intelligence |
neural networks |
machine learning |
data mining
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Bregant, Janez, 1971- | 19077 |
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